1.1 Background of study A diffuser is a mechanical device that is designed to control the character of fluid at the entrance of a thermodynamic open system. It could be in the shape of round, rectangular and square. Diffusers are commonly used in heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems as a part of room air distribution subsystem, and serve several purposes as following, to deliver conditioned and ventilated air evenly, to distribute the flow of air in the desired directions, to create low velocity air movement in the occupied room and to enhance mixing of room air into the primary air being discharged (Eugene et al., 2011). Diffusers form an important component of many fluid machines, and investigations of the flow through diffusers are of paramount importance in understanding and improving their performance. Combined turning and diffusing flow contains much more complex flow, which requires special efforts in measuring/computing the overall system performance. For the design of ventilation and air-conditioning …show more content…
An improperly designed diffuser may lead to flow separation and excessive consumption of pumping power. It may also produce a flow misdistribution in the downstream, which is not acceptable in many applications. Moreover, a constraint of restricted length is often imposed on the design. As a result, designing the optimum shape of a diffuser had been the subject of investigation for many researchers during the last decade. The profile of a plane diffuser with given upstream width and length had been optimized to obtain the maximum static pressure rise by (Cabuk & Modi, 1992). The steady-state Navier–Stokes equation was used to model the flow through the diffuser considering 2-D, incompressible and laminar flow. A set of ad joint equations had been solved to get the direction and relative magnitude of change in the diffuser profile that leads to a higher pressure rise (Haftka & Madsen,
A pump is a device which is used to move the fluids, for example, the gases, the liquids and slurries. The pump transfer the volume through physical or mechanical action. The pumps are widely applied in the mechanical industry , pharmacy and domestic field. Positive displacement and centrifugal compose the two main types of pumps.
Pressure is a main factor in turbo chargers. Pressure is the force exerted on a surface divided by the area of the surface (force per unit area). Decreasing the volume increases the pressure. The average speed of the molecules do not change. If we increase the number of particles in a same volume, we expect the pressure to increase because there would be more frequent collisions between the particles and the walls of the space. Temperature is also very important. If the temperature of the gas increases, the speeds of the particles also increase. Pressure and volume are inversely proportional, (by Boyle’s Law) as one increases, the other must decrease. Gases want to flow from a high pressure area to a low pressure area. The greater the difference, the faster they flow. I...
* The air now enters the diffuser, which is nothing more than an area where the air can expand and lower it's velocity, thus increasing its pressure a little bit more.
Allows air to flow though the larynx and bronchi and divides air flow between the lungs and bronchioles.
Introduction to Aerodynamics Aerodynamics is the study of the motion of fluids in the gas state and bodies in motion relative to the fluid/air. In other words, the study of aerodynamics is the study of fluid dynamics specifically relating to air or the gas state of matter. When an object travels through fluid/air there are two types of flow characteristics that happen, laminar and turbulent. Laminar flow is a smooth, steady flow over a smooth surface and it has little disturbance. Intuition would lead to the belief that this type of air flow would be desirable.
Question: Discuss the importance of Relief Valves in the unit operations in detail, and give the design criteria/ parameters/ models available equations in the literature. Support your work by giving a typical example from the literature.
Changes in volume will be measured at five different temperature levels and compared. A chamber will be constructed using respiring material (peas) and a carbon dioxide absorbing agent. Gas volumes may be influenced by outside factors like air, pressure and temperature. A second chamber used as a control will be used to measure any changes due to air pressure or temp that are out of control. The Procedure:..
The dehumidifier helps reduce the amount of moisture and creates dry air of a certain area that this machine is being placed in, so this means that it can be used in many cities that are close to the equator. So the main issue which this technology can solve, are moist environments. And humid air can usually create moulds to grow on walls, and eventually make a person sick.
Lubricant is constantly circulated to and from a cooler part of the system, although lubricants may be used to warm as well as to cool when a regulated temperature is required. This circulating flow also determines the amount of heat that is carried away in any given unit of time. High flow systems can carry away a lot of heat and have the additional benefit of reducing the thermal stress on the
On a more scientific note I am interested in mechanics of fluids. This interest was enforced last year when I had the opportunity to attend a lecture on fluid mechanics at P&G. At the conference I greatly expanded my knowledge regarding the physical aspect of fluids and their properties. In last year's AS course we have met a topic in this field. I will be applying ideas and knowledge gathered from last year for this investigation.
Air and vapour handling equipment needs to be in place to get rid of vapour in case of solvent being a health hazard.
of the air spaces and drops the air pressure in the lungs so that air
2 Fast Internally Circulating Fluidized Bed. 3 Dual Fluidized Bed. 4 Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier. *Dry basis
Third, the liquid will enter to the expansion valve with the higher pressure and leaves with the low pressure.