Dealing With Guilt in Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter
analytical Essay
680 words
Dealing With Guilt in The Scarlet Letter
Throughout The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne attempted to expose the varying ways in which different people deal with lingering guilt from sins they have perpetrated. The contrasting characters of Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale ideally exemplified the differences in thought and behavior people have for guilt. Although they were both guilty of committing the same crime, these two individuals differed in that one punished themselves with physical and mental torture and the other chose to continue on with their life, devoting it to those less fortunate than they.
In order to show this difference in the two main characters, they both had to be put on relatively same grounds. Hawthorne achieved this by making them both involved in the same offense: adultery. Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale both resided in the same town and both knew the same people in the settlement. However, despite this effort for equality, it was impossible to make both characters play on the same level. For development and in...
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne exposed the varying ways in which different people deal with lingering guilt from sins they have perpetrated. hester prynne and arthur dimmesdale exemplified the differences in thought and behavior people have for guilt.
- Analyzes how hawthorne made hester prynne and arthur dimmesdale involved in the same offense: adultery.
- Analyzes how hester chose to deal with her guilt by helping others and becoming productive. she donated all of her earnings to the needy and sewed clothes for people.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne exposed the varying ways in which different people deal with lingering guilt from sins they have perpetrated. hester prynne and arthur dimmesdale exemplified the differences in thought and behavior people have for guilt.
- Analyzes how hawthorne made hester prynne and arthur dimmesdale involved in the same offense: adultery.
- Analyzes how hester chose to deal with her guilt by helping others and becoming productive. she donated all of her earnings to the needy and sewed clothes for people.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale, often portrayed in the book as a coward, chose not only to refrain from confessing, but continued to hide his secret for seven years.
- Compares hester prynne and arthur dimmesdale's views of guilt in the scarlet letter. both methods of dealing with guilt were honorable.
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- Scarlet Letter Guilt Essayanalytical essayGuilt is powerful thing. A person’s whole life can be destroyed seconds after being exposed to the strength of guilt. Even though admitting a sin can seem more difficult than not, that confession can often make a world of difference in the long run. In The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, Hester Prynne, and Reverend Dimmesdale, have two very different ways of dealing with guilt. These differences in action are what change the courses of their lives. The actions taken by one character are successful, though the actions of the other put his life in ruins. Hester confesses her sin in public, while Dimmesdale does not. This simple choice made causes a drastic change in each of their lives. When comparing the lives of Hester and Dimmesdale,
In this essay, the author
- Compares the lives of nathaniel hawthorne, hester prynne and reverend dimmesdale in the scarlet letter.
- Analyzes how hawthorne compares hester and dimmesdale with their journeys through the shame-filled emotions.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale doesn't admit his sin, which slowly ruins his life. he climbs the scaffold and invites hester and pearl to the stage with him.
- Compares the lives of nathaniel hawthorne, hester prynne and reverend dimmesdale in the scarlet letter.
- Analyzes how hawthorne compares hester and dimmesdale with their journeys through the shame-filled emotions.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale doesn't admit his sin, which slowly ruins his life. he climbs the scaffold and invites hester and pearl to the stage with him.
- Analyzes how hester and dimmesdale's guilt controls their actions and ability to make their own decisions.
- Analyzes how hester is the complete opposite of dimmesdale. she is thrilled to finally be leaving this town, and feels no remorse or ounce of regret.
- Analyzes how hester prynne and dimmesdale are two undeniably different human beings. the difference in hiding sin and turning to guilt shows how much it can take over a life.
- Analyzes how hawthorne shows how guilt eats away at a person's life in great detail by comparing hester prynne and reverend dimmesdale.
1824 wordsRead More - Guilt and Shame in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letteranalytical essayGuilt and shame haunt all three of the main characters in The Scarlet Letter, but how they each handle their sin will change their lives forever. Hester Prynne’s guilt is publicly exploited. She has to live with her shame for the rest of her life by wearing a scarlet letter on the breast of her gown. Arthur Dimmesdale, on the other hand, is just as guilty of adultery as Hester, but he allows his guilt to remain a secret. Instead of telling the people of his vile sin, the Reverend allows it to eat away at his rotting soul. The shame of what he has done slowly kills him. The last sinner in this guilty trio is Rodger Chillingworth. This evil man not only hides his true identity as Hester’s husband, but also mentally torments Arthur Dimmesdale. The vile physician offers his ‘help’ to the sickly Reverend, but he gives the exact opposite. Chillingworth inflicts daily, mental tortures upon Arthur Dimmesdale for seven long years, and he enjoys it. Hester, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth are all connected by their sins and shame, but what they do in regards to those sins is what sets them apart from each other.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how hester prynne, arthur dimmesdale, and rodger chillingworth are connected by their sins and shame.
- Analyzes how hester prynne suffers public humiliation and shame for her adulterous actions when she becomes pregnant without her husband.
- Analyzes how hester's scarlet letter reminds her daily of her guilt, and her illegitimate child pearl. she doesn't hide pearl, but she shows her child off to the world.
- Analyzes how hester prynne, arthur dimmesdale, and rodger chillingworth are connected by their sins and shame.
- Analyzes how hester prynne suffers public humiliation and shame for her adulterous actions when she becomes pregnant without her husband.
- Analyzes how hester's scarlet letter reminds her daily of her guilt, and her illegitimate child pearl. she doesn't hide pearl, but she shows her child off to the world.
- Analyzes how hester is publicly punished and shamed for their shared sin, but arthur keeps his involvement a secret. instead of confessing to the community, he lets his shameful deed eat away at his heart, soul, and body.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale's inward guilt destroys the reverend, making him a feeble, sick, old man. hester and arthur aren't the only people in the scarlet letter guilty of wicked sin.
- Analyzes how roger chillingworth hides his disgrace of having a disloyal wife and finds pleasure in tormenting the poor arthur dimmesdale. hester promises not to tell anyone that he is her real husband.
- Opines that chillingworth is a cruel and twisted man, responsible for the daily, mental torture of rev. arthur dimmesdale.
- Analyzes how chillingworth eats away at the reverend's very being, always searching arthur’s mind for a hint at his suspected, adulterous transgression.
- Analyzes how hester, dimmesdale, and chillingworth are all sinners, but they each handle their guilt in different ways. there is no true redemption, because there's no savior in the scarlet letter.
1108 wordsRead More - How Does Hester Prynne Change In The Scarlet Letteranalytical essayThe author of The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne, expressed ideas of love, passion, shame, and punishment throughout his 1800s based novel. Due to the fact that this novel was based in a Puritan time period, it brought many mental and sometimes physical difficulties for the main character, Hester Prynne. The Puritans solely believed in God and all of his rules. With that said, the author decided to illustrate the drama of Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale’s adultery in order to describe the change in Hester’s attitude. Because of the many events, adversities and struggles, Hester had a complete change in attitude from shame and embarrassment to love, proudness and satisfaction.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne, of the scarlet letter, expressed ideas of love, passion, shame, and punishment throughout his 1800s based novel.
- Analyzes how hester prynne is treated as a woman of shame, despite her promise to keep the secret of the father of her daughter pearl. she is despised by almost everyone and tries to hide.
- Analyzes how hester was publicly shamed, while arthur dimmesdale, who was also to blame for the adultery crime, was fighting within himself.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne, of the scarlet letter, expressed ideas of love, passion, shame, and punishment throughout his 1800s based novel.
- Analyzes how hester prynne is treated as a woman of shame, despite her promise to keep the secret of the father of her daughter pearl. she is despised by almost everyone and tries to hide.
- Analyzes how hester was publicly shamed, while arthur dimmesdale, who was also to blame for the adultery crime, was fighting within himself.
- Analyzes how the scarlet letter took the main character, hester prynne through struggles and made her into a strong woman that no one believed she could ever be.
742 wordsRead More - What Is The Theme Of Hester's Alienation In The Scarlet Letteranalytical essayThrough Hester’s own personal struggles with isolation and how it affects her outlook on life and the compassion she learns from the experience. And in addition, with other’s experience as well, such as Dimmesdale’s guilt and self-punishment. Alternatively, Hawthorne shows assumptions and strict moral values from the townspeople’s changing perspective on Hester and her scarlet letter, from a figure of shame and isolation to a brave and motherly figure. Above all Hawthorne shows both the good and the bad of Puritan society and its often misguided assumptions of character and rigid moral
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne negatively comments on puritan culture from hester's alienated point of view in his novel the scarlet letter.
- Analyzes how hawthorne shows disdain for puritan society through hester's alienation and how it affects other people in the town.
- Analyzes how hester's scarlet letter has a different effect on the townspeople, which changes as the novel progresses.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne negatively comments on puritan culture from hester's alienated point of view in his novel the scarlet letter.
- Analyzes how hawthorne shows disdain for puritan society through hester's alienation and how it affects other people in the town.
- Analyzes how hester's scarlet letter has a different effect on the townspeople, which changes as the novel progresses.
- Analyzes how hawthorne shows readers the assumptions and strict moral values hester's town has, and how it affects her outlook on life.
656 wordsRead More - The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, is a book that goes far into the lives of the main characters. After establishing the main characters--Hester, Pearl, Dimmesdale, and Chillingworth--he shows how each decision they made affects all the others. Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth all felt guilty at one point in the novel.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter goes into the lives of the main characters and shows how each decision affects all the others.
- Describes hester as a beautiful woman who had committed adultery. she was shamed by the scarlet a', which made people look at her differently, but she didn't care.
- Explains that hester's scarlet letter was meant to punish her for eternity. she was to wear it till she died and then it was going to be engraved on her tombstone.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter goes into the lives of the main characters and shows how each decision affects all the others.
- Describes hester as a beautiful woman who had committed adultery. she was shamed by the scarlet a', which made people look at her differently, but she didn't care.
- Explains that hester's scarlet letter was meant to punish her for eternity. she was to wear it till she died and then it was going to be engraved on her tombstone.
- Analyzes how roger chillingworth had a "slight deformity of the figure" which later reflected the transformation his soul would make.
- Analyzes how arthur dimmesdale, the minister and pearl's father, had no way to relieve his guilt. he could not show any emotion towards hester or pearl while in town, but he was passionate and openly accepted pearl as his daughter.
- Analyzes how hester and dimmesdale's adultery caused grief and torment to both them and chillingworth. nathaniel hawthorne thoroughly developed the main characters.
651 wordsRead More - Guilt in The Scarlett Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorneanalytical essay“For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.”(Romans 3:23). Since the beginning of time guilt has existed, and in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s, The Scarlet Letter, guilt illustrates itself through adultery involving Hester Prynne and Reverend Dimmesdale. Hester and Dimmesdale resided in New England during The Puritan Age and committed adultery while Hester’s husband was out of town. Hester’s sin did not go unnoticed, as her baby illuminated the situation. While Hester’s mister hid in the shadows, she was branded with a scarlet letter A for adultery as punishment for her sin. The scarlet letter was more than a piece of cloth over her chest; it was reminder to everyone around about Mrs. Prynne’s actions. Hawthorne uses biblical and spiritual allusions to argue that guilt causes individuals to change their lifestyles.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter illustrates guilt through adultery involving hester prynne and reverend dimmesdale.
- Analyzes how hawthorne uses allusions to the bible to argue the change in lifestyle brought forth by guilt. hester's suffrage from receiving the scarlet letter parallels the mark that was branded to cain when he killed his brother abel.
- Analyzes how hawthorne uses biblical allusions as evidence towards guilt changing dimmesdale’s lifestyle.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter illustrates guilt through adultery involving hester prynne and reverend dimmesdale.
- Analyzes how hawthorne uses allusions to the bible to argue the change in lifestyle brought forth by guilt. hester's suffrage from receiving the scarlet letter parallels the mark that was branded to cain when he killed his brother abel.
- Analyzes how hawthorne uses biblical allusions as evidence towards guilt changing dimmesdale’s lifestyle.
- Analyzes how hawthorne's allusions to the bible argue the lifestyles of sinners and their product were twisted due to their guilt. hester and dimmesdale attempted to ignore the changes brought forth in their lives, not realizing that guilt will instill itself in the possessor if they don't fight back.
774 wordsRead More - The Scarlet Letter is a novel about a Puritan woman who has committed adultery and must pay for her sin by wearing a scarlet “A'; on her bosom. The woman, Hester Prynne, must struggle through everyday life with the guilt of her sin. The novel is also about the suffering that is endured by not admitting to one’s wrongs. Reverend Mister Dimmesdale learns that secrecy only makes the guilt increase. Nathaniel Hawthorne is trying to display how guilt is the everlasting payment for sinful actions. The theme of guilt as reparation for sin in The Scarlet Letter is revealed through Nathaniel Hawthorne’s use of northeastern, colonial settings, various conflicts, and characters that must live with guilt for the sins they have committed.
In this essay, the author
- Narrates how hawthorne served as consul until 1857 when he resigned and moved to rome, italy. the marble fawn is published in 1860 and the family moves back to “the wayside' in concord.
- Analyzes how the theme of the scarlet letter is that guilt is reparation for sin. the characters display the guilt they feel because of the sinful actions they have committed.
- Analyzes how the setting of the scarlet letter is essential to the overall mood and tone of the novel.
- Narrates how hawthorne served as consul until 1857 when he resigned and moved to rome, italy. the marble fawn is published in 1860 and the family moves back to “the wayside' in concord.
- Analyzes how the theme of the scarlet letter is that guilt is reparation for sin. the characters display the guilt they feel because of the sinful actions they have committed.
- Analyzes how the setting of the scarlet letter is essential to the overall mood and tone of the novel.
- Explains that massachusetts bay is referred to by some as the eastern woodland region. the weather of this region adds to the suspense and eerie appeal of the novel.
- Analyzes how hester must deal with roger chillingworth, her husband, before she is released from jail. she knows that he is plotting against arthur dimmesdale, but she has promised him not to reveal his identity.
- Analyzes how the reverend arthur dimmesdale's situation is an example of man versus himself conflict.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale deals with man versus man conflict when he must stand up to chillingworth's constant bombardment of guilt-incurring statements.
- Analyzes how pearl faces man versus society conflicts when she is shunned and ridiculed by the puritan society.
- Explains that most of the men versus society conflicts in the scarlet letter are the result of puritan beliefs and customs.
- Analyzes how hawthorne's satiric portrayal of the salem community can be accredited to his personal antitranscendentalistic beliefs.
- Analyzes how chillingworth's character undergoes dramatic changes both inside and outside.
- Analyzes how chillingworth is depicted as the antagonist in this novel due to his infliction of guilt.
- Analyzes how hester prynne displays liberal beliefs in a fiercely conservative environment. she objects to many of the puritan beliefs that are dear to her fellow citizens of salem.
- Compares dimmesdale to an important figure in greek mythology when ragussis writes that he is a criminal and hypocrite.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale's mental stress causes a physical deterioration. he is untruthful to his congregation at the salem church.
- Analyzes how pearl is the ultimate heroine in the novel. she overcomes the adversity of her birth to eventually be accepted by her father.
- Analyzes nathaniel hawthorne's use of northeastern, colonial settings, various conflicts, and characters that must live with guilt for the sins they have committed.
- Analyzes how kaul sums up the theme of the novel by saying that love, a power found only in heaven, could have cured the sores of guilt that the characters displayed.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's elaborately descriptive writing style has been negatively criticized and disapproved of.
- Explains that nathaniel hawthorne added the “w'; to his last name in an effort to distance him from historical ancestors.
- Narrates how hawthorne and sophia marry and move to concord, massachusetts, where they rent a house called the 'old manse' from ralph waldo emerson.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne uses conflict throughout the novel to accentuate the theme of man versus society. hester's guilt creates an impenetrable barrier that separates her from the community that will eventually forgive her.
- Analyzes how the young minister is tortured mercilessly, but he is still afraid of what would happen to him. he confesses his sin to the world, spoiling chillingworth's revenge.
5513 wordsRead More - Guilt And Shame Essayanalytical essayNathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter tells the story of a puritan community living in 17th century Boston, and how they deal with the aftermath of an act of adultery committed by Hester Prynne with an unnamed man. Hawthorne’s story deals with the themes of guilt and shame, and the effect that these forces have on the novel’s characters. Of the characters that are introduced in the novel, Hester Prynne represents and suffers from guilt; while Dimmesdale represents and suffers from shame.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how hester refuses to let the public shaming ruin her own view of herself. she recognizes that she cannot hide her crime and so embraces the fact that her action was wrong.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale, in contrast to hester's feelings of guilt, experiences intense emotional anguish and self-destructive attitude because his emotions are dictated by his transgression.
- Analyzes how hawthorne shows that suffering from wrongdoing is a direct result of how one rationalizes and accepts the consequences of their actions.
- Analyzes how hester refuses to let the public shaming ruin her own view of herself. she recognizes that she cannot hide her crime and so embraces the fact that her action was wrong.
- Analyzes how dimmesdale, in contrast to hester's feelings of guilt, experiences intense emotional anguish and self-destructive attitude because his emotions are dictated by his transgression.
- Analyzes how hawthorne shows that suffering from wrongdoing is a direct result of how one rationalizes and accepts the consequences of their actions.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter deals with the themes of guilt and shame, and the effect that these forces have on the novel’s characters.
1021 wordsRead More - The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorneanalytical essayThere are many different portrayed ideas of sin, guilt, and forgiveness in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter. Through the characters, Hester Prynne, Arthur Dimmesdale, and Roger Chillingworth, we see a constant theme of their empowerment and struggle through the oppressing patriarchal society. These three characters clearly went through their own version’s of sin, guilt, and forgiveness throughout the novel and I will now explain his/her reactions to the challenges of the situation.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes the different portrayed ideas of sin, guilt, and forgiveness in nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter.
- Analyzes how hester's actions during the first chapter of the novel exemplify feminist beliefs and shape her into an independent character.
- Analyzes how reverend dimmesdale collapses in hester's arms and shows signs of forgiveness at the end of the novel.
- Analyzes the different portrayed ideas of sin, guilt, and forgiveness in nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter.
- Analyzes how hester's actions during the first chapter of the novel exemplify feminist beliefs and shape her into an independent character.
- Analyzes how reverend dimmesdale collapses in hester's arms and shows signs of forgiveness at the end of the novel.
- Analyzes how roger chillingworth plots against hester prynne and arthur dimmesdale, who becomes an embodiment of evil, as his physical manifestation shifts.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne's the scarlet letter was a great story about how harsh and powerful puritan times were.
847 wordsRead More - Deceit, Despair and Dejection in Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter and Anderson's Speakanalytical essayIn The Scarlet Letter, the main characters Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth, and Reverend Arthur Dimmesdale are tangled in a web of deceit, which is the result of a sin as deadly as the Grimm Reaper himself: adultery. Nathaniel Hawthorne, the author of The Scarlet Letter, describes the feeling of deceit using the main characters; for each of the cast the reaction to the deceit is different, thus the reader realizes the way a person reacts to a feeling differs between each character.
In this essay, the author
- Analyzes how the scarlet letter by nathaniel hawthorne and speak by laurie halse anderson are examples of authors who master the art of capturing emotions within the characters.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne, of the scarlet letter, describes the feeling of deceit using the main characters.
- Analyzes how chillingworth's deceit and reaction is the polar opposite of the reaction from hester prynne.
- Analyzes how the scarlet letter by nathaniel hawthorne and speak by laurie halse anderson are examples of authors who master the art of capturing emotions within the characters.
- Analyzes how nathaniel hawthorne, of the scarlet letter, describes the feeling of deceit using the main characters.
- Analyzes how chillingworth's deceit and reaction is the polar opposite of the reaction from hester prynne.
- Analyzes how laurie anderson used a different route to make her main character, melinda, feel of deceit real to the reader.
- Analyzes how hawthorne used arthur dimmesdale as an example of how people feel despair in a time when their future looks melancholy and oppressive.
- Analyzes how anderson used melinda's despair to explain how a person reacts with despair when trouble times are thrust upon them.
- Analyzes how hawthorne fashioned hester prynne as an example of how closely deceit, despair, and dejection concur with each other and how a person responds.
- Analyzes how anderson's approach to dejection and how her character responded is slightly different from hawthorne’s hester prynne.
- Analyzes how hawthorne and anderson ensnared the feelings of deceit, despair, and dejection into their extraordinary characters.
1212 wordsRead More - The Distinguishing between Hester and Dimmesdale in Nathanielargumentative essayBoth Hester and Dimmesdale, are characters in the Scarlet Letter. They suffer with the guilt of the sin of adultery that they committed. At the time, the Puritans looked down on this type of sin. Hester and Dimmesdale can be compared and contrast in the way they handled their scarlet letter, their cowardliness, and their belief of what the afterlife is.
In this essay, the author
- Compares the courage of hester and dimmesdale, who are afraid of the public and what they would think of them.
- Compares hester and dimmesdale in the scarlet letter. they suffer with the guilt of the sin of adultery that they committed.
- Analyzes how hester's view of the afterlife is one in which both she and dimmesdale will live with each other. their lives are good examples of what could happen between human relationships.
- Compares the courage of hester and dimmesdale, who are afraid of the public and what they would think of them.
- Compares hester and dimmesdale in the scarlet letter. they suffer with the guilt of the sin of adultery that they committed.
- Analyzes how hester's view of the afterlife is one in which both she and dimmesdale will live with each other. their lives are good examples of what could happen between human relationships.
- Cites hawthorne, nathaniel, loring, george bailey, and gross, semour, et al., in the scarlet letter.
737 wordsRead More - Difference Between Magna Cartaanalytical essayThe Magna Carta of 1215 laid down the rights of English Citizens. Similarly, to how the U.S Constitution does the same thing for American Citizens. Many of the rights found in the Magna Carta can be found in our Constitution. There is, however, a difference between the two documents, relating to how and why they were formed. England played an important role in the formation of both of these papers.
In this essay, the author
- Explains that the magna carta of 1215 laid down the rights of english citizens, whereas the u.s constitution does the same thing for american citizens.
- Explains that king john i was forced to sign the magna carta of 1215, which gives power away from the king and gives more power to the common people. due process of law and habeas corpus are key rights.
- Explains that habeas corpus is a right that evolved from due process of law.
- Explains that the magna carta of 1215 laid down the rights of english citizens, whereas the u.s constitution does the same thing for american citizens.
- Explains that king john i was forced to sign the magna carta of 1215, which gives power away from the king and gives more power to the common people. due process of law and habeas corpus are key rights.
- Explains that habeas corpus is a right that evolved from due process of law.
- Explains that the american constitution borrows rights from the english magna carta of 1215. the united states constitution establishes the nation as a whole and its rights.
- Concludes that the magna carta of 1215 and the united states constitution hold many similar rights. both protect and ensure equal and lawful treatment of all of their citizens.
- Analyzes how the development of gaining and losing power over a considerably long period of time can be marked by important events and different kings in both england and france. both french and english rulers have shaped the way royal power developed.
- Explains that monarchs had limited power during the early middle ages, and the nobles and churches held equal or greater amounts of power than the king. however, in 1066, the power of the english crown starts to shift.
- Explains that harold godwinson, harold hardrada and duke william of normandy have at least one legitimate claim to the throne.
- Analyzes how henry ii changed the power base from normandy to anjou and created a functional and independent judicial court that was based on law and carried out by the royal court. his last plan to achieve power failed causing him to lose credibility.
- Analyzes how henry's youngest son john "lackland" suffered severe debt from his brother and lost normandy and anjou to philip ii. pope innocent iii and john have an argument over the archbishop of canterbury.
- Explains that the power development in france began in 987 with the election of hugh capet as the french king.
- Explains that louis ix was a deeply religious man who persecuted heretics and jews and led two crusades against muslims. he improved royal government, outlawed private wars, and ended serfdom in his private domain.
- Concludes that the development of royal power in both england and france during the high middle ages changed dramatically. all french and english monarchs either gain or lose power over this considerable long period.
1599 wordsRead More