Differences Of Emile Durkheim And Karl Marx

775 Words2 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Comparison of Marx and Durkheim

The concept of modernity, within a Western viewpoint highlights the transitional changes from traditional to modern societies, whereas the human experience is constructed into a framework which internalizes notions of freedom and individuality. Notions around modernity alters from the traditional world because of the forces of production that individualize the relations of workers in order to mold a society focused on the realms of production rather than the systems of power that are constructing labor as the only source of productivity and success in modern society. Focusing on the dynamic changes within society, industrialization, according to notable social theorists Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx, was the primary factor that led to the breakdown …show more content…

Industrialization can be defined as the social and technological changes within labor dynamics, which has rearranged the interactions among societies as a whole and how we understand ourselves within the labor system. His term anomie, references a social reaction to the breakup of social standards of control because of social unrest deriving from social, economic and political factors being rearranged by industrialization. This term anomie, relates to the transition of social cohesion to individuals, whereas Marx believes this development is a way for workers to develop a class consciousness, in which they realize the structures of power and work collectively to dismantle them, hence the manifestation of communism. So whereas Durkheim believes in the individuality

Show More
Related

  • Compare And Contrast Weber And Emheim Durkheim

    1215 Words  | 3 Pages

    Durkheim was concerned with what maintained the cohesion of social structures. He was a functionalist, he believed each aspect of society contributes to society 's stability and functioning as a whole. He theorised that society stayed united for two reasons “mechanical solidarity” and “organic solidarity.” Premodern societies were held together by mechanical solidarity, a type of social order maintained through a minimal division of labour and a common collective consciousness. Such societies permitted a low degree of individual autonomy, Social life was fixed and there was no sense of self. They had retributive legal systems so no individual action or deviance from the common conscience was tolerated. In industrialised modern societies Durkheim says Mechanical solidarity is replaced with organic solidarity. In organic solidarity capitalist societies their is a high division of labour which requires the specialisation of jobs people do, this allows for individual autonomy

    Read More

  • The Struggles of the Working Class 1860-1914,

    1295 Words  | 3 Pages

    The time period from 1860 to 1914 is defined by the surfacing of the "mass societies." The social order practically ignored the industrial proletariat and the foundation for a reform was laid. The industrial proletariat refers to all the workers who desperately depended on their wages. These people had absolutely no role in politics or in society in general. Even as late as 1860, the workers had to depend on themselves only to improve their social conditions. During the Industrial Revolution, as the number of machines mu...

    Read More

  • Rousseau, John Lock And Engels: The Enlightenment And The Enlightenment

    1286 Words  | 3 Pages

    This theory views history of human beings as a succession of modes of production to meet human material needs. This mode of production determines the social relation that would exist among a society. According to the theory, when a change in mode of production takes place, there will be a conflict “between the forces of production and the social relations of production” ("Marx And Historical Materialism")

    Read More

  • The Social Theory Of Karl Marx And Emile Durkheim

    624 Words  | 2 Pages

    Society, in simplest terms, is defined as a group of people who share a defined territory and a culture. In sociology, we take that definition a little further by arguing that society is also the social structure and interactions of that group of people. Social structure is the relatively enduring patterns of behavior and relationships within a society, not only between its members, but also with social institutions. According to those definitions, society seems a fairly concrete concept to comprehend. However, there are sociologists whom have their own theories about society in the aspects of the relationship between social classes, and class conflict. The German philosopher, economist and theorist Karl Marx has a fragmented and rather disconsolate view on society; while French functionalist and theorist Emile Durkheim looks at society more scientifically and wholesomely. Despite these profound differences of outlook, however, Marx and Durkheim were both centrally concerned with the emergence of modern capitalism, and in particular with the rise of the modern system of the division ...

    Read More

  • Marx and Durkheim’s View on the Benefits and Dangers of Modern Capitalism

    1978 Words  | 4 Pages

    Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Émile Durkheim (1858-1917) were sociologists who both existed throughout similar time periods of the 19th and early 20th centuries, resulting in both Marx, and Durkheim to be concerned about similar effects and impacts among society (Appelrouth and Edles: 20, 77). Marx’s main focus was on class distinctions among the bourgeoisie and proletariat, forces and relations of production, capital, surplus value, alienation, labour theory of value, exploitation and class consciousness (Appelrouth and Edles: 20). Whereas Durkheim’s main focus was on social facts, social solidarity – mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity, anomie, collective conscience, ritual, symbol, and collective representations (Appelrouth and Edles: 77). For the purpose of this essay, we will be focusing on the concerns that arised among Karl Marx and Émile Durkheim towards the benefits and dangers of modern capitalism. Marx and Durkheim’s concepts are comparable in the sense that Marx focuses on alienation and classes, which is similar to Durkheim’s concepts of anomie and the division of labour. The beginning of the Industrial Revolution and technological advances can be seen as a key factor that gave emergence to modern capitalism, as the economic system was based on private ownership, mass production, and increased profits, resulting in people to be separated based on class and the division of labour, later giving rise to alienation and anomie. In this essay, I will explore Karl Marx’s and Émile Durkheim’s evaluation of the benefits and dangers that came about with the rise of modern capitalism. Through these two theorists and sociologists, we can analyze, discuss, compare, critique, and come to understand how modern cap...

    Read More

  • Analyzing Philosophical Views: Kant, Marx and Burke

    1348 Words  | 3 Pages

    Notably, many philosophers and scholars believe that the past is a powerful stimulus that dictates a given country’s future. On the contrary, for some of them, the statement, “Do not allow yourself to be overawed by traditional beliefs and institutions. Slavish regard for the past prevents society from achieving a happier life,” seems very true. However, the past may not necessarily affect a society adversely. Indeed, philosophers such as Immanuel Kant, Karl Marx, and Edmund Burke have conflicted thoughts on the impact on traditions on a community’s future since Kant and Marx seemed to support the statement mentioned above while Burke was more conservative with this idea and believed that the

    Read More

  • Comparing Marx and Freud

    901 Words  | 2 Pages

    Marx views history as being determined by economics, which for him is the source of class differences. History is describe in The Communist Manifesto as a series of conflicts between oppressing classes and oppressed classes. According to this view of history, massive changes occur in a society when new technological capabilities allow a portion of the oppressed class to destroy the power of the oppressing class. Marx briefly traces the development of this through different periods, mentioning some of the various oppressed and oppressing classes, but points out that in earlier societies there were many differentiations of social classes. Marx sees the modern age as being distinguished from earlier periods by the simplifications of the class conflict, splitting up society into two great hostile groups: the bourgeoisie and the proletariat.

    Read More

  • Comparing The Concepts of Anomie and Alienation

    1049 Words  | 3 Pages

    Both have a sensation of the inner-self boredom wanting more than what they already have and will. never seem satisfied with what they get. Both Durkheim and Marx have many valid ideas, and their perceptions. provide a detailed insight into the nature of Anomie and Alienation. However, their work shows that their arguments are not always regular.

    Read More

  • Kuyper Against Marx

    1801 Words  | 4 Pages

    In Marx’s opinion, the cause of poverty has always been due to the struggle between social classes, with one class keeping its power by suppressing the other classes. He claims the opposing forces of the Industrial Age are the bourgeois and the proletarians. Marx describes the bourgeois as a middle class drunk on power. The bourgeois are the controllers of industrialization, the owners of the factories that abuse their workers and strip all human dignity away from them for pennies. Industry, Marx says, has made the proletariat working class only a tool for increasing the wealth of the bourgeoisie. Because the aim of the bourgeoisie is to increase their trade and wealth, it is necessary to exploit the worker to maximize profit. This, according to Marx, is why the labor of the proletariat continued to steadily increase while the wages of the proletariat continued to steadily decrease.

    Read More

  • The Working Class

    1573 Words  | 4 Pages

    The Industrial Revolution consisted of scientific innovations, a vast increase in industrial production, and a rapid growth of urban populations which consequently shaped a new social structure in the European continent. Initially in the late eighteenth century, the new industrialization period produced dominant bourgeoisie employers and a united men, women, and children workers. The continued increase of factories coupled with a need for employees made the Proletariats within a short period of time a large, underprivileged, hungry, and desperate for money. Meanwhile, their bourgeoisie employers grew authoritative and wealthy as production and profit soared. Despite the common ties between proletariat workers upon the outbreak of the revolution, by the later half of the nineteenth century, these once-unified workers had branched into distinctly different classes based on their skill level, while the working spheres of men and women grew increasingly isolated from one another.

    Read More

  • Marxism And Functionalism Essay

    1740 Words  | 4 Pages

    The working class are alienated from their work through their exploitation from the capitalists and see it as simply a means to an end. They seek solace in individualism and their free time therefore, are alienated from their labour. Marx believes the bourgeoisie are also alienated from society as the have lost their sense of humanity through the exploitation of their workers and their greed to fuel capitalism at all costs. This essay will now detail Emile Durkheim’s sociological perspective which is known as Functionalism. (Giddens & Sutton, 2013) explain that Durkheim primarily interested in the study of social facts such as institutions, social norms, technology, values, solidarity, laws and morality, these affect each other and affect people but in Durkheim’s opinion these social facts do not exist in individuals but in the social networks that people have formed. Durkheim had a strong interest in Solidarity which is what holds together society by the integration of individuals into social groups who share the same core values and

    Read More

  • Karl Marx's The Communist Manifesto

    1715 Words  | 4 Pages

    Marx views the rise of the bourgeoisie in Europe as the result of a couple of factors; firstly, he believes that, the initial elements of the bourgeoisie, were developed by the chartered burghers who evolved from the serfs of the medieval ages. Next, following the great colonization of the 16th and 17th centuries the market expanded, leading to a great need for increased production. This great demand could not be sufficed by the feudal guilds, as such they were replaced with manufacturing. However, the markets and the demand kept increasing and the manufacturing system could no longer keep up, as such it also was replaced, by Modern Industry. The Industrial Revolution of the late 18th century and th...

    Read More

  • Industrial Revolution Essay

    892 Words  | 2 Pages

    A movement of industrialization transformed nations everywhere. Many countries experienced social and economic prosperity in this period known as the Industrial Revolution. The people of these countries also experienced change (Jacob, par. 1-5). Prior to the revolution, life for many was much different, allowing for many changes to occur; innovations reached several countries involved in this movement, and the lives of the citizens were largely impacted both positively and negatively.

    Read More

  • Industrial Revolution Essay

    930 Words  | 2 Pages

    Industrial revolution – the general historical phenomenon characterizing a certain moment in the development of capitalism.

    Read More

  • Social And Social Impacts Of Industrialization And The Industrial Revolution

    1021 Words  | 3 Pages

    Industrialization is the process in which a society transforms itself from an agricultural society, farming, to a society based on manufacturing goods and services, using machinery. The Industrial Revolution acquired a colossal impact on societies, making forceful changes in the lives of individuals, and changing the social classes drastically, but not all classes benefited equally. Those who were lucky enough to be business owners or had the opportunity to obtain a better profession, were able to enjoy leisure time and comfort in many ways. Those who were uneducated and were limited to unskilled labor work, remained at the bottom of the economic ladder. Furthermore, the two classes that benefited from the Industrial Revolution were the “upper” and “middle” class, leaving the “lower” class to be the only one who suffers. In other words, the rich got richer, the middle class grew, and the poor remained poor. The deeper the Industrial Revolution grew, the more powerful the “upper” and “middle” class became. To remain at the top of the social ladder, the upper class had to continue being the wealthiest and most powerful.

    Read More

More about Differences Of Emile Durkheim And Karl Marx

Open Document