According to the DAODAS or Department of Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse Services, some common brands and names are: cigarettes, cigars, pipe and smokeless tobacco. Some common slang terms would consist of: dip, ‘cig’ or stogie ("DAODAS Nicotine Drug Profile"). Nicotines is a yellow liquid with a fishy smell when warm, a molecular weight of 162.23, and density of 1.010 g/cm3 ("Erowid Nicotine Vault : Nicotine Material Safety Data Sheet 2"). The melting point/ freezing point of Nicotine is -80 degrees Celsius, a boiling point of 247 degrees Celsius. Nicotine is also soluble in water below 60 degrees Celsius ("Erowid Nicotine Vault : Nicotine Material Safety Data Sheet 2"). Nicotine, a strong alkaline with covalent bonds and low reactivity, is only chemically stable in closed containers at room temperature with normal handling and storage conditions. With this molecule you would want to avoid certain conditions such as allowing materials that are not compatible, such as strong acids, and strong oxidizers, in contact with it. The pH of Nicotine is 10.2.
Nicotine is very toxic ("Nicotine Toxicology"). If a human consumes 40-60 mg of Nicotine it can be lethal. The median lethal dose (LD50) for rats is 50mg and for mice is it 3mg. Although it is impossible to over dose on nicotine from simply smoking, you can over dose by over use of nicotine patches, nicotine gum, and smoking tobacco at the same time. If nicotine were to be poured onto the skin and absorbed into the blood stream that might also result in a lethal reaction due to the fact that it enters the blood stream from dermal contact which meant without delay (so immediately) instead of how it would normally, from smoking for example. Although nicotine alone does not help in develop...
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6. Methods for Extracting Nicotine From Cigarettes | eHow. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/how_7585216_methods-extracting-nicotine-cigarettes.html
7. MSDS Request | Sigma-Aldrich. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/MSDS/MSDS/DisplayMSDSPage.do?country=US
8. Nicotine Molecule. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.worldofmolecules.com/disease/nicotine.htm
9. Nicotine Side Effects in Detail - Drugs.com. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/sfx/nicotine-side-effects.html
Nicotine Toxicology. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.news-medical.net/health/Nicotine-Toxicology.aspx
Science Daily. (n.d.). Retrieved November 23, 2013, from www.sciencedaily.com/articles/n/nicotine.htm
12. When & Where Was Nicotine Discovered? | eHow. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/about_5649334_nicotine-discovered_.html
Tobacco is connected with a number of negative effects in humans and a few other organisms. For example, the long list of negative effects range from birth defects and lessened lung capacity, to sexual impotence. All of the previously mentioned result from extended tobacco exposure in varying mediums and although they are negative effects associated with tobacco, it has also been proven that tobacco to acts as a stimulant to some animals (Nice 135). In studying how tobacco effects the body of any living being and its uses, over time new developments may progress that would allow us to use tobacco only for its positive effects while bypassing its negative ones.
According to the Partnership for a Drug-Free America, it stated that the nicotine in smoking cigarettes can be very dangerous, damaging to the human body. It’s known that smoking can cause chronic lung disease, coronary heart disease and stroke. In addition, smoking also causes cancer of the lungs, larynx, esophagus, mouth, and bladder. Smoking tobacco products is also known to contribute to cancer of cervix, pancreas and kidneys. People that don’t smoke tobacco products can also be harmed by second hand smoke. Women who smoke while pregnant, put their baby at risk of have health problems.
Nicotine is a highly toxic substance (LD40) which can affect the brain, central and autonomic nervous system
During the time period 1450 to 1750, the world went through major change and development. Nomadic power declined, and European Kingdoms became world powers. A world trade network was set up as contact amongst nations increased immensely. A population boom occurred throughout the world. Many civilizations that were once isolated were brought into the world economy. The Americas unknown until Christopher Columbus’ voyage in 1492 became a major part of the world economy as many European nations colonized much of the land. Large sea trade arose during this time period first by the Portuguese and Spanish and later by the English, French and Dutch. As European countries began exploring the Americas, an exchange of crops, animals, raw materials, diseases and new ideas were exchanged between the Americas and the rest of the world. This is known as the Columbian Exchange. One major component of the Columbian Exchange was the discovery of tobacco. Tobacco was first discovered in the Americas and became as cash crop. It was imported back to Europe, where it became vastly popular. As many middle class Europeans people began smoking, the demand for more tobacco from the Americas increased; colonies were set up to produce tobacco. With the demand for tobacco so high, labor was needed to farm the crop causing slaves to be imported.
The health consequences of smoking have become evident since early 1960s and numerous techniques to help smokers to become nonsmokers have started to develop. "The Behavioral Aspects of Smoking", a report of the Surgeon General first published in 1979 talks in detail about methods aided to assist smokers in the process of cessation. Sometimes it is very hard to decide which intervention strategy is the best and most useful because they vary from gimmicks to formal programs and clinics.
The nicotine in the “nicotine, whatever its source, can harm lung tissue” and nicotine is an ingredient in most vapes. There are certain styles of vape juice that do not have nicotine, however, even those have proven harmful. Professor Charalambos Vlacholoulous of the University of Athens Medical School conducted a study with a group from the University to test the difference vaping has on the aorta compared to smoking. Both smoking and vaping stiffens the heart and this is bad because “if the aorta is stiff, you multiply your risk of dying either from heart disease or from other causes.”
Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States and worldwide (Centers for Disease Control, 2013, World Health Organization, 2008). Tobacco cessation counseling is a vital component of any public health strategy seeking to decrease mortality, disease and costs associated with smoking. To that end, the Healthy People 2020 Tobacco Use Objectives cover three main areas: reducing tobacco use, instituting health system changes, and creating social and environmental changes (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2013). Objective TU-10 falls under the category of health system changes as it seeks to open doors for patients to make quit attempts and to pursue tobacco cessation methods by increasing tobacco cessation counseling by physicians and other health care providers.
To begin with, in order for a facility to be successful in treating people with addictions whether it be alcohol, or drugs the facility must have a treatment plan to use and guide both counselors and the client alike to be successful in the program.
Encyclopaedia of Children’s (2013) stated that smoking is a form of inhalation of smoking from different forms of tobacco which include cigarettes, pipes, and cigars. Cancer Research (2012) and the World Health Organisation (2013) have confirmed that most tobacco products contain very high level of nicotine which can have additive effect and are made from tobacco leaf which are s...
Cigarette smoking stay the top preventable cause of sickness and early death in the United States because not only it asserts over 400,000 lives a year but it enhances the danger of someone dying from illnesses such as heart disease, stroke emphysema and a diversity of cancers (Douglas E.Jorenby) . Despite information about the bad side effects of smoking on health, 25% of adults in the United States keep on smoking. One of the reason why people seems to not easily quit smoking and continue to do it has to do with the addictive nicotine, a substance found in all types of tobacco products.
Cigarette addiction is responsible for over four million deaths every year. The question most people ask is why don’t people just put down their cigarettes? Well, the answer to that often asked question is nicotine. Nicotine is a neurotransmitter that targets certain receptors in the brain. It is a chemical messenger that induces feelings of pleasure. When someone takes a hit off of a cigarette, they ingest the harmful chemicals that can cause cancer and other serious health threats. They only inhale these chemicals to get one thing and one thing only, nicotine.
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery operated heating devices that work by turning nicotine into vapor that is inhaled to emulate smoking tobacco but without the harsh toxic chemicals attributed with smoking cigarettes. The liquid nicotine substance inserted in the e-cigarettes is primarily a solution of water, propylene glycol, glycerin, and small amounts of flavoring, available with or without nicotine that is vaporized by an internal heater (Popova 924). Furthermore, the amount of nicotine can be adjusted from nicotine free to extra strength. This allows users to control their amount of nicotine with the most promising option to be nicotine free or detached from the tobacco imitating device. E-cigarettes can be practically taken anywhere. Most are designed to resemble the typical cigarette and others may appear in a pen-like shape. Not to mention, the cost of e-cigarettes are relatively low compared to buying tobacco products. Given these points, e-cigarettes is a better solution to the discontinuance of smoking tobacco because it does not contain toxic chemicals associated with the smoke from cigarettes, it is a more affordable, and permits its users to control their nicotine intake to eventually curb the nicotine
Some of the chemicals found in cigarettes are Acetone, which is found in nail polish remover and Acetic Acid, an ingredient in hair dye. A common household cleaner called ammonia is found in tobacco cigarettes. Arsenic used in rat poison, is used in tobacco products also. Benzene which is found in rubber cement and Butane which is used in lighter fluid is found in cigarettes as well. An active component in battery acid called Cadmium and carbon monoxide are also chemicals found in cigarettes. Formaldehyde, hexamine and lead are chemicals present in cigarettes. A main ingredient in rocket fuel called methanol and tar which is a material for paving roads, are also a few of the deadly chemicals that tobacco cigarettes contain. (What's in a Cigarette? American Lung Association)
Smoking cigarettes is a very deadly addiction that, unfortunately, affects 42.1 million adults in the United States and 6.4 million children. The reason why so many people get addicted to cigarettes is because of nicotine. Medicinenet.com says that nicotine is “made by the tobacco plant or produced synthetically”. Nicotine has powerful pharmacologic effects (including increased heart rate, heart stroke volume, and oxygen consumption by the heart muscle), as well as powerful psychodynamic effects (such as euphoria, increased alertness, and a sense of relaxation). Nicotine is also powerfully addictive.”
Cigarette makers know that nicotine addiction helps sell their products. Nicotine is the main ingredient in tobacco that causes addiction. Nicotine activates the parts of the brain that control feelings and pleasure. It only takes minutes for the effects of nicotine to disappear causing the smoker to take another puff to keep feeling good. (Junior Scholastic, 2006) When you utilize tobacco products, nicotine is expeditiously absorbed into your bloodstream. Within 10 seconds of entering your body, the nicotine reaches your brain. It causes the brain to relinquish adrenaline, engendering a buzz of pleasure and energy. The buzz fades expeditiously though, and leaves you feeling tired, a little down, and wanting the buzz again. This will result in lighting up another cigarette. Since your body is able to build up a high tolerance to nicotine, you’ll need to smoke more and more cigarettes to receive nicotine’s pleasurable effects and obviate withdrawal symptoms. This cycle will only continue to repeat resulting in addiction. Although for many once they’ve reached this point it seems almost impossible to quit smoking even when they want to. ("Nicotine and Tobacco Add...