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Type Two Diabetes is the most common form of Diabetes.
Originally it was called Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes (This is because people with Type Two Diabetes can make their own insulin.)
Out of the 26 million Americans with diabetes, Type Two Diabetes affects 90% to 95%.
Even though people with Type Two Diabetes can produce their own insulin, their pancreas either does not make enough of it or their body cannot use the insulin well enough (insulin resistance).
Glycogen or fat gets stored, when insulin stimulates cells in the liver and muscles to remove sugar from the blood.
The pancreas releases insulin when glucose levels in blood rise after eating.
Insulin triggers cells throughout the body to take glucose out of the bloodstream.
Insulin ensures that excess glucose is stored for future use and also prevents the levels of glucose in the blood from rising too quickly.
The pancreas makes extra insulin to make up for the fact that the body is resistant to it or not making enough.
Over time it isn't able to keep up and can't make enough insulin to keep the blood glucose at normal levels.
This becomes a problem because when there isn’t enough insulin or the insulin is not used as it should be, glucose (sugar) can not get into the body’s cells.
The glucose builds up in the blood instead of going into cells and the body’s cells are not able to function properly.
Other problems associated with the buildup of glucose in the blood include:
-damage to the body
-dehydration
-Diabetic coma
A Diabetic coma occurs when a person with Type Two Diabetes becomes very ill or severely dehydrated and is not able to drink enough fluids to make up for the fluid losses. This causes unconsciousness.
Having dangerously high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) ...
... middle of paper ...
...t enough insulin
-Reduce blood glucose levels by improving insulin action and overcoming insulin resistance
Insulin is either injected with a syringe or delivered from an insulin pump. The goal is to copy the way the pancreas would produce and distribute insulin.
Treatment helps to keep glucose levels as close to normal as possible.
Normal glucose levels are:
90-130 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) before meals less than 180 mg/dl, two hours after meals
Depending on the treatment plan, people with Type Two Diabetes may check and record their blood sugar level once a day or several times a week.
The best way to prevent Type Two Diabetes is to maintain an active lifestyle and to keep your weight at a healthy level.
It is important to exercise at least 30 minutes a day (for adults) and 60 minutes a day (for children and teens) and eat a balanced, low fat diet.
... is a technique that monitors the glucose level without the use of needles. Another type of therapy is the artificial pancreas. It combines glucose sensing and insulin delivery through a closed loop system. Mimicking the human pancreas, this therapy would register the blood glucose levels and in response deliver the right amount of insulin.
-Also known as insulin-dependent diabetes (Morahan). Classified as a chronic condition in which the pancreas produces very little insulin. Insulin is responsible for allowing glucose to enter into the cells (Type 1 Diabetes: Diseases and Conditions). Without insulin, cells are not able to take in the necessary glucose. This usually occurs when the body’s immune system begins to destroy the insulin-producing islet cells in the pancreas.
Our body obtains the energy by digesting the carbohydrates into glucose. Volumes of glucose are required by the body to create ATP. ATP is short for 'Adenosine Triphosphate ' and is an energy carrier. When we consume too many carbohydrates our body produces a lot of glucose and as a result blood glucose levels rise and sometimes they may rise over the normal range of blood glucose concentration. To bring it back within the healthy range, the homeostatic system of blood glucose regulation is used. The blood flows through the pancreas where the beta cells, receptors, detect the high blood glucose level. To counteract this stimuli beta cells alert the control centre, which are also the beta cells located in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. The secretion of insulin has to be done quickly but can only be carried out when insulin gene is switched on. Turning on the insulin gene switch can take 30 minutes to an hour therefore, the production of insulin by beta cells are done in advance and are packaged in vesicles right until blood glucose rises. Glucose comes into the beta cell to trigger the vesicle that contains the insulin to move towards the plasma membrane and fuse. This releases the insulin into the bloodstream where they are distributed throughout the body and only affect specific target cells. The receptor, a protein, on the target cell’s plasma membrane recognises and connects
The pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus in is related to the insulin hormone. Insulin is secreted by cells in the pancreas and is responsible for regulating the level of glucose in the bloodstream. It also aids the body in breaking down the glucose to be used as energy. When someone suffers from diabetes, however, the body does not break down the glucose in the blood as a result of abnormal insulin metabolism. When there are elevated levels of glucose in the blood, it is known as hyperglycemia. If the levels continue to remain high over an extended period of time, damage can be done to the kidneys, cardiovascular systems; you can get eye disorders, or even cause nerve damage. When the glucose levels are low in one’s body, it is called hypoglycemia. A person begins to feel very jittery, and possibly dizzy. If that occurs over a period of time, the person can possibly faint. Diabetes mellitus occurs in three different forms - type 1, type 2, and gestational.
Diabetes Mellitus is a disease of the endocrine system primarily differentiated between type 1 and type 2. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas is unable to produce insulin and was previously seen in the younger generation which is no longer the case.1 Type 2 diabetes is the more prevalent of the two types and involves elevated blood sugar levels due to the insufficient production of insulin. Risk factors that make an individual higher risk for type 2 diabetes include increasing age, obesity, family history, a sedentary lifestyle.1,2 Innovative drug therapies for type 2 diabetes remain important for the treatment and reduction of the disease.
The effects of a disorder with insulin can be very grave because this hormone is very important to the body. First I would like to discuss Diabetes Type 1. This disease, also called juvenile diabetes, is usually diagnosed to children or young adults. Off all the people with diabetes, only five percent of the people have type one diabetes. 10Type one diabetes is a condition in which the immune system destroys the cells in the pancreas which produce insulin. Type 1 diabetes is not associated with lifestyle habit; and it is neither curable nor preventable. So you my reader could receive this disease and never know how you got it or how to prevent it! At least you can know when you get though. Some of the symptoms are excessive thirst and urination,
Diabetes is a disease in which a person’s body in unable to make or utilize insulin properly which affects blood sugar levels. Insulin is a hormone that is produced in the pancreas, which helps to regulate glucose (sugar) levels, break down carbohydrates and fats, and is essential to produce the body’s energy. The CDC (2013) offers reliable insight, summarized here, into the different types of diabetes, some causes, and health complications that may arise from the disease.
Most common people will see that they are suffering from type 2 diabetes. Unlike type 1 diabetes, type 2 is not because your immune system is attacking the insulin but is because your body simply does not produce the required insulin. 90% of people who have diabetes are diagnosed with type 2 (Medical News...
There are two types of diabetes. The type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is referred to as dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), or juvenile onset diabetes mellitus. The pancreas undergo an autoimmune attack by the body itself, and is rendered incapable of making insulin. It is in type 1 diabetes where abnormal antibodies are normally found. Antibodies are proteins in...
Type II diabetes is a serious problem that has been increasing over the years. The CDC predicts that by the year 2050 one in every three US adults could have diabetes. Type II diabetes, happens when the body gradually loses its ability to use or produce insulin, this is the leading cause of cases of diabetes. A person with diabetes has a lot of risk factors that come with this disease. Patients with diabetes have a two to four time greater chance of having a stroke and also having a heart disease related death. Diabetes is the leading cause of new blindness and non traumatic amputations.
There are two kinds of diabetes, type 1 and type 2, which have completely different meanings.
When the blood glucose is higher than the normal levels, this is known as diabetes disease. The body turns the food we eat into glucose or sugar and use it for energy. The insulin is a hormone created by the pancreas to help the glucose get into the cells. The sugar builds up in the blood because either the body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t well use its own insulin (CDC, 2015). In the United States diabetes is known as the seventh leading cause of death. There are different types of diabetes. However, there are two main types of diabetes and these are; Diabetes type 1 and Diabetes type 2 (CDC, 2015).
There are two main types of diabetes. The firsts is insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). In IDDM the body either doesn’t produce diabetes or produces very small amounts. The symptoms usually occur in teenagers under 20, usually around puberty. Untreated IDDM affects the metabolism of fat. Since the body can’t convert glucose into energy, it is broken down into fat and stored for energy. This also increases the amounts of ketone bodies in the blood, which interfere with respiration. The second type is called is non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). This is when the body doesn’t make enough insulin or is unable to use it. NIDDM is the most common of all diabetes; it makes up 90 to 95 percent of all cases. Scientists believe that in some people weight gain or obesity is what triggers their diabetes because 80 percent of people with diabetes are over weight.
Diabetes Mellitus is a disease in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body’s tissues absorb glucose which is sugar, so it can be used as a source of energy. Glucose levels build up in the blood and urine which causes excessive urination, thirst, hunger, and problems with fat and protein metabolism in a diabetic person. Diabetes is very common in the United States; it is the seventh leading cause of all deaths. Women have been diagnosed with diabetes more than men. There are two forms of diabetes, Type one and Type two diabetes. Type one diabetes is when the body does not produce insulin or produces it in very small quantities. This usually occurs in younger people under twenty years of age, mostly around puberty. Type two diabetes is when the body’s balance between insulin production and the ability of cells to use insulin doesn’t work properly. This is more common than type one; about 90-95% people in the United States have it. There are no cures for diabetes now but there are many researchers investigating factors through new technologies to cure them. Meanwhile, technological advancements are being made to keep glucose at a good level for diabetes.
The pancreas uses these two hormones in order to monitor blood glucose levels. After a meal, blood glucose usually rises. This is when insulin secretion will start (Nussey S, Whitehead S. “Endocrinology: An Integrated Approach”). Consequently, blood glucose decrease to the normal range. This is how insulin maintains blood levels when is high. However, when blood level falls below normal range, glucagon comes into play. Low blood glucose occurs usually when hungry and during exercise. This will then triggers glucagon secretion. When blood level falls, the body goes into imbalance. Hence is why in order to maintain homeostasis glucagon is crucial. The body will tell the pancreas to increase more glucose and the pancreas will secrete glucagon by taking glycogen from the liver to produce glucose. The glucose will produce energy and will make blood glucose concentration increase (Homeostasis of Insulin and Glucose, Abpischools.org). When the pancreas cannot maintain homeostasis, many problems will arise in the body. When the pancreas fails to produce insulin, type 1 and 2 diabetes can occur. For those with type 1 diabetes, insulin injections will be needed in order to regulate blood glucose level, otherwise, glucose levels will be out of control. For type 2 diabetes, they are not insulin dependent like type 1, however, the body does not create enough in the body. When blood glucose