Different Variables Changing the Rate of Reaction
To show that different variables can change the rate of
reactions e.g. make them faster or slower.
Theory: - That changing the variables in a reaction such as
concentration, temperature and surface area will increase or decrease
the rate of reaction. This would happen because, if you changed the
concentration of a solution to a higher concentration the rate of
reaction would increases, as there are more particles in the solution
which means the particles would collide more. As they are colliding
more, particles collide with the other substance making the reaction
time much farter and greater.
Low Concentration = Slower Reaction High Concentration = Faster
Reaction
Less Particles More Particles
Equipment:-
Chronicle Flask Measuring Cylinder
Gas syringe Beaker
Calcium Carbonate Stopwatch
Pestle and Mortar Boss and Clamp
Hydrochloric Acid Clamp stand
But and Tube Measuring Scales
Safety: - As acid and Bunsen's may be being used safety goggles should
be worn at all times and all hair tied back. As glass is being used
all bags should not be in the corridor and all should be careful when
handling glass in case of breakage. All science classroom safety rules
should be followed to ensure a safe environment.
Prediction: - In our experiment we shall be changing the concentration
of the solution, making the solution weaker and stronger. I predict
that when the solution has been weakened by water to make it less
concentrated the rate of reaction will be slower and weaker. This will
happen as there are less particles of hydrochloric acid reacting with
the calcium carbonate, the fewer amounts of particles the less amount
collisions with the calcium carbonate. Therefore when the hydrochloric
acid is strengthened by doubling the amount of hydrochloric acid and
adding it with the same amount of calcium carbonate the reaction will
be stronger and quicker. This will occur as there are more particles
in the solution reacting with the calcium carbonate, as there are more
particles in the solution the number in collisions will greatly
quickening the reaction time.
Method: - After all equipment has been collected and set up (e.g.
clamp stand), and all safety rules are followed. First weigh the
amount of calcium carbonate you will use i.e. 4g. Then decide if you
will change the surface area, doing this will quicken or slow down the
experiment. To change the surface area put your calcium carbonate in a
pestle and mortar and grind down the chips into a powder, small chips
or leave it in the size given. After you have decide and carried out
this put the calcium carbonate into the chronicle flask. Then decide
if you will change the concentration of the hydrochloric acid, to
10. Then wrap the ponytail into a really tight bun and secure with a rubber band. (See Figure 1.9)
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and it is necessary for the back of the gas syringe to be taken out,
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