Deng Xiaoping

821 Words2 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Contributions of deng xiaoping's reform and opening up to china's development

Deng Xiaoping was born in 1904 on August 22. Deng was born in Guang’an, Sichuan to a peasant family. as a young man, Deng spent his time studying and working in France. During his time in France, Deng was influenced by Marxism-Leninism and joined the Communist Party of China in 1923. After his studies, Deng returned to China and joined the army of Feng Yuxiang. During his time in the military, Deng was part of the Fengtian’s attempt to prevent the break of the alliance between the Kuomintang and the Communists. Deng also led the Baise Uprising in Guangxi province against the Kuomintang government in 1929. After his military career, Deng lived in the city of Wuhan. Here, Deng first met Mao Zedong, who at the time was marginalized by others in the party. For two years, 1927 to 1929, Deng lived in Shanghai, here he married his first wife, Zhang Xiyuan. Throughout Deng’s younger life, he participated in the Long March in 1934, and lived through the Japanese invasion of 1937.

Deng Xiaoping believed in an economy that was market driven, by the natural ebbs and flows of supply and demand. This belief opposed Mao’s ideology, which centered on an economy completely dictated by the government and as a result Deng was banished twice to the countryside. Fearing that the reformist economic policies put on by Deng could lead to restoration of capitalism and end the Chinese Revolution, Mao launched the Cultural Revolution in 1966, during which Deng fell out of favor and was forced to retire from all his positions. During the Cultural Revolution, Deng and his family were targeted by Red Guards. In October 1969 Deng Xiaoping was sent to the Xinjian County Tractor Factory in rural Jiangxi province to work. It was only until 1974 when First Vice...

... middle of paper ...

...nd economic system underwent significant changes. The Four Modernizations was to goal of Deng’s reforms, the included advances in agriculture, industry, science and technology and the military. In 1989 Deng stepped down from his position as Chairman.

Overall Deng Xiaoping was the forerunner of China and transformed China into the country it is today. Deng is considered to be the "paramount leader" of China, and has been recognized as "the chief architect of China's economic reforms and China's socialist modernization". By stepping down from his position, Deng had broke previous tradition of holding offices for life. Deng died on 19 February 1997 shortly after his resignation from a lung infection and Parkinson's disease.

Works Cited

"Deng Xiaoping." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 01 Mar. 2013. Web. 06 Jan. 2014. .

Show More
Related

  • Mao Zedong Research Paper

    576 Words  | 2 Pages

    During the Cultural Revolution Mao Zedong , people also knew him as Mao Zedong Tse tung was the Chinese ruler. He ruled the country during this time known as Chairman of the Communist Party of China. Moa was very well educated in Western and Chinese traditions. During the year 1918 Mao Zedong had a job as a librarian assistant at Peking University. He would call himself a Marxist in the of 1920 and he helped found the current Chinese Communist party Communist formed an alliance during 1923 with a man called Sun Ya sen and his Nationalist party. After that Mao Zedong quit the current job he had as a teacher to become a poli...

    Read More

  • Jonathan Spence´s Mao Zedong

    1446 Words  | 3 Pages

    Jonathan Spence tells his readers of how Mao Zedong was a remarkable man to say the very least. He grew up a poor farm boy from a small rural town in Shaoshan, China. Mao was originally fated to be a farmer just as his father was. It was by chance that his young wife passed away and he was permitted to continue his education which he valued so greatly. Mao matured in a China that was undergoing a threat from foreign businesses and an unruly class of young people who wanted modernization. Throughout his school years and beyond Mao watched as the nation he lived in continued to change with the immense number of youth who began to westernize. Yet in classes he learned classical Chinese literature, poems, and history. Mao also attained a thorough knowledge of the modern and Western world. This great struggle between modern and classical Chinese is what can be attributed to most of the unrest in China during this time period. His education, determination and infectious personalit...

    Read More

  • Feng Ru

    632 Words  | 2 Pages

    Introduction(refer to pages 93-94): Many people had turning points. But not everyone had an impact on their country. Feng Ru from “Father of Chinese Aviation”, Jackie Robinson from “I never had it made”, and Melba Beals from “ Warriors Don’t Cry” all faced turning points and had an impact or their country. Aviation, Baseball, and schools were not the sam always 3 people named Feng Ru, Jackie Robinson, Melba Beals all had turning points in their lifetime and had an impact on their country or society.

    Read More

  • The Stanford Method of the Execution of Mayor Yin

    935 Words  | 2 Pages

    In a last ditch effort to gain political control over China, Chairman Mao Zedong, launched the Cultural Revolution. The effort was due to the changes he saw happening in the Soviet Union. To avoid becoming more like the Soviet model, the Cultural Revolution aimed at removing the “Old China” ways (Harper). Met with disdain and seeing that his party was failing at his mission he launched the Red Guards. The Red Guards were a group of militant high school students recruited for the sole means of spreading the word of Chairman Mao. The students were typically recruited by the use of posters in the schools and after recruitment the groups of students would travel to areas of China where they typically were unknown or didn’t have familial ties (Lieberthal).

    Read More

  • Ideologies of the Democracy Movement in China

    3349 Words  | 7 Pages

    After Deng Xiaoping gained power in 1978, a new political atmosphere was promised for the Chinese people. A promise of a free land with a modern economic state was made by Deng in order to gain public support. During Deng’s reign, a series of economic reforms were made. These reforms had major impacts on both the economy and the society of China.

    Read More

  • Mao Communist Revolution Case Study

    1094 Words  | 3 Pages

    The primary political goal was to change ideologies of the people from imperialism to communism through techniques such as thought reforms and re-education campaigns that urged people to believe in Mao’s vision of China and socialist ways of thinking, working and living by dedicating themselves to ‘serve the people’ instead of their own self-interest. From 1949, Mao established a communist political system influenced by Marxism, which was altered slightly over the years but still remaining the kind of system he wanted. However, changes made by leaders such as Deng Xiaoping after The Great Leap Forward introduced new right-wing capitalist policies, such as the encouragement of private markets, which would allow the Chinese economy to recover from The Great Leap Forward. These measures were sustained as the policies proved to increase productivity and growth. This threatened Mao’s views of the kind of socialist society he aimed to create and so he and the Communist Part of China (CCP) launched the 1966 Cultural Revolution to bring China back to its ‘pure’ socialist system. From this, it can be seen that Mao’s political goals of the 1949 Communist Revolution were achieved to some extent as a communist system was established. His goal, however, was not achieved to a full extent as changes made by Deng Xiaoping in 1966, changed his creation of a ‘pure’ communist system into a socialist system economically powered by

    Read More

  • Mao Zedong

    584 Words  | 2 Pages

    First Mao Zedong went through many events and travelled a long journey to establish The Peoples Republic of China. When Chiang Kai-shek, became the chairman of the Kuomintang he started a violent purge of the communists in China. At first Mao tried to fight back with an army of peasant but was handily defeated which forced the remnants of the army to retreat to the Jiangxi Province. ...

    Read More

  • The Future Of Currency

    3255 Words  | 7 Pages

    China's capitalism and boom was born when their president, Deng Xiaoping permitted the provinces to dismantle their communes and collective farms. This led China to venture into free-market economics, although they were still under the communist political system. When President Deng announced that they needed Western money and expertise, China flung their trade doors wide open and China went on a capitalist drive without ever looking back. By mid 1960's, the Chinese Revolution settled down to the job of ruling China. Its main goal was essentially nationalist: a prosperous modern economy. While there continued to exist substantially economic inequalities, distribution of wealth was probably a bit more equal than in most Western countries.

    Read More

  • Changes And Continuities In China 1900-1950

    587 Words  | 2 Pages

    Throughout, 1900- 1950 there were a number of changes and continuities in China. From the fall of the dynasties to the rise of the Communist Party, these changes shaped China’s government and society. Although, many political changes were made multiple continuities were held constant such as, consistent rebellions and the lack of democracy.

    Read More

  • Communism in China

    835 Words  | 2 Pages

    China has been ruled by the Communist Party ever since. It was the events between 1946 and 1964 that strengthened communism in China. At the end of World War II, the Nationalist Party (GMD) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) raced for power in China. The chairman of the Communist Party was Mao Zedong and their army was known as the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). The Nationalist’s were led by Chiang Kai-shek and their army was the Kuomintang.

    Read More

  • Mao's Cultural Revolution

    2649 Words  | 6 Pages

    The China that Mao was born into was fast becoming a shell of its former past.

    Read More

  • The Chinese Cultural Revolution

    1696 Words  | 4 Pages

    ...ng the time of the Chinese Cultural Revolution, mayhem was a part of everyday life. Mao Zedong encouraged rebellious actions from the Red Guards, and rewarded those who shone as leaders. He also targeted his political rivals by provoking the Red Guards to follow his ideas, and annihilate all remnants of china?s old culture. After the revolution ended, the Red guards received the disciplinary actions they deserved, and the tortured victims finally inadvertently received the vengeance they deserved.

    Read More

  • China's Development

    1177 Words  | 3 Pages

    When the new Chinese Government was set up in 1949, the new government faced a lot of problems. First on their agenda was how to re-build the country. As Communist Party of China (CPC) is a socialist party, their policies at the time were similar to that of the Soviet Union’s. Consequently, the CPC used a centrally planned strategy as its economic strategy when it first began. For a long time, the Chinese economy was a centrally planned economy in which none other than the state owned all companies. In fact, there were absolutely no entrepreneurs. As time went on, the problems of a centrally planned economy started to appear, such as low productivity, which was the key reason for restricting the development of China. With the population growing, the limitations of the centrally planned economy were clear. In 1978 China started its economic reform whose goal was to generate sufficient surplus value to finance the modernization of the Chinese economy. In the beginning, in the late 1970s and early 19...

    Read More

  • Mao Cultural Revolution

    1850 Words  | 4 Pages

    Mao resigned as president of the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) in April 1959 , after the Great Leap Forward, planning for Chinese production to “overtake Britain in 15 years”, failed and caused a widespread famine in China, where 20-30 million people starved. President Liu and General Secretary Deng began to restore China , while Mao remained ceremonial head of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Liu and Deng introduced many liberal and effective policies , which involved stepping back from communist ideals. Collectivisation and communal cafeterias were abandoned and peasants recommenced private, “capitalist” farming. They even rehabi...

    Read More

  • History of China under Mao Zedong

    546 Words  | 2 Pages

    History of China under Mao Zedong The Great Leap Forward programme was introduced in 1958 when Mao saw that a new middle class of "experts" growing up, calling the shots in high places of society. He also wanted to increase the country's production and catalyse industrialisation. Seeing an urgent need to lead China back to "true" Communism, he announced the "Great Leap Forward". The Great Leap Forward programme is said to be an economic failure, as it did not meet its initial aims.

    Read More

More about Deng Xiaoping

Open Document