The Down syndrome occurs by genetic disorder as like Fragile X syndrome. Human body has autosomes which is normally 23 pairs of chromosomes and allosomes that shows two types of sex. The extra or absent of chromosomes and DNA could cause unusual or uncommon state physically or mentally in human body. Most people who have down syndrome have the abnormality in the number of chromosomes (abnormal situation in autosomes). So the main cause for the down syndrome is absolutely existence of genetic problem. People who have down syndrome normally have some characteristics : degenerated or weak muscle short neck with extra skin slower in development than normal children slower to learn in movement (turn over, sit, walk or run) face to learn hard …show more content…
Most researchers believes that, when a child inherits the genes from their parent, genetic mutation could make them vulnerable to develop their autism. However, it is unfortunate that there is no specific way to identify the specific genes which is linked inextricably to the autism. For the environmental factor, it is mostly related to alcohol, drugs or medication intake when mothers pregnancy. Lastly, for the neurological factor, when the condition of brain is over-connected or scrambled, then the nervous system faced problems which occur autism. They usually : focus only one thing that they feel interests shaking the part of body limited understanding and comprehending skills lack of development for language sensitive in any noise, sounds, visual
According to Autism Speaks Inc. (2015) research has determined there are more than 100 autism risk genes. Both Autism Speaks Inc. (2015) and Autism Society agree that there is a high genetic factor in children with autism, as well as an environmental risk factor. Autism Speaks Inc. (2015) suggests that many things can be responsible for autism in children. Some of these things include parental age, maternal illnesses, extreme prematurity, low birth weight and oxygen deprived babies. According to CDC (2015) people who are older who are having kids are putting their child at a higher risk of being diagnosed with
“About 13 of every 10,000 babies born in the United States each year is born with Down syndrome. It affects an equal number of male and female babies” (Johnson P. A. 2014). Down syndrome is a genetic disorder that found across the world, however it is more prevalent in the United States. The cause of the disorder roots to the paring of the human chromosomes. A normal human receives 23 pairs of chromosomes, each pair coming from mother and father. In Down syndrome most people affected have an abnormal cell division of the chromosome. Both parents are carriers of the There are three types of variations that includes trisomy 21, mosaic, and translocation.
Researching on perinatal and neonatal risk factors for autism, Gardener suggested that boys are more vulnerable to a variety of prenatal insults (e.g., infection, malnutrition, stress) and for some reason they might be more prone to genetic mutations leading to autism (Goldman, 2013).
It is unknown exactly what causes autism, but it is a biological problem and a
Despite its 50 year-old diagnosis, autism is still one of the mostly commonly contracted and rarely treated childhood diseases. Studies suggest that as many as 1 in 500 children may display autistic symptoms. Manifestations of this disability include the stereotypical physical contortions and hand-flapping motions commonly associated with autism, as well as inability to relate to the outside world, limited social skills, lack of concentration, and hypersensitivity to certain stimuli-particularly noise (1). Perceived causes include poor fetal development, genetics, allergies, and a lack of crucial enzymes. Because for many years the disorder was thought to be a result of poor parenting, only recent studies have begun any attempts to identify the causes of childhood autism. Many diagnosis and potential treatments have been tried only by the parents of autistics; undergoing research is still slow and often under-funded.
... genetics and environment play a role. Researchers have identified a number of genes associated with the disorder. Studies of people with A.S.D. have found irregularities in several regions of the brain. Other studies suggest that people with autism have abnormal levels of serotonin or other neurotransmitters in the brain. These abnormalities suggest that autism could result from the disruption of normal brain development early in fetal development caused by defects in genes that control brain growth and the regulation of how brain cells communicate with each other. With so many answers as to what may cause autism, it makes treatment for autism particularly difficult as there currently is no one standard “fix.” In fact, there are several types of therapy that may help minimize symptoms of A.S.D. and the effectiveness of each program differs for each individual.
All three types of Down syndrome have an extra chromosome or part of chromosome 21 in one or all the cells. The extra chromosome changes the way an embryo develops and changes the physical and mental characteristics of the child. It is unknown what exactly causes nondisjunction. Although it is unknown, research has shown that the chances of having a child with Down syndrome go up as the woman’s age goes up. Even though the chances goes up the older the woman is, 80% of Down syndrome cases occur in woman under the age of 35. Although age can cause nondisjunction, there is nothing that proves that age is linked to translocation. This is due to more women having children at a younger age. Nothing as of today has been proven that any activities of the parents during or before pregnancy has affected the chance of the child developing Down syndrome. Also, there is no proof that the environment of the child causes Down syndrome. Most cases of Down syndrome have not been inherited from the parents, but 5% of the cases are due to the father’s
There is no known single cause of autism. Researchers are investigating a number of possible theories including genetics, heredity, medical problems, problems during pregnancy or delivery, as well as environmental influences. It is widely accepted that it is caused by abnormalities in the brain structure or function. There is evidence from neuropathological studies that autism has its origins in abnormal brain development early in prenatal life which continues postnatally, showing acceleration in brain growth measured by head circumference (Zwaigenbaum, L., Bryson, S., Rogers, T., Roberts, W., Brian, J., & Szatmari, P., 2005). The disorder also seems to have a genetic basis, although researchers have yet to find the specific genes that link to the onset of autism. There could be a cluster of genes that have somehow interfered with normal brain development and function. Studies show that twins of children with autism were more likely to be autistic themselves than the regular population, demonstrating there is a heredity lin...
Autism is a brain dysfunction genetically passed down and resulting with abnormalities in the corpus callosum which allows for one to efficiently communicate. Amygdala which facilitates regular emotions and social behavior, and lastly the cerebellum which determines hand eye and motor skill as well as neuron activity that affect the brain in autism. Spect scans of children with autism show an unusual amount of nerve fibers in the brain. At birth their brains are disproportionately smaller than most beings but in short lapse of a year there brains grow rapidly and above average for their age at a year and a half old. All these facets play a role in the main reasoning for lack of transmission from one side to the other (delaying responses and reactions). In scientific research there is no clear explanation of which autism originates or is spawne...
In autism the child development processes get delayed and hence children started to show many deficiencies in learning, talking and communication as compared to normal kids of their age. The intensity and symptoms of the autism varies from child to child, hence make it difficult to diagnose in the very earliest years of the disease development.
As mentioned before just like there is no one single definition of autism there is not one single answer to what cause Autism. The major ones are the association of an older age of a father during conception, also
Autism has not been a single one known cause.Two factors such as genetic problems and environmental factors are prime candidates for Autism. In some Autistic children genetic disorders such as Rett Syndrome are found. Other genes affect brain development which cases the severity of the disorder. Scientist are researching whether environmental factors can cause Autism.
Autism is cause by a combination of genetic and some environmental factors in the development of unborn or of age children. This happen more in males than females and there is not an answer for why, like some male babies born breach, lack of doctor visit by mom or poor health care. The study of cells, chromosomes, genes and other bio of how the human body is form and operates and diseases affect us.
Autism is a group of developmental brain disorders that children undergo during their stage of development. Children with this disorder can have some symptoms, abilities and levels of impairment or disability. Signs of autism can have different impacts on each child; others may slightly impair, and others may completely disable a child. Most cases of autism are caused by the permutation of hazardous genes and ecological factors influencing early brain development. This disorder has got its roots in the early brain development; however, they are not early noticed. The most noticeable signs and symptoms tend to appear between two to three years of age.