Disadvantages Of Thermal Distillation

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Introduction
Water has had a very important role that has evolved together with society. It is in the recent history when the unsustainable development and wrong policies have produced an immense pressure on water resources affecting their quality and availability.
Four water uses are the main source of water consumption: industrial, human, agriculture and energy. Water industrial demand is expected to increase in all sectors of production[1]. Furthermore, we should note that the world’s population is growing by about 80 million people per year and could reach 9.1 billion by 2050, with 2.4 billion people living in Sub-Saharan Africa, the region with the most heterogeneously distributed water resources[2]. Also, water waste in agriculture and …show more content…

Currently one of the main principles used to desalination is thermal distillation. The advantages of thermal desalination processes are their ability to be driven by low energy thermal source, their reliability, easier operation and maintenance, high purity freshwater and their capability to deal with harsh feed waters of high temperature and salinity or even with contamination. In thermal desalination we can found multi stage flash (MSF), multi effect distillation (MED) and mechanical o thermal vapor compression (MVC-TVC) as main techniques.
However, these techniques are considered energy inefficient process, in any desalination process the energy cost is the 50% of the total cost[5]. Thermal distillation processes demand two different forms of energy: thermal energy which represents most of the energy consumed and can come from different sources (fossil fuels, waste energy [6], solar energy [7],[8], etc…) and electric power that is consumed for driving actuators and pumping systems (feeding, cooling, vacuum and removing

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