Dumping Syndrome Diagnosis By Jonas Wilson, Ing. Med. Dumping syndrome (DS) can be classified as early dumping syndrome (EDS) or late dumping syndrome (LDS) based on the timing of the symptoms after eating. It is a condition that is seen in up to 20% of individuals who undergo gastric, bariatric or esophageal surgeries. The rapid emptying of largely undigested food particles into the small intestines may lead to a host of complications including nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypoglycemia, tachyarrhythmia and alterations of consciousness. The diagnosis of both EDS and LDS is a bit of a dilemma as it involves taking into account the signs and symptoms that can be elicited after testing a patient with oral glucose, hydrogen breath tests, which are quite sensitive, and endoscopy or barium swallow studies to discern the anatomy of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Laboratory studies are rarely, if ever, helpful in being able to establish the diagnosis of DS. However, possible laboratory findings can be obtained from biochemical panels and anemia and decrease albumin levels may be discovered in patients that are malnourished. Diagnostic scoring system The Sigstad’s diagnostic scoring system for DS is very helpful in being able to monitor a patient’s response to therapy. It …show more content…
Hence, endoscopy or barium may be used for this purpose. In barium fluoroscopy, barium contrast is ingested and X-ray images are then taken. EDS is characteristically recognized by premature transition of the contrast medium out of the stomach. Radionuclide scintigraphy may also be done, where a medium containing radionuclide is ingested and resultant gamma photons are detected by a gamma camera and results plotted on a graph against time. The rapid gastric emptying associated with DS is illustrated by steep drops in the activity plots of the
A classification system such as the DSM-5 is judged by its reliability and validity. Define and discuss both reliability and validity and why they are important criteria for DSM-5.
The composite score is objective and calculated through a weighted formula designed to provide an equal contribution from each item while the severity rating is subjective and indicates the need for additional treatment in specific areas (Haraguchi et al., 2009). The SR ranges from 0 to 9 points and the CS ranges from 0 to 1 with anything higher than the normal 9 SR or 1 CS indicating greater problem severities (Haraguchi et al., 2009). Although some problems still exist, the ASI has been reported to have nearly achieved both reliability and validity (Haraguchi et al.,
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of mental disorders is a widely used and popular text that lists and describes the various mental disorders and the criteria that resembles each one specifically. These series of manuals have had several major problems since their introduction and the latest edition which has yet to release still faces problems in terms of validity with the scientific community. By use of a diagnostic criterion they fail to incorporate many factors such as social influences, a scientific base, and distinction between the criteria for the different disorders. These are only a few of the problems facing the DSM but they may also be the most significant.
According to the BDI-II test review, norming of the BDI-II is neither impressive nor extensive including a clinical sample of 500 outpatients in therapy as well as a conve...
Medical nutrition therapy for people with GD should be individualized based on a persons, height, weight, physical activity, food aversions, and other medical conditions. Monitoring of metabolic parameters, including glucose, lipids, blood pressure, and body weight, as well as the health of the developing baby, is important to assess the need for changes in medical nutrition therapy and to ensure successful outcomes.
The Denver Developmental Screening Tool (DDST) is a set of tests that are administered to a young child to assess the child’s development. There are four different categories including; personal-social, fine motor-adaptive, language, and gross motor. Although the DDST is not meant to predict delays that could happen in the future, it is useful to identify current delays that the child may be facing. Helping parents and health care workers to obtain the means of referrals to specialists for more complex testing.
...tance, which creates contrast, and having a Magnetic Resonance Imaging scan, Computed Tomography (CT) scan, or a fluoroscopic X-ray.
“The physician performs a variety of tests to evaluate mental, emotional and language functions, movement and coordination, balance, vision, and the other four senses (Diagnosing
According to Eating Disorders And Weight Control , Bulimia, Bulimia Nervosa- also called the “binge-purge syndrome” Sufferers alternatively binge on large quantities of food and then purge the food by making themselves vomit or taking diuretics or laxatives or all of the above.Bulimia is a mental disorder that usually affects young women aged from late teens to early thirties. As well as some men. (115)
...ve eaten, to break down the food into a liquid mixture and to slowly empty that liquid mixture into the small intestine. Once the bolus has entered your stomach it begins to be broken down with the help of the strong muscles and gastric juices which are located in the walls of your stomach. The gastric juices are made up of hydrochloric acid, water, and mucus- and the main enzyme inside of your stomach is what is known as pepsin, which needs to be surrounded in an acidic setting in order to do its job, that is to break down protein. Once the bolus has been inside of your stomach for long enough it begins to form into a liquid called chyme, and what keeps the chyme from flowing back into our esophagus are ring shaped muscles known as sphincters located at the beginnings and ends of the stomach and they have the task of controlling the flow of solids and liquids.
Some characteristics of DS are: deep folds at the corners of the eyes, hypotonia, short stature, flexible joints, small oral cavity and heart defects (Taylor, Richards, & Brady, 2005). Most individuals with DS have a moderate intellectual disability, although there is a range of disability, from severe to high functioning (IQ above 70). Since DS is a birth defect and not a disease, there are no treatment options. Improvement can be made through physicians, special education, physical therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and psychol...
Rogers, R., Salekin, R. T., & Sewell, K. W. (1999). Validation of the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory for Axis II disorders: Does it meet the Daubert standard?. Law And Human Behavior, 23(4), 425-443. doi:10.1023/A:1022360031491
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) has been used for decades as a guidebook for the diagnosis of mental disorders in clinical settings. As disorders and diagnoses evolve, new versions of the manual are published. This tends to happen every 10 years or so with the first manual (DSM-I) having been published in 1952. For the purpose of this discussion, we will look at the DSM-IV, which was published originally in 1994, and the latest version, DSM-5, that was published in May of 2013. Each version of the DSM contains “three major components: the diagnostic classification, the diagnostic criteria sets, and the descriptive text” (American Psychiatric Association, 2012). Within the diagnostic classification you will find a list of disorders and codes which professionals in the health care field use when a diagnosis is made. The diagnostic criteria will list symptoms of disorders and inform practitioners how long a patient should display those symptoms in order to meet the criteria for diagnosis of a disorder. Lastly, the descriptive text will describe disorders in detail, including topics such as “Prevalence” and “Differential Diagnosis” (APA, 2012). The recent update of the DSM from version IV-TR to 5 has been controversial for many reasons. Some of these reasons include the overall structure of the DSM to the removal of certain disorders from the manual.
Typically, an 8-hour fasting glucose s taken to diagnose diabetes. If the blood sugar is 126 or more and is accompanied by classic signs of diabetes, then diabetes is indicated. . (Wong, Hockenberry, Wilson, 2015) Unable to remember the diagnostic study from when LF was diagnosed, they were able to tell me the continued testing that they do currently. Child gets her blood sugar** checked continuously throughout the day and sometimes in the middle of the night in order to prevent of catch highs and lows. Every three months, the child goes to see her pediatrician in Peoria that specializes in Diabetes and gets labs** drawn. Other than that, the family noted no other testing or procedures done regarding the child’s Type I diabetes.
There are two main types of diabetes. The firsts is insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In IDDM the body either doesn’t produce diabetes or produces very small amounts. The symptoms usually occur in teenagers under 20, usually around puberty. Untreated IDDM affects the metabolism of fat. Since the body can’t convert glucose into energy, it is broken down into fat and stored for energy. This also increases the amounts of ketone bodies in the blood, which interfere with respiration. The second type is called is non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This is when the body doesn’t make enough insulin or is unable to use it. NIDDM is the most common of all diabetes; it makes up 90 to 95 percent of all cases. Scientists believe that in some people weight gain or obesity is what triggers their diabetes because 80 percent of people with diabetes are over weight.