2.2 TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
2.2.1 DEFINITION OF TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP
Transformational leadership is defined as a leadership strategy caused by the change of self and indirectly involved social processes. From this view, it creates valuable and positive changes in the followers with the objective of molding followers to become leaders (Damirch, Rahimi, & Seyyedi, 2011). Transformational leadership is the individualized consideration that the leader gives to his or her followers. A leader who listens attentively and pays close attention to follower’s needs help them to achieve their goal. This aspect of transformational leaders is closer to the concept of mentoring or coaching that encourages followers to take on more responsibility
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Transformational leadership behavior encourages followers to seek new approaches to challenges and to be more engaged with their work or within their organizations by considering each followers’ needs. From the political leaders’ perspective, the researcher found that there is a change in the beliefs, the necessities and the values of followers. It is a process of mutual awareness and rise (Burns, 1978 & Jha, 2014). Transformational leaders operate from a very deeply held personal value system. It refers to the values as end value which cannot be negotiated or exchange like instrumental values (Burns 1978 & Jha, 2014). According to the Hater and Bass (1988) and Yoa et al., (2014), transformational leadership has a powerful connection with the employees’ effectiveness and satisfaction than other leadership style. Transformational leaders are characterized to have a high-level of consideration, eager on building employees’ intrinsic motivation and improving their self-realization wish, so the employees can exceed beyond expectation of their work and not interested with the benefits in exchange (Bass, 1996; Yoa et al.,
It is concerned with emotions, values, ethics, standards, and long-term goals. It motivates a form of intelligence that moves followers to accomplish more of what is expected of them. (Northouse, 2016, pg.161). Transformational leadership can be used to influence people on a one to one level or to influence whole organizations and cultures. There’s a difference between transformational leadership and transactional leadership. Transactional leadership focuses more on leaders that uses gimmicks or promotions to get their followers to do certain things that they want. Transformational leadership, on the other hand, focuses more on connecting leaders with followers or employees to motivate and help them reach their full
The concept of transformational leadership relies on appropriate leadership approaches for mission success. AFDD 1-1 describes three leadership competencies: person, people/team, organization Effective leaders (tactical level) need to build face-to-face and interpersonal relationships that directly influence behavior and values. Effective leaders (operational level) need to build team dynamics for small groups and squadrons. Effective leaders (strategic level) need to build strategy and provide direction in a broad spectrum.
This model has been used over decades in research to chime in on the importance of knowing the behavior of leader’s and their effect on those who work for them. According to Brymer and Gray (2006), effective transformational leadership ensures a supportive culture and does not require boundaries and guidance. The concept of transformational leadership was created to bring together leaders and those who work for them, which in turn impact those in whom they serve because their personality is viewed in a positive
Leadership is a topic of great importance not only in military or organisational settings but all most in all settings which involves people. It’s a universal activity evident in humankind (Bass,1990). It is a wide and diverse field of knowledge. Leaders are individuals who help their followers or subordinates to carry out a particular task in an efficient and an effective manner. Researches on the topic of leaders and leadership have been taking place for past many decades. One of the more recent styles of leadership which has been considered to be very effective is the transformational leadership. It’s a concept explained by James McGregor Burns in 1978 who was influenced by the work of German sociologist Max Weber. The concept was then further refined and developed by Bernard.M.Bass. The whole concept of transformational leadership talks about how leaders can transform their followers into doing a task better than what is expected from them and how it can help in the betterment of the organisation and the followers. The purpose...
This is where transformational leaders excel in their roles as motivators and change agents; however, one characteristic that resonates most with followers is the leader’s ability to define vision and mission. Ballou (2015) used the analogy of an orchestra conductor possessing the musical score that provides the details for every participant in the ensemble. The ability of the leader to bring clarity to the vision enables followers to understand the ‘why’ of their hard work. While seemingly autocratic, followers accept direction from transformational leaders because they demonstrate selflessness and are most interested in the team’s success, not their own. These highly regarded traits can alleviate tension in diverse groups by focusing on the vision, not individual differences. While there are similarities between the servant and transformational leader, there are important differences as well. In the book, The Leadership Challenge (2002, p. 153), the authors suggested that transformational leadership affects not only the followers, but the leader as well, by raising each other to achieve the higher purposes of motivation and morality. Another vital component of transformational leadership is the fostering of participation when making decisions. It is never the intention of the leader to inject his or her opinion, especially at the onset of the process. This ability allows followers to arrive at consensus by encouraging team participation, which invites involvement and buy-in of the vision, while decreasing the likelihood of inter-team conflict. The true transformational leader inspires the team because they have achieved a high level of self-actualization, which allows them to encourage and recognize the achievements of others without feeling threatened. When followers are fortunate enough to be led by a transformational
Wright and Pandey researched and wrote“Transformational Leadership in the Public Sector: Does Structure Matter?”(2010). The duo contend that transformational leadership is a style that dictates the leader change the “attitude and assumptions” (2010) of his/her employees. This is accomplished through a series of events. First, the employer shares the expected organizational outcome creating a heightened sense of personal interest in “higher order needs” (Wright & Pandey, 2010). Second, the shift to transformational leadership creates a sense of defined loyalty which inspires employees to rise above their own needs and motivates him/her to do what is best for the business/company
Transformational leadership focuses on increasing employee motivation and engagement and attempts to link employees' sense of self with organizational values. This leadership style emphasizes leading by example, so followers can identify with the leader's vision and values.
There are many leadership theories that play an important role in the every day workforce. Some of the theories are successful in producing a strong and productive leader, while others lack the qualities required for the job. Out of the multitude of available theories out there, I feel that the Transformational Leadership Theory is the one that stands out as being the most successful. This theory is far from coercive and instead focuses on making a satisfied team that collaborates to form a productive work environment. An environment like this, ran by a top-notch leader, is needed for success.
In this time of transition and uncertainty, research suggests that transformational leadership is highly effective (Straight, 2006). Leadership research has drifted from emphasis on the competence of leaders to “manage change” to the ability to “transform” organizations. Transformational leaders have attributes and behaviors needed to successfully motivate and empower employees. According to Bernard Bass (1990), transformational leadership occurs when a leader transforms, or changes, his or her followers in three important ways that together result in followers trusting the leader, performing behaviors that contribute to the achievement of organizational goals, and being motivated to perform at a high level. Transformational leaders can achieve greater performance by stimulating innovative ways of thinking and transforming follower’s beliefs and aspirations. Maxwell (Maxwell, 2007) articulates that most of the time, influence is more important than formal power or authority. I agree with him. Influence is very important in organizational and co...
The transformational leadership theory was deemed an appealing based on individual beliefs regarding employee-leader relationships. With a focus on communication and motivation, transformational leaders promote positive change within
...eption, and laissez-faire.” (Northouse, 2013, P, 214) The pros with the transformational approach are that it put importance on the significance of followers in the leadership procedure and how they want followers to achieve more and have increased job satisfaction. The cons with the transformational approach are the validity of the MLQ, and how effectively it determines good transformational leaders. Some researchers have also claimed that transformational leadership could be used in damaging ways and would be result in negative outcomes for companies and organizations.
...selbein and Cohen, “organizations that take the time to teach leadership are far ahead of the competition. By becoming familiar with the transformational leadership approach and combining the four I's, managers can become effective leaders in the business world.” (1999, p. 263). Transformational leadership can be applied in one-on-one or group situations. Using this approach, the manager (leader) and the associates (followers) are “transformed” to enhance job performance and help the organization be more productive and successful. All of these leaders have the attributes mentioned here. History will decide the greater impact they had on society as it is being written every day. Therefore, the qualities of transformational leadership make the essence of transformational management and the key to successful management of transformational organizational changes.
Transformational leadership is one of the most popular leadership styles. According to Kendrick (2011), “Transformational leadership involves four factors: 1. idealized influence, 2. inspirational motivation, 3. intellectual stimulation, and 4. individual consideration.” These four factors make transformational leadership have an impact on followers. The goal of transformational leadership is to cause a positive change in individuals, help motivate them, and develop a leader within each individual.
Initially, transactional and transformational leadership are different in terms of implementation and its outcomes. However, transformational leadership was developed from transactional leadership (Downton, 1973). Bass (1985) defined transactional leadership as an exchange activity that leaders execute to motivate subordinates in order to achieve their tasks by giving out reward or punishment correspond with their performance. Additionally, active and passive management by exception are taken into account when it comes to misconception and faults. Bass (1985) stated that transformational leadership emphasizes the value of subordinates, encourages them to perform extra effort, and assures their comprehension on organization’s goals and objectives. Besides, idealised influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulatio...
Transformational leaders are needed to transform low performing organizations to acceptable to high performance. At other times, the leader is expected to move an organization from a crisis. In order to accomplish these tasks, the leader must overhaul the organization culture or subculture. This task is accomplished by nine ways of transforming others: 1. Raise others awareness. The leader makes others aware of the rewards and how to achieve them, i.e. pride in the job or financial incentives. 2. Help others look beyond self-interest. The transformational leader helps others to look at the “big picture” by describing an entire scenario, i.e. if we hire more employees to do x, we will have to make cuts in other areas. 3. Help people find self-fulfillment. The leader helps others not to focus on minor satisfactions, i.e. getting a job done before the deadline ...