There are lots of dialects in Korean language. In South Korea, there are several dialects such as, Kangwon dialect, Kyeonggi dialect, Kyeongsang dialect, Jeonla dialect, Chungcheong dialect, and Jeju dialect. Also, there are dialects in North Korea, which are, Hamkyeong dialect, Pyeongan dialect, and Hwanghae dialect. I am going to cover only South Korea’s dialects in this paper.
Kangwon dialect can be distinguished into two big groups, Youngdong and Youngseo. Both groups use consonant of ㅏ(Ah), ㅐ(Eeh), ㅓ(Uh), ㅔ(Eeh), ㅗ(O), ㅘ(Wa), ㅜ(UOO), ㅟ(We), ㅡ(Eeuh), ㅣ(Ee) and vowels of ㄱ(G), ㄲ(GG), ㄴ(N), ㄷ(D), ㄸ(DD), ㄹ(R), ㅁ(M), ㅂ(B), ㅃ(BB), ㅅ(S), ㅆ(SS), ㅇ(O), ㅈ(J), ㅉ(JJ), ㅊ((CH), ㅋ(K), ㅌ(T), ㅍ(P), ㅎ(H). Interesting fact is even though Kangwon is region of South Korea, there are people in North Korea also uses this dialect because they are close enough to have similar intonation.
In Kangwon, the language and culture are a little bit different because there is a big mountain range called Taebaek Mountain Rage crossing right in the middle of Kangwon region. Yeongseo dialect is on the left side of mountains, and Yeongdong dialect is on the right side of mountains. Youngseo dialect is similar to Kyonggi dialect because the language and culture have been influenced by Kyonggi region. On the other hand, Yeongdong dialect can be considered to be related to the North-East region. Area nearby Kangreung still uses very heavy Kanagwon intonation, which disappeared in mid-16th century in Korean peninsula.
Kyeonggi dialect is the mother of modern Korean official language. Kyeonggi dialect uses ㅏ(Ah), ㅐ(Eeh), ㅓ(Uh), ㅔ(Eeh), ㅗ(O), ㅘ(Wa), ㅜ(UOO), ㅟ(We), ㅡ(Eeuh), ㅣ(Ee) of consonants and ㄱ(G), ㄲ(GG), ㄴ(N), ㄷ(D), ㄸ(DD), ㄹ(R), ㅁ(M), ㅂ(B), ㅃ(BB), ㅅ(S)...
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... Vowel structure is also different with people's age, people younger than 50 years speak vowel ㅔ(Eeh) and vowel ㅐ(Eeh) as vowel ㅔ(Eeh), and people younger than 40 years speak even more, they speak vowel ㅗ(O) and vowel ㆍ as vowel ㅗ(O). Some people speak vowel ㆍas vowel ㅏ(Ah) due to official language. In Jejumal, sound field, pitch, tone, accent are not used as distinguishing but it uses for expressing the speaker's feeling. Other regions, even official language uses sound field uses that Jejumal is somewhat different a lot with dialects in mainland. Words in Jejumal are most different compared with any other dialects. Jeju people lived long apart from mainland that made the most distinctive dialect. For instance, Harubang(Grandfather), Halmang(Grandmother), Jijibbai(Women), Jisil(Potato), Gamjeo(Sweet potato), Nang(Tree), Dosaegi(Pig), Honjeoopseoye(Welcome).
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