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Cause and effect of Down syndrome.org
Cause and effect of Down's syndrome
General information on down syndrome
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Down syndrome is a birth defect caused by a genetic disorder that affects 350,000 people in the United States. It is caused by abnormalities in the genes and is not inherited, meaning that parents do not pass this onto their children. Genetics is the study of heredity or how certain traits are passed from parents to their children. Genes are the basic unit of heredity. Cells are the building blocks of your body and each one of us has more than 100 trillion cells. Our genes are located in chromosomes. Each cell in your body contains 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs. In a person with Down syndrome, there are 47 chromosomes. In 1956, a French researcher named Jerome Lejeune used a new powerful microscope to view human strands of DNA. DNA is what holds an individual person’s genes. He studied these DNA strands and determined that there is an extra strand in chromosome 21, which is now called “Trisomy 21” tri meaning three and somy for the word chromosome – meaning three chromosomes. No one knows exactly what causes Down syndrome aside from it being genetic.
Many years ago, this condition was known as “mongolism” or people that had it were called “mongolian idiots”. But in later years, Asian people as well as parents of these children protested these terms and in the 1960’s the condition became known as Down syndrome in honor of the English doctor John Langdon Down. Who, in 1866, studied people with mental retardation and noted distinct physical features in them. Some of the physical features associated with Down syndrome are low muscle tone, many newborns appear as floppy and not toned, they have flat facial features especially a small nose with a flattened nasal bridge. Their eyes are slightly slanted with small skin
folds at the inner corner. The have a short neck, small abnormal shaped ears, and an enlarged tongue that often tends to protrude making speech difficult to understand.
Many people with Down syndrome suffer from a variety of health problems. The most common and significant symptom is mental retardation, which ranges from mild to moderate. People with Down syndrome suffer from congenital heart defects, which affect approximately 40-50% of these people. Their poor muscle tone makes much physical activity difficult. There are many hormonal problems, mainly thyroid disease. People with Down syndrome suffer from circulatory problems, respiratory ailments, ...
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...the placenta is removed and the cells are tested under a microscope for chromosomal abnormalities. The last test is Amniocentesis, which is where a sample of the amniotic fluid is withdrawn from the womb. This procedure is done during the 14th to 18th week of pregnancy. This is the most reliable and accurate test. It is 99.8% reliable in testing for Down syndrome. There is another blood test available called Percutaneous Umbilical Blood Sampling (PUBS).
The fact of the matter is no matter how different or unusual these people appear, people afflicted with Down syndrome should be treated with respect and dignity just like you and me. These people are productive individuals and have many things to offer. Just because they are different doesn’t mean they aren’t valuable to us. We can learn patience and acceptance from them and until there is a cure, our acceptance and a positive attitude will help us all to move forward.
Works Cited
Diseases and Disorders - Down Syndrome, Christina M. Girod, San Diego, CA, 2001
Down Syndrome, Salvatore Tocci, Grolier Publishing Company, Inc., 2000
www.aolsvc.health.webmd.aol.com/content/article/1680.54172
www.my.webmd.com
Having Down Syndrome is a Horizontal identity. Most Americans view people with Down’s to be disabled and do not thing much past that. But, many people with Down’s see this simply as a part of who they are, just as much as the color of their eyes. To them, it is not a disability, but just a fact of life. Many outsiders do not understand this, which is why the Down’s community is so important. The Down’s community provides those with Down’s acceptance to their identity. While the rest of society rejects and pities them, within their community they can relate with others and be treated equally. Unlike with vertical identities where the parents are automatically insiders, parents must choose to whether or not to support their children’s horizontal identities. Some parents choose not to accept Down’s before the child is born and terminate the pregnancy while others do their best to make sure their child is comfortable in the world. Again, in more recent years, there are movements for society to be more educated and inclusive for those with Down Syndrome, but there is still a long way to go.
Down’s syndrome is a chromosomal condition that is caused by an extra 21st chromosome as there is an error in the body’s cell division. Every human has a nucleus in every cell in the body which contains genes that are grouped along with chromosomes. The normal number of
lip, skin folds at the corners of the eyes, indistinct groove on the upper lip, and an
Johnson, P. A. (2014). Down syndrome. In L. J. Fundukian (Ed.), The gale encyclopedia of medicine (4th ed.). Retrieved from Gale Science in Context database. (Accession No. DU2601000443)
Down syndrome is a very common disorder now a day’s, but not many know what it actually is. Down syndrome was a topic that was not as common back in that day. “John Langdon Down, an English physician, published an accurate description of a person with Down syndrome. It was this scholarly
It is well known that children have Down syndrome within physical features. They are not different than a person who does not have Down syndrome, but their physical features are quite different such as, facial appearance in the face, which is flatter. They also have a slant within their eyes, smaller ears and protruding tongue which is slightly bigger and suspends out a part from the mouth. (2)
Children with Down Syndrome have distinct physical characteristics. They are short in stature and have a small, round face with a high flattened ...
In 1886, physician John Langdon Down was the first scientist to identify Down syndrome. Down was the administrator of a mental institute for children in Surrey, England. From his observations and work at the institute, he was able to identify a set of children who exhibited characteristics such as short nose, broad flat face, short and broad hands, which are features commonly identified with Down syndrome. He later wrote an essay entitled “Observations of the Ethnic Classification of Idiots” in which he asserts the notion that it was possible to classify different types of health conditions through race. His essay included his now famous classification of what is today known as Down syndrome, which he categorized as the Mongol...
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder, associated with the presence of an extra chromosome. Downs is characterized by mild to severe mental impairment, weak muscle tone, shorter stature, and a flattened face. Down syndrome is not a very common disease, one in every 691 children are born with Down syndrome. The disability is an illness that people are born with and is not contagious. Most people with Downs have a life expectancy of about 40 or 50 years of age. They only live for that short amount of time because they begin to develop a similar disease to Alzheimer’s. “100% of people with Down syndrome will develop some physiologic signs of Alzheimer’s when they are over 35 years old in the U.S” (Statistics about Down Syndrome). They also die earlier because having Down syndrome increases the risk of leukemia 15-20 times in the US. Therefore most people with Downs will die because of leukemia or heart problems before the age of 50.
Having Down syndrome is like being born normal. I am just like you, and you are just like me. We are all born in different ways, that is the way I can describe it. I have a normal life"(Burke, C., n.d.). Where special education is concerned, one must always remember that exceptional learners are different, not less.
As mentioned in the introduction, Down Syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. The extra genetic material is typically responsible for the alteration of physical development. Some of the most common physical traits of Down Syndrome are distinct facial features such as a upward slanting almond shaped eyes, a seemingly flattened face, a tongue that tends to stick out, and small ears. Some of the other physical traits that are sometimes present are short stature, poor muscle tone, and a crease across the palm of the hand (CDC). Due to the poor muscle tone in their bodies, people who have Down Syndrome are more susceptible to conditions such as obesity and sleep apnea...
Another technology that has been around for a while is the general ultrasound. In the article by Jennifer Wang she states, “The risk of a patient having a fetus with Down syndrome can be assessed non-invasively using fetal markers seen on ultrasound.
Imagine coming into 4th grade on the first day of school and having the other children look at you funny and not understanding why. Nothing is more devastating than when you are excited to make friends and interact with the other children, but when the teacher hands out assignments and tells everyone to get in small groups, and you are excluded and have to work by yourself or with a teaching assistant. This is what it is like to be a 4th grader with Down syndrome.
Kids with disabilities are nice young boys and girls, but they don’t always get the chance to show it. People judge them because of what they have. It could be because they can’t speak right, do a math problem like we can, or they could have a mental handicap. Children with disabilities should be treated the same as everyone else.