EHV and HV transmission lines are used widely to transfer power from power generating area to large load centers. Nowadays compensating devices which uses modern power electronic devices are mostly used to improve the power transfer capability of transmission line. Use of FACTS devices in transmission line affects protection system very drastically. In this work, we have addressed the issues related with distance protection of transmission line with STATCOM connected at mid-point. To mitigate the problems associated with distance protection new adaptive setting is proposed which is based on synchronized measurement. The power system is modeled in
EMTDC/PSCAD software using frequency dependent model of transmission line. The results obtained for the new adaptive setting scheme prove to be accurate, robust and superior in comparison with available distance protection schemes for transmission line with STATCOM.
THE protection of transmission line is very important considering the security and stability of power system operation. Long Transmission line is used to carry bulk power from generating station to large load area. Distance protection of Extra High Voltage (EHV) and High Voltage (HV) transmission line is proved to be more reliable and accurate.
Distance based protection scheme gives information of trip when fault is located in the protected zone of transmission line [1]. With the advancement in power semiconductor technology, Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices are mostly used to enhance the power transfer capability, stability and controllability of power system
[2]-[4]. Incorporation of FACTS devices in power system introduces issues in the area of protection of transmission line. As FACTS devices have fast resp...
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... distance protection schemes with various blocking algorithms for mitigation of adverse effect of shunt-connected FACTS devices at mid-point are presented [11]-[12]. In [10], author presented synchronized measurement based mitigation technique using high speed data communication, which eliminates the distance relay measurement error at the relaying point with shunt compensation on the line.
The advancement in Global Positioning System (GPS) for synchronized measurement and fiber-optic data communication technology has given birth to Wide
Area Measurement system (WAMs). Modern high speed communication networks, typically use Synchronized Optical
Network (SONET) or Synchronized Digital Hierarchies
(SDH) standard with communication transmission rates of the order of 274.2 Mbps or 155.5 Mb/s, respectively [14]-[15].
GPS provides time synchronization of the order of 1sec
UMHB’s vision statement is, “UMHB will be the university of choice for Christian higher education in the Southwest” (UMHB, 2016). In this essay I will do a SWOT analysis of UMHB to see if the university is working towards its vision. I will identify UMHB’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats.
In my metalwork shop, we have used the method above in order to ensure that anyone gets injured as a result of electric shocks using the heavy machines ,while connecting the two 12 volts batteries or touching the feed connection of the battery. Isolation of wires in feed connections prevent that us that by a mistake we end up having a reasonably high electric shock by having isolated wires in every connection of the car. This methods, helps us to carry out our responsibilities and comply with the Health and Safety legislation listed under the section of machinery. In addition, these methods meet the legislation of Electricity at Work Regulation
My knowledge of engineering is reasonable and includes transformer substations, power plants, power distribution and transmission systems, industrial motor control and PLC programming, protective relay coordination, FACTS devices, grounding systems, Matlab programming and project management. In addition, I possess practical experience performing power flow, short-circuit and relay coordination analyses while using a power system modelling software such as ETAP, EDSA, DigSilent and CYME. Consequently, the aforementioned experience and solid engineering education along with your training will allow me to provide support to operating and new
On August 14th, 2003, a major blackout swept across portions of the northeastern United States and Canada. It was reported that a series of equipment outages in the Midwest led to uncontrolled cascading outages of power transmission lines and generators serving parts of the Northeast, Midwest and Canada. Automatic protective systems operated to open circuits and shut down power plants to prevent further spread of the outages. This is very similar to what happened in The Great Northeast Blackout of 1965. In both situations, the “grid system” shut down one generator in line at a time to protect a surge from the station before it.
With over 1,000,000 moves under our belts and 500 reliable agents in our continental network, North American Van Lines has the expertise you need for a smooth transition to your new home or place of business. We provide a variety of moving services to meet all of your moving needs, including packing, transport, loading storage and much more. Even better, we can provide services based on your budget needs with an accurate and free quote before the moving process ever begins. No matter where your home or business is located, North American Van Lines can help you get established in Simcoe or anywhere else you want to be.
The invention of the GPS started with Dr. Ivan Getting leaving his position at Raytheon Company, and armed with the knowledge of what was at the time the most advanced navigational technology in the world, they began developing the Global Positioning System. He, Roger L. Easton, and Bradford Parkison began in the 60’s with a constellation of 24 satellites (placed in six orbital planes) orbiting the earth at a very high altitude (about
The PSS is an additional control system, which is often applied as a part of an excitation control system. The basic function of the PSS is to apply a signal to the excitation system, producing electrical torques to the rotor in phase with speed differences that damp out power oscillations. They perform within the generator’s excitation system to create a part of electrical torque, called damping torque, proportional to speed change. A CPSS can be modeled by a two stage (identical), lead-lag network which is represented by a gain K and two time constants T1 and T2. This network is connected with a washout circuit of a time constant Tw. The signal washout block acts as a high-pass filter with the time constant Tw that allows the signal associated with the oscillations in rotor speed to pass unchanged. Furthermore, it does not allow the steady state changes to modify the terminal voltages. The phase compensation blocks with time constants T1i – T4i supply the suitable phase-lead characteristics to compensate the phase lag between the input and the output signals. The commonly used structure of the PSS is shown in Fig
ABSTRACT. In this modern science world, the usage of power is very high. As the usage is increased, the power demand is also gets increased. In order to comprise/compensate the power demand, different forms of power sources are preferred. Dispatchable energy resources (non-renewable energy sources) are the sources can be turned on and off in short amount of time and it is generated from different techniques. Non-dispatchable energy resources (renewable energy resources) includes the nuclear power plants, hydroelectric plants, wind and wave energy resources. The Distributed Energy Resources (DER) typically use these renewable energy sources, including small hydro, biomas, solarpower, windpower and geothermal power for an electric power distribution system and DER is coordinated within a microgrid. A
Demand for energy continues to rise unabated, so it is essential now to introduce alternative methods to produce electric energy to secure or energy future. Different methods are available to renewable the energy and meet the needs of population but security of health and income should be priority.
For the prevantion of the electricity blackout we need to build smart power grid. A modernized electrical grid that uses analog or digital information and communications technology to gather and act on information, such as information about the behaviours of suppliers and consumers is known as a smart grid. This is used to improve the efficiency, reliability, economics, and sustainability of the production and distribution of electricity in an automated fashion[12]. The important aspects of smart grid is to electronic power conditioning and control of the production and distribution of
...distances then Direct Current which range from the power source to the house and then back to the power source for example. The average in an American house is about 60 hertz times in one second. Alternating current travels from the power source where the electricity is generated to your house in a hot line, once it arrives to the house, and then it looks for a resting state and finds in in a neutral line, that's how it makes its way back home.
Over the past few decades, there has been an increasing use of induction generator particularly in wind power applications. In generator operation, a prime mover (turbine, engine) drives the rotor above the synchronous speed. Stator flux still induces currents in the rotor, but since the opposing rotor flux is now cutting the stator coils, active current is produced in stator coils, and motor now operates as a generator, and sends power back to the electrical grid. Based on the source of reactive power induction generators can be classified into two type namely stand-alone generator and grid-connected induction generator. In case of stand-alone IGs the magnetizing flux is established by a capacitor bank connected to the ma...
Sources of PQ problems in all the fields such as domestic, commercial are industrial are closely related with power electronics. For example residential equipments such as PC’s and TV, office equipments like printers and industrial equipment such as PLCs.
Electrical Engineering trains students in the analysis, planning, design, operation, instrumentation, and control of power systems as well as electrical machines and installations. Several studies have shown that many Electrical Engineering College Students are having a hard time finishing this course. Having a lot of difficulties and challenges in the field of Engineering, college students who are taking up this course are still doing their very best to graduate
GPS is a system of satellites radio-transmitters that orbit the planet in great numbers; their purpose is to be able to pinpoint the exact location of an individual or any type of vessel that is equipped with a receiver transmitter within a very small radius. GPS navigation has had a great impact upon society in general as well and its commercial and military applications. Global Positioning is made available at no cost to anyone who has a GPS receiver unit anywhere on the planet. A GPS unit is able to give the user longitude/latitude information as well as, altitude, traveling speed, distance traveled, distance remaining and time in any type of weather conditions imaginable.