Introduction
Since ancient times humans have been trying to understand our place in the universe. The big question many ask is “are we alone in this universe?” Formulas and arguments like The Drake Equation and Fermi’s paradox have been proposed to predict and answer questions like this. Many scientists believe life exist in our galaxy other than us based on the high probabilities The Drake Equation puts forth. However, there are skeptics who believe the one equation to rely on is the one that validates that there is only one other planet in our solar system that has intelligent life and we live in it. Whether life outside of Earth exist or not, exploration of the idea of a biological universe is important for humanity’s understanding of our place in the solar system.
The Drake Equation
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Frank Drake in 1960, consist of the product of seven variables set equal to the variable, N. The equation is N = R* FP ne FL FI Fc L. Carl Sagan breaks down what each of these variables mean in a video. The variable N represents the number of “advanced civilizations” in the milky way galaxy capable of radio astronomy. The variable R* represents the the number of stars in the galaxy. The variable FP represents the fraction of those stars that have have planets around them. The variable ne represents the fraction of those planets that are able to sustain life. The variable FL represents the factions of planets where life exist. The variable FI represents the fraction of planets that have intelligent life. The variable Fc represents the fraction those planets that are able to communicate with technological advancements. The variable L represents the length of time such planets are a technical
Hume, Kathryn. "Science and Imagination in Calvino's Cosmicomics" Mosaic: a journal for the interdisciplinary study of literature. Winnipeg: Univ. of Manitoba, (34:1) 2001.
It wasn't until the second time through that I watched closely to what was going on and attempted to grasp the message that was being conveyed. It begins with a man in a black robe singing to a group who appear to be his peers until a woman and another man appear. They sing to one another and appear to be declaring their love for one another while he watches. They eventually leave and he is left to alone and appears to be heart broken over their appearance. Then the couple make there way back into the act and are accompanied by many others who sing for the couple as a dancer in a red gown entertains them. The couple then drinks together until the man in the gold robe gets a letter that angers him and he rips it up. From them on the couple seems to converse back and forth until the entire group joins them and act I is finished. The piece seems very dramatic and the remaining acts I'm sure would not disappoint. The conductor does a very good job at keeping the opera lively and convey the overall tone of what is happening very
Whether or not life outside of Earth exists, the exploration of the biological universe is beneficial to humanity’s understanding of our place in the universe. The Drake equation is a formula that is used to predict “the number of active communicative extraterrestrial civilizations”. The Drake Equation largely embodies the idea of the cosmic evolution, the concept that “.the universe and its constituent parts are constantly.” changing.
The events in the book “Life as We Knew it” by Susan Beth Pfeffer, in my opinion, are questionable at best. Along with the grammatical errors scattered everywhere, I believe that the book lacks an actual scientific basis. Here I will explain my reasoning on why the events in “Life as we knew it” are not plausible through the human interactions, astronomy, and physics.
Over a 1950 summer lunch at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, the great physicist Enrico Fermi asked his colleagues an unexpected question – “Don’t you ever wonder where everybody is?” Laughter went around the table as everyone immediately knew that he was talking about extraterrestrial intelligence [1]. If life arises fairly commonly, as Fermi believed, it follows that there should be advanced civilizations with the desire to visit and colonize Earth close enough to do so. However, there is no incontrovertible evidence of aliens on Earth, either now or in the past. This is called the Fermi Paradox. The lack of observational evidence for extraterrestrial intelligence is known as the ‘Great Silence.’[13]
An underlying theme present throughout the series is the possibility that our existence is not the only one. According to current theories in physics, it is entirely possible that our universe is just one of many universes f...
Biological factors are related to the sexuality and development in the sexual awareness. During puberty, the young person may not be able to distinguish between sexual and aggressive urges. This would result in sexual aggression that has the outcome of leading to social offense. Drake was introduced to pornography at this critical time in his life. It was during this period that his inclination to sexual offense began to become apparent. He was struggling with the adolescent sex issues while being introduced to sexual indulgence. This contributed much to his confusion and subsequent involvement in the sex matters. Low self-esteem, impulsivity, poor interpersonal skill and poor social behavior aggravated the depth
The existence of life – Aliens, beyond our planet has been a controversial topic for several centuries, and is a debatable issue even today in the 21st century. What is our topic you may ask? Aliens, Do, Exist. According to theoretical physicist, Stephen Hawking, it would be improbable for life not to exist somewhere other than Earth. This is a bold claim, but there is evidence to support this statement. The evidence we seek is in the many Alien occurrences we have experienced throughout human history.
Michael Guillen, the author of Five Equations that Changed the World, choose five famous mathematician to describe. Each of these mathematicians came up with a significant formula that deals with Physics. One could argue that others could be added to the list but there is no question that these are certainly all contenders for the top five. The book is divided into five sections, one for each of the mathematicians. Each section then has five parts, the prologue, the Veni, the Vidi, the Vici, and the epilogue. The Veni talks about the scientists as a person and their personal life. The Vidi talks about the history of the subject that the scientist talks about. The Vici talks about how the mathematician came up with their most famous formula.
Throughout time we have pondered the possibility of life existing beyond earth. Movies, television programs, and novels have been written about extraterrestrial beings. Often these beings bear strong resemblances to human beings, with slight alterations. When imagining what exactly an alien would look like, we are biased to believe that extraterrestrial beings are little green men with antenna's protruding from their head and they fly around the universe in huge spaceships. However, these little green men are figments of our imagination, as true life it has yet to be proven that life does, in fact, exist elsewhere in the universe. Scientists have tried for many years to find extraterrestrial life, unsuccessfully. Yet their work has not been completely in vain. There is evidence that life can and possibly does exist on other planets. Our job is to find direct proof of this hypothesis and to attempt to establish communication with these foreign beings.
Is there life on Mars? Almost every person in science has asked this question at least once in their life. While there are people who believe that there is, there are also the naysayers. Mars is one of the planets that have eluded us for centuries while we have landed on it and done studies; we have still yet to fully say that there was life on mars or that there currently is life on mars. Some scientists have dedicated their lives to finding out the answer. In this paper, both sides will be represented to fully understand this difficult question.
For centuries, the explanation of the origin of our universe has been a heavily debated subject of religious, philosophical and scientific discussion. However, attempts to explain how the universe developed from a very tiny, dense state into what it is today have been thoroughly explored, not the initial creation of the universe itself. From the studies of both famous cosmologists and ordinary folk, there are two famous and widely accepted theories of how our universe evolved to what is today - The Big Bang theory and The Steady State theory. And along with these proposed theories is a plethora of evidence
Are we alone in the universe? This one is a hard question to answer, but there seems to be an argument that this cannot be so. Firstly, the universe is a huge place, a place that expands every second. It is so big that earth is only a tiny atom in the universe, so we can’t be the only ones alive in all that possibility of space. Secondly, life needs certain things to form; these are called CHNOPS and these are found in other places besides earth. Thirdly, people have reported alien sightings on earth, and this too suggests that we are not alone.
One of the most common unanswered questions scientists find themselves asking is "Is there life on other planets?" Since the first famously documented UFO sighting in 1947, the idea of extra-terrestrial life has been debated almost non-stop. The subject has inspired many TV programs, such as The X-Files, and films (Mars Attacks, Independence Day, and the Men in Black films to name but a few). Scientists have come up with many new ideas and ways of trying to either prove or disprove the existence of life elsewhere.
The argument suggesting life existing on other Earth-like planets has been present since man first looked into space and questioned his own existence and the existence of others like him. Today there are many theories on the existence of intelligent life elsewhere in the universe, but only one theory goes beyond them and into an even larger realm. The contents of this theory, known as the “multiverse” theory, suggest that humans on Earth live within one universe of many others that reside within a primordial vacuum containing many other universes (Jenkins and Perez). Each of these universes possesses potentially different natural constants and physical laws that govern them differently, thus calling forth some logical questions. First, what is the likelihood such universes even exist, and second, how can we test the constants and laws that still result in the possibility of intelligent life in other universes? Moreover, what implications does this theory have on the ideology that this universe is designed specifically for human beings?