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PRINCIPLE OF DIFFUSION AND OSMOSIS
diffusion and osmosis
diffusion and osmosis
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The overall purpose of the experiments in this lab was to introduce the function and structure of the plasma membrane, describe the workings of diffusion and osmosis, and to demonstrate how different factors such as particle size, temperature, and space of diffusion area affect the rate of diffusion. With the results from the experiments, it can be concluded that all of the factors listed do affect diffusion, and there may be many more than are unaccounted for. Through the osmosis experiment, it was clear that water moved into the cell due to a lack of water and an excess of solute; in the environment, there was an excess of water and a lack of solute. The biochemical testing relayed information about what minerals, particles, elements, or …show more content…
The same was true for diffusion in a liquid. The cold water diffused at a much slower rate than the room temperature water did. Though the gel and liquid are two different states of matter, the experiments both help solidify how diffusion works in different temperature settings. Diffusion in air allowed small particles to travel across a large distance until it was diffused across the entirety of the room. Due to the size of the particles, the spray was able to travel at a fairly fast rate to reach every individual at each table. The further away from the spray point a table was, though, the longer it took to smell the spray. The filtration experiment was vital to observe the way different sizes of particles diffuse or filter. The charcoal, which consisted of large particles, did not filter through, while the copper sulfate, which was very small in size, dissolved in the water (solvent) and diffused completely. Size is a major component to take into consideration when thinking about diffusion or …show more content…
The blood brain barrier is a major part of the body, the nervous system being the system that functions within this process (Ballabh et al. 2003). The barrier is a selective membrane that helps protect the brain from harmful substances in the blood (Ballabh et al. 2003) from getting into the brain and possibly harming the entire nervous system. Without the blood brain barrier, many different particles that are not meant to be in the brain could cause major issues and bring the body out of homeostasis. “It is therefore essential that the interface between the CNS and the peripheral circulatory system functions as a dynamic regulator of ion balance, a facilitator of nutrient transport, and a barrier to potentially harmful molecules” (Hawkins and Davis 2005). Just like a selectively permeable plasma membrane of a cell, both the kidney and the blood brain barrier help protect organs, maintain homeostasis throughout the body, and transfer nutrients that are needed for proper
However, only experiments IV “Effect of Copper Metal” and V “Effect of Temperature” had reasonable results, so copper metal and temperature are the more effective factors. The less effective factors are the changes in concentrations of "H" ^"+" ions and "C" _"2" "O" _"4" "H" _"2" particles. This observation is represented in experiments II “Effect of "H" ^"+ " Ions” and III “Effect of "C" _"2" "O" _"4" "H" _"2" Concentration.” Both runs 2B and 2C had the fastest times of 25 seconds and 86 seconds
1B. Given your knowledge of osmosis, will this cause the cells in the body to increase or decrease in size?
The purpose of the series of experiments in the lab was to in part one, see the relationship between surface area, volume, and the rate of diffusion, diffusion is the process of substances crossing the cell membrane). In part two it was to create manmade “cells” to help discover hypotonic (when t...
When a cell membrane is said to be selectively permeable, it means that the cell membrane controls what substances pass in and out through the membrane. This characteristic of cell membranes plays a great role in passive transport. Passive transport is the movement of substances across the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell. The energy for passive transport comes entirely from kinetic energy that the molecules have. The simplest type of passive transport is diffusion, which is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion
molecules go in and out of the cell. There is no net movement of water
Remember the Titans directed by Boaz Yakin in 2000. In Alexandria, Virginia in the year of 1971 for the first time three high schools are forced to integrate their students and faculties, two all white schools and one all black school to join together at TC Williams High School. The head football coach, Bill Yoast, at TC Williams is asked to step down from his long-term position and give the head coach title to Herman Boone, the first black faculty member the school has ever had. Herman Boone coaches an interracial team and is faced with the challenge of uniting the whole team, including the other coaches, despite what their views of either race are. Through many struggles along the way the team unites and just by a few seconds wins the state championships.
"The emergence of the basic paradigm for early diffusion research [was] created by two rural sociologists at Iowa State University, Bryce Ryan and Neal C. Gross" and gained recognition when they "published the results of their hybrid corn study"(Valente and Rogers, 1995, paragraph 1 ) in 1943. Post World War II agriculture experienced a boom in "technological innovation" and "as a result…U.S. farms became business enterprises rather than family-subsistence units…concerned with productivity, efficiency, competitiveness, and agricultural innovations"(Valente and Rogers, 1995, paragraph 11 ). These concerns lead to many agricultural studies based on the diffusion paradigm developed by Ryan and Gross. In their studies, Ryan and Gross were able to show that diffusion was a "social process through which subjective evaluations of an innovation spread from earlier to later adopters rather than one of rational, economic decision making" (Valente and Rogers, 1995, paragraph 22 ). From this they developed the paradigm for diffusion research, consisting of four parts: "(1) the innovation-decision process for an individual farmer, including the sequential stages of awareness, trial, and adoption; (2) the roles of information sources/channels about the innovation; (3) the S-shaped rate of adoption, a curve that was tested as to whether it fit a normal distribution; and (4) the personal, economic, and social characteristics of various adopter categories (i.e., classification of individuals on the basis of their relative earliness in adopting an innovation)"(Valente and Rogers, 1995, paragraph 23) Gabriel Tarde, a French sociologist in the early 1900s, "identified the S-shaped curve of the rate of adoption of an inno...
Without the BBB, undesirable molecules could freely diffuse from the capillaries to the fluid that surrounds the brain cells.
the gain or loss of water when samples of the tissue are placed in a
Cellular transport refers to the movement of compounds across a cell’s plasma membrane. The cell must be able to transport these compounds across the membrane in order to regulate the characteristics of this transport (Reece, 124). The plasma membrane is selectively permeable because of the molecular composition of the plasma membrane, the cell is selective about what comes in and out. (Physio ex 9.1). Cell transport is separated into two distinct aspects: passive transport and active transport. Passive transport refers to the movement of molecules between the interior and exterior of the cell through differences in concentration or pressure gradients. Active transport requires energy known as ATP (Adenosine Tri-phosphate) for the transport to occur.
The cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. One of its significance and unique characteristics is its ability to be selectively permeable with its plasma membrane. The outer membrane mechanisms transports through its bilayer which are important in maintaining homeostasis in the cells and the entire body. To further understand these mechanisms, five experiments were conducted. These experiments were conducted over simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmotic pressure, simulating filtration, and active transport. These studies were obtained by understanding the changing and observing the different variables of how they affect transport through the membrane.
Activity 3: Investigating Osmosis and Diffusion Through Nonliving Membranes. In this activity, through the use of dialysis sacs and varying concentrations of solutions, the movement of water and solutes will be observed through a semipermeable membrane. The gradients at which the solutes NaCl and glucose diffuse is unproportional to any other molecule, therefore they will proceed down their own gradients. However, the same is not true for water, whose concentration gradient is affected by solute ...
The purpose of this lab was to see firsthand the diffusion of a substance across a selectively permeable membrane. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration until both concentrations are equal, or as you could more professionally call it, equilibrium. This concept is one that we have been studying in depth currently in Biology class.
Transport across cell membranes also occurs by actively or passively. Active transport require to utilise cellular energy which exist in potential and kinetic in the form of ATP, in other to make use of protein pumps or engage actively, endo/exocytosis passive transport take place with
If a plant cell is places in a hypotonic solution the cell has a lower water concentration to that of the solution. Water will move into the cell by osmosis from a high water concentration outside the cell to a lower water concentration inside the cell through a selectively permeable membrane. The cell becomes turbid