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Essay on history of the periodic table
History of the periodic table essay
Essays on the history of the periodic table
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Part A HISTORY of the PERIODIC TABLE Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier discovered both hydrogen and oxygen, although it is said that Henry Cavendish had earlier uncovered hydrogen. Lavoisier also helped create the metric systems (source 1). He wrote the first extensive list of elements containing 33 elements and distinguished metals and non-metals (source 5). Him and his area of work were particularly interested in compounds, element weight and chemical reaction (source 6). Dimitri Mendeleev arranged 63 known elements, into the periodic table based on atomic mass and predicted the existence and properties of new elements. He realised that the physical and chemical properties of elements were related to their atomic mass and arranged them into groups of elements with similar properties. Where there were gaps he succeeded in finding the atomic masses and there properties and was later discovered to be right. He was very strict on the atomic weight order. In addition to this he invested the thermal expansion of liquids. Dimitri Mendeleev was the author of the Periodic law, in his peri...
Primo Levi’s personal relationship to his profession as a chemist shows that philosophically and psychologically, he is deeply invested in it. His book THe PeriOdic TaBLe shows that his methodology cannot be classified as either purely objective or purely subjective. He fits into the definition of dynamic objectivity given by Evelyn Fox Keller in her book Reflections on Gender and Science.
Although some of the elements have been known for thousands of years, our understanding of many elements is still young. Mendeleev’s first Periodic Table contained only 63 elements, and about that many were discovered in the following 100 years. Just like countries, emperors, philosophers, and cities, elements have histories, too.“The Disappearing spoon” by Sam Kean, is a detailed history of the elements on the Periodic Table. Kean does a important job of telling every single element’s journey throughout the history of mankind: from the earliest times, when chemistry was intermingled with alchemy, to these days of modern chemistry. For example: Thallium is considered the deadliest element, pretending to be potassium to gain entry into our cells where it then breaks amino acid bonds within proteins. The CIA once developed a plan to poison Fidel Castro by dosing his socks with thallium-tainted
The History of the Periodic Table of Elements Dmitri Mendeleev and the early Periodic Table Dmitri Mendeleev was born in Tobolsk, Siberia; on February 7, 1834 .He was the youngest of 14 children born to Maria Dmitrievna Korniliev and Ivan Pavlovitch Mendeleev. His father was director of the local gymnasium. Maria Korniliev's family settled in Tobolsk in the early 1700's and introduced paper- and glass-making to Siberia. Unfortunately, Ivan died when Dmitri was quite young, leaving his wife to support the large family. The death hit them hard economically especially for a large family, which meant that Maria had no other choice but to find work. Maria's family owned a glass factory and they allowed her to take over managing the company so she could support the family. Dmitri, being the youngest, appears to have been his mother's favorite child and was provided as many opportunities as she could afford. From his early years, she began to save money for Dmitri to attend the university.
This showed that dissolved gases were mechanically mixed with the water and weren?t mixed naturally. But in 1803 it was found that this depended on the weight of the individual particles of the gas or atoms. By assuming the particles were the same size, Dalton was able to develop the idea of atomic weights. In 1803 this theory was finalised and stated that (1) all matter is made up of the smallest possible particles termed atoms, (2) atoms of a given element have unique characteristics and weight, and (3) three types of atoms exist: simple (elements), compound (simple molecules), and complex (complex molecules).
Dmitri Mendeleev was one of the most famous modern-day scientists of all time who contributed greatly to the world’s fields of science, technology, and politics. He helped modernize the world and set it farther ahead into the future. Mendeleev also made studying chemistry easier, by creating a table with the elements and the atomic weights of them put in order by their properties.
The earliest knowledge of chemistry was in 3500 B.C in Egypt and Mesopotamia. Chemistry was concerned anything that was pottery, dyes or crafts that were developed but not considerable skills because no one truly understood its purpose. The basic idea of elements or compounds were first formulated by Greek philosopher during 500 to 300 B.C when people believed fire , water, earth, and air combined to form all living and non-living things. In the beginning of Christianity an ancient Egyptian and Greek philosopher were fused into the new ideas of science, starting with little experiments such as turning metal into gold or imitation of precious gems. Later on people such as Robert Boyle, Robert Hooke and John Mayow were just the few people who discovered specific things in history.
Sodium is an element on the periodic table with the chemical symbol as Na. Sodium, discovered by the English Chemist Sir Humphry Davy, is in the Alkali Metals group on the Periodic Table and it is a soft, silver/white color. Sodium, which is found in the Earth's crust, is important to society.
He put in order the elements while he was trying to write a textbook in Russian, based on the latest knowledge. He decided to write the textbook in two volumes. When he had completed Volume 1, he realized that he discussed only nine elements in that volume. At that time, the known elements were 63, which mean he had to discuss 54 elements in Volume 2. Mendeleev tried to find the correct way to talk about every element. He stared to write the properties of each element on pieces of cards. When he finished writing their properties he realized that if he put the elements according to the increase of their atomic weight he can group all elements in a small table where everything is explained with few signs. He successfully arranged the elements in a table and published it on 17th of February 1869 titled ‘An Attempt at a System of Elements, Based on Their Atomic Weight and Chemical Affinity’ (Baldwich, Clough, Greenbowe, 2008). The genius of Mendeleev’s table was that he predicted the existence of three previously unknown elements and their properties and had left gaps between the elements in his table. A few years after the discovery of the periodic table there were found all three elements, Mendeleev predicted (NNDB 2014). Despite the discovery of the periodic table, Mendeleev had not predicted the existence
The writings of some Greek philosophers may be considered to be among the very first chemical theories, such as the theory that all things are composed of air, earth, fire, and water. Each of these were represented by different elements, such as sulfur, salt, mercury, and, ideally, gold. Other ideas held by alchemists were that each of the known elements were represented by heavenly bodies. Gold was earth's representation of the sun, silver for the moon, mercury for the planet Mercury, copper for Venus, iron for Mars, tin for Jupiter, and lead for Saturn.
The Periodic Table is based around the Atomic Theory. Firstly people believed that everything was made up the four elements Earth, Fire, Wind, and Water. This theory evolved into everything being made up of atoms. Breakthroughs throughout history such as the discoveries of the nucleus, protons, neutrons and electrons have pushed this theory forward to where it is today.
Although the periodic table wasn’t formed until 1869 many studies were made previously into the structure of the atom. In 350 BC, Aristotle, a Greek philosopher, had a theory that all matter was made up of the elements; earth, fire, air and water.7 It was a belief of his that the lighter objects had less earth than the heaver ones. Democritus made studies soon after Aristotle’s statements about the behavior of atoms. Democritus believed that “The universe is composed of two elements: the atoms and the void in which they exist and move.” 6. Democritus proposed five key ideas about the way atoms move and exist.
Dalton’s atomic theory says that each element contained its own number of atoms. Each element had its own size and weight. Dalton’s idea said that all things are made of small bits of matter this bits of matter where too small to be seen even with a microscope. Scientist began to think these small bits of matter where responsible for chemical changes. They thought that when these bits of matter combined a chemical change took place. Dalton assumed that there was a special pattern in the elements and was partly responsible for the periodic table.
Then, in 1766 was born a man named John Dalton born in England. He is known as
The Periodic Table of Elements is commonly used today when studying elements. This table’s history begins in ancient times when Greek scientists first started discovering different elements. Over the years, many different forms of the periodic table have been made which set the basis for the modern table we use today. This table includes over 100 elements and are arranged by groups and periods. Groups being vertical columns and periods being horizontal columns. With all of the research conducted over the years and the organization of this table, it is easy to use when needed.
Scientists from earlier times helped influence the discoveries that lead to the development of atomic energy. In the late 1800’s, Dalton created the Atomic Theory which explains atoms, elements and compounds (Henderson 1). This was important to the study of and understanding of atoms to future scientists. The Atomic Theory was a list of scientific laws regarding atoms and their potential abilities. Roentagen, used Dalton’s findings and discovered x-rays which could pass through solid objects (Henderson 1). Although he did not discover radiation from the x-rays, he did help lay the foundations for electromagnetic waves. Shortly after Roentagen’s findings, J.J. Thompson discovered the electron which was responsible for defining the atom’s characteristics (Henderson 2). The electron helped scientists uncover why an atom responds to reactions the way it does and how it received its “personality”. Dalton’s, Roentagen’s and Thompson’s findings helped guide other scientists to discovering the uses of atomic energy and reactions. Such applications were discovered in the early 1900’s by using Einstein’s equation, which stated that if a chain reaction occurred, cheap, reliable energy could b...