3. From your knowledge of developmental psychology what predictions can you make about the effects of the experiences described on the victims identified in the articles?
(5 marks, 400 words)
In all four (04) articles presented the abuse were done by parent of the children who were trusted with their lives. As defined by The Free Dictionary, developmental psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the study of progressive behavioral changes in an individual from birth until death. (Dictionary 2014) Developmental psychologists study a wide range of theoretical areas, such as biological, social, emotion, and cognitive processes. Development does not just involve the biological and physical aspects of growth, but also the cognitive and social aspects associated with development throughout life. This includes all aspects of human growth, including physical, emotional, intellectual, social, perceptual, and personality development. (McLeod 2012)
According to Erick Erickson and Sigmund’s work they identified eight separate stages across the lifespan. Erickson believed that in...
McCoy, M. L., & Keen, S. M., (2009). Child abuse and neglect. New York: Psychology Press.
I believe Erickson’s phenomenological theory concerning the eight stages of psychosocial development was inherently designed to be very simplistic, yet impetus. Not only does Erickson’s work expand from Freud’s psychosexual stages of development but it has improved and broadened the concept and understanding (my opinion) of childhood development from a conscious perspective, thereby betiding core conflicts as a framework to support therapists for making appropriate interventions. Erickson’s stages seem to have built upon a systematic biological foundation of development. It makes sense. In life we all go through stages of life from conception to birth to adulthood and thus eldership. His theory demonstrates basic chronological characteristics.
To start examining these long-term affects, this article suggests that a committee be brought together with professionals of many different areas who work with the child and have observed their growth. Research should span across the child’s physical, mental, and behavioral health areas. Having professionals from many different disciplines allows for a wider expanse of knowledge of the development of a particular child. That child’s Pediatrician will be able to give information on the child’s physical health. The school-teacher would be able to provide information on the child’s social development. A psychologist would be able to provide information on the mental status of an abused child...
Erikson’s theory, developed in 1963, supports the idea that early life experiences impact an individual across their lifespan. This theory considers that the growth of an individual is a result of interaction with the environment, biological maturation and societal influences, therefore, allowing for experiences from early life, to influence an individual throughout their lifespan (White, Hayes, and Livesey, 2009). Erikson’s theory focuses on eight different developmental stages within a lifespan and in order to progress from one stage to another, an individual must overcome a potential crisis of two opposing forces at each stage. There are two types of resolution of each stage, successful and unsuccessful. If an individual is
Social psychology is a scientific study that studies how people think, feel, and how they behave under the influence of other people (Aronson, Wilson & Akert, 2013, p. 2). Thinking about what social influence really means, we tend to think of a person who tries to persuade another person to acting a certain way. It can be a form of peer pressure, like taking that first puff of a cigarette, or it can be conforming to popular societal views, such as obeying the law of the land. Fiction is a great way to learn about social psychological perspectives. Watching popular theatrical films is the perfect way to learn because it illustrates the application of many perceptions within the subject of social psychology.
In the world of cinema, there’s almost always a discussion regarding what scenes would be suitable for the grasping imagination of any audience, young or old. Alfred Hitchcock’s 1960 film, Psycho, sparked a plug for the movie industry as it was the first movie of its kind to display such graphic scenes of sex and violence to a worldwide audience.
Social and environmental variables affect cognitive development. Cognitive development focuses on the person’s ability to intellectually, perceive and process information. (35589) defined the cognitive ability as the process in which people learn, think and use language; it is the progression of their mental capacity from being irrational to rational (35589). Piaget and Vygotsky are two cognitive theorists who are interested in the cognitive development of a person across their life span and its relation with social and environmental factors. Piaget is the most known cognitive theorist who affected the world of psychology greatly, and was a great influence to many psychologists out there; however his main intention was the innate maturity process and, unlike Vygotsky, he underestimated the role of language and social interaction and his theory wasn’t useful in the teaching field.
A lack of child development can be caused through physical abuse which can include severe harm to an adolescent through violence involving kicking, hitting, burning, cutting or any other act that may leave a visible mark on a child’s body. Emotional abuse is trauma to a child in which they are open to a world of shame and humiliation instead of their parents of legal guardian loving, supporting, encouraging, and caring for them they are humiliated with excessively severe criticism, unnecessary isolation, causing severe guilt and causing fear or terror. Also Sexual abuse can often fall under both physical and emotional abuse due to the experience of multiple traumas. Furthermore all of the abuse leads to a lack of child development, and child development is a major and critical step needed to become an adult which for most children in the United States is eighteen and that age is for teenagers whom are believed to be capable of supporting themselves in this world ,but the chi...
.... The lack of caregiver’s attention to the positive aspects of stages can lead to a disaster later on in life. Each stage builds on top of each other, and with a uneven or rocky foundation, it becomes harder and harder for each layer on top to have the full effect it should. With the right environment and motivated parents, a child’s experiences at such a young age can really help them understand the world as they mature. Year after year, our world uses technology and research to help come up with new theories and experiments to try and learn more about our own species. However, Erik Erickson proved that as much as we think we know, and think we can learn in the future, development as a human being is unique to everyone. His theory is clear, it is precise, and it gives the ability for every person in the world to relate positively, or negatively, to every stage.
Nevertheless, Erikson’s eight stages of life are presumptions for understanding an individual’s entire life span. In the same manner, these eight stages aid individuals in finding his or her full identity or ego. Every individual will complete each stage at different levels because of his or her development. However, everyone will eventually discover his or her development from birth to death.
The purpose for this week’s assignment is to discuss cognitive development as it relates to the mental aging process of infancy through adolescence. As instructed in the assignment outline, I will choose and discuss three important cognitive functions and they are as followed; thinking, intelligence, and language. In addition, I will discuss Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development as it relates to the infancy stage through adolescence.
There are many types of diverse people classified under various categories. Some people have different types of personalities. They could be classified as extremely manipulative, others as impulsive, and some may not show anything on the outside and have wonderful social skills. These categories help in the understanding of humans. This study is called Psychology and there are many different subfields in this diverse study of the people around us. One subfield that is particularly interesting is personality psychology. Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation between individuals.
A child is considered an infant from the age of 2 to 12 months. From 12 months to 36 months this is considered the toddler years where the cognitive, emotional, and social development is great. The social emotional development occurs during early childhood where children experience different moods as well as expanding their social world by learning more about their emotions and other people. The social emotional development is a child's way of understanding the feelings of others, controlling their own feelings and behaviors and getting along with peers. The key to a successful emotional and social development are positive relationship with trusting and caring adults. The social and emotional development in infants and toddlers can have negative
Where do you think your personality came from? The nature vs. nurture has been going on for many, many years and will probably keep going on for many more years. The purpose of this debate is to determine which one has a bigger influence on personality. It is a proven fact that both nurture and nature have a huge role in contributing to your personality development. Identical twins have many similarities, but also many differences. Your personality can change while you are growing up. Studies have shown that your personality is based off your surroundings and how you grow up. In most cases nurture has a more stronger influence on your personality than nature does.
Overall I believe that Erikson was on the right path when talking about the different stages of life. I do believe that the timeline for everyone may be different though. If a person doesn’t make it through one stage with a positive outcome it may hinder them moving on to the next phase of life. Sometimes life throws curve balls that cannot be predicted by timelines and stages of development.