In the world today, almost everything you purchase, lest it be grown in your own backyard, travels thousands of miles to get to your doorstep. This is due to to economic globalization and economic integration, which has provided the world with a platform to interact peacefully. While conflict and war seem inevitable, economic integration and economic globalization which was first introduced by the Bretton Woods Conference in 1994 has changed the way nations communicate with each other. No longer are countries influenced by selfish goals, but inclusive ones that give nations better incentives not to attack.
This paper is to support that economic globalization and economic integration do in fact reduce the probability of conflict and war due to i) creating bonds through countries interests which causes them to protect rather than to instigate war, ii) embedded liberalism throughout the world, and iii) diversification of goods.
For the purpose of this paper, tension and conflict is expressed when countries are having difficulty with other countries. This paper expresses war on an international scale. Though problems arise intranationally due to a lack of economic integration and economic globalization, it is important to understand that those problems can then in turn, become global.
The Creation of Bonds
Once economically developed, it is far more beneficial to look after your trade partners than it is to turn a blind eye. In today’s economy, there are a variety of countries that contribute to the production of goods. Parts of a barbie dolls may be made in Taiwan, that then may be put together in China, before sitting on our shelf. ( In “Barbie and the World Economy,” Rone Tempest, 1992, p.2) It is far more costly to go to war...
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...ducts and services you provide as a country, you enabling yourself to remain in a global system that aids you more than harms you. This reduces chances of conflict due to become wanted within the global economy by producing more varied goods.
Thus, economic integration and economic globalization greatly benefits a country and reduces the chances of conflict thanks to its ability to provide them with enough incentive to remain peaceful and reliable. You don't want to go to war with who you work with. Providing developing countries with ways to promote growth within itself while intertwining with larger powers creates an interdependent economy system with rules that countries wish to abide to. A more diverse variety of goods produced around the world creates a platform that provides all nations with an opportunity to excel around the world, from their own backyard.
“Globalization contributes to sustainable prosperity for all people”. This quote contains mostly truth but there are also many arguments towards how globalization really does contribute to sustainable prosperity for people all around the world. This can be supported by three main points. How the rise of Japan’s economy effected the lives of millions of people. How shipwrecking effects the lives of both the ship companies and the workers in Bangladesh, and how economic growth contributes to the sustainable prosperity of the population in a specific nation. Sustainable prosperity can be defined differently from different individuals because of people’s personal opinions and their perspective is also effected by the people who influence their lives the most, but the main definition of prosperity is to have good fortune, or growth in an economic way. Globalization creates a gateway for sustainable prosperity to all people and gives people all around the world the opportunity to gain prosperity.
Throughout the 20th Century, the world was engulfed in global conflicts, engaging in one war after the next. When looking at these different conflicts, interconnected themes and issues seemed to lead to the later conflicts. The first of the conflicts to affect the globe was the Great War. Since the Great War, numerous conflicts have followed including World War II, The Cold War, and eventually the War on Terror. These wars share similar goals and themes of gaining power and prestige, seeking revenge, and fighting ideologies. Each of these conflicts results in events that eventually lead to the next conflict, creating near constant warfare around the globe. The effects and fears created by these conflicts can still be seen today as we fight
Our global world is being more connected as we become integrated politically, socially and even economically. Due to the Bretton woods agreement, different countries have been economically dependent on each other in fear for war to erupt. From then on different organizations and policies tied more countries into being economic globalized. This economic globalization had then given us many opportunities in trades and more access to natural resources in other countries. Unfortunately, there are some negative effects that are brought to less developed country. Overall, many people believe that economic globalization does a great work on accumulating our economy and our quality of life.
The purpose of this essay is to inform on the similarities and differences between systemic and domestic causes of war. According to World Politics by Jeffry Frieden, David Lake, and Kenneth Schultz, systemic causes deal with states that are unitary actors and their interactions with one another. It can deal with a state’s position within international organizations and also their relationships with other states. In contract, domestic causes of war pertain specifically to what goes on internally and factors within a state that may lead to war. Wars that occur between two or more states due to systemic and domestic causes are referred to as interstate wars.
However, globalization could have an effect on conflicts and on who is involved fighting in these conflicts.
War is a universal phenomenon, it is a violent tool people use to accomplish their interests. It is not autonomous, rather policy always determines its character. Normally it starts when diplomacy fails to reach a peaceful end. War is not an end rather than a mean to reach the end, however, it does not end, and it only rests in preparation for better conditions. It is a simple and dynamic act with difficult and unstable factors which make it unpredictable and complex. It is a resistant environment where the simplest act is difficult to perform. In this paper, I will argue why war is a universal phenomenon and what are the implications of my argument to strategists.
“The world is a global village”, is a metaphor that was coined by the Canadian scholar Marshall McLuhan to describe the perceived experience of a smaller world resulting from the effects of modern technology, faster communication and improved transportation, despite geographical boundaries (1). The various processes that have produced this phenomenon can be called globalization. There are many definitions of the term globalization; Delbruck 1993 defined globalization as "a process of denationalization of markets, laws and politics, in the sense of interlacing people and individuals for the sake of common good"(2). Fidler 1996 aptly described globalization as a complex process of, “political and economic intercourse between different sovereign states” on the premise that such interdependence will result in states being better off and as such building stability, peace and order in the international scenario(3). Globalization has resulted in a gradual erosion of the traditional distinction of national and international activities through political, social and economic interaction between different countries, leading to a fusion or overlap of domestic and foreign policies(4). However, globalization differs from internationalization, the latter referring to a process where each country attempts to fulfil their national interest by co-operating with other countries in areas where they are incapable of achieving desired outcomes on their own(3) . Its key points are co-operation between states, while preserving sovereignty. Globalization on the other hand entails co-operation and undermines the sovereignty of nations.
The very nature of its unpredictability causes instability and introduces risks to all actors involved (many of these actors unwillingly). The economics of globalization is very relevant in understanding how processes work and how it affects other issues. Without the notion of a truly global economy many of the other consequences such as culture and politics would either cease to be sustained or become less threatening. In our modern world, finance and economics is the driving force behind globalization, and globalization is serving capitalism well.
In today’s global economy, free trade and globalization are deeply intertwined. Globalization makes free trade possible and vice versa. It is beyond doubt that as time goes by the speed at which international integration is increasing and reduction of barriers to free trade are decreasing have gone up. While there is some resistance against the forces of globalization and free trade (McMaken, 2016), most nations have come to accept it as a reality of the modern era. This large scale acceptance is generally regarded as progress towards a world with less conflict. Arguments in favor of free trade and globalization stem from a variety of interdisciplinary sources. This paper goes into the details of some arguments for free trade and globalization, and explains why Globalization and free trade reduce the prevalence of conflicts in the international arena, and promote peace, cooperation and disarmament
... The Costs of US Hegemony: Military Power, Military Spending, and US Trade Performance. Sage.
As mentioned by Adam Smith, international free trade is a tactic to avoid interstate wars. Owing to the fact that economic globalization intertwines states’ economic growth. Given that a war breaks out between these states, strategic trading path may be blocked or destroyed. If trade interlinks the warring states’ economies, war would become a no-win situation for players in the game in the economic sense that their trade would be devastated. The players would definitely denounce war as a mean to address any issues under the assumption that they are rational enough to prioritize economic interest. If so, collective security can be more
It is widely accepted that there are a lot of benefits globalization brought to our life. Firstly, advanced transportation system makes different places of the world closer. Considerable amount of exciting tourists can visit remote villages in the corner of the earth. Secondly, new telecommunication, such as internet and TV, makes people’s common life colorful. Fans in China who are interested in Manchester United can also share their joy with their counterparts in United Kingdom, when the team won a game. Moreover, we can buy the popular products of high quality made in other countries, such as automobiles of Volkswagen and furniture of IKEA. Finally, globalization can lead to cooperation in trade between different countries. Even though globalization can bring so many conveniences to us, we still worry about its severe negative aspects.
Realist perspective explains globalization in terms of the relative distribution of power (Nau 2007, 278). In their opinion, trade and economic activities thrives “only under favorable security conditions,” and those conditions rely on the relative distribution of power (Nau 2007, 279). They believe that alliances and hegemony are the two most affirmative security conditions. “’Free trade is more likely within than across political-military alliances; and …alliances have had a much stronger effect on trade in a bipolar than in to a multipolar world.’” (Nau 2007, 279) In other words, the fewer dominating states with power there are in the system, the stronger is the alliance and its effect on trade. In a multipolar world, countries cannot trust each other in trade because alliances are rarely permanent and therefore, countries might use the gains from trade to increase its military power and threaten to cause damage to the other country. Thus, realists argue that,
Since the late twentieth century, the world has experienced a vast transformation with regards to world economies, culture, and politics. The great advancements in technology and communication since the late twentieth century has served a catalysts for what is known today as globalization. The ambition to develop a single global economy along with a universal culture are the promises of globalization. Perhaps the clearest evidence that demonstrates globalization is a reality is the fact that at this point in time very diverse cultures form around the world closer to each other than ever before. That being said, when it comes to the spreading of democracy and human rights, having world cultures closer to each other can prove to be beneficial
Regional economic integration enhances political cooperation. Several group of nation can have significantly greater political influence than each nation would have by individually. This integration is an essential strategy to address the effects or issues of conflicts and political instability that may affect the region. Improved political cooperation due to regional economic integration is also useful tool to handle the social and economic challenges associated with globalization. Countries which are link together will be more dependent on each other that will reduce the likelihood of violent conflict between each nation. This integration will also give countries greater political clout when dealing