Data Mining in a Nut Shell
In today’s business world, information about the customer is a necessity for a businesses trying to maximize its profits. A new, and important, tool in gaining this knowledge is Data Mining. Data Mining is a set of automated procedures used to find previously unknown patterns and relationships in data. These patterns and relationships, once extracted, can be used to make valid predictions about the behavior of the customer.
Data Mining is generally used for four main tasks: (1) to improve the process of making new customers and retaining customers; (2) to reduce fraud; (3) to identify internal wastefulness and deal with that wastefulness in operations, and (4) to chart unexplored areas of the internet (Cavoukian). The fulfillment of these tasks can be enhanced if appropriate data has been collected and if that data is stored in a data warehouse. According to Stanford University, "A Data Warehouse is a repository of integrated information, available for queries and analysis. Data and information are extracted from heterogeneous sources as they are generated....This makes it much easier and more efficient to run queries over data that originally came from different sources." When data about an organization’s practices is easier to access, it becomes more economical to mine. “Without the pool of validated and scrubbed data that a data warehouse provides, the data mining process requires considerable additional effort to pre-process the data” (SAS Institute).
There are several different types of models and algorithms used to “mine” the data. These include, but are not limited to, neural networks, decision trees, rule induction, boosting, and genetic algorithms.
Neural networks are physical cellular systems which can acquire, store, and
utilize experiential knowledge (Zurada). Neural networks offer a way to efficiently model large and complex problems. Decision trees are diagrams used for making decisions in business or computer programming. Branches are used to represent choices with associated risks, costs, results, or probabilities. Rule induction is a way of deriving a set of rules to classify cases (Two Crows). These set of rules differ from those in a decision tree in that they are independent from one another. Boosting is a technique in which multiple random samples of data are taken and a...
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...networks, fuzzy logic and genetic algorithms. http://www.partek.com/
. MIT WINROSA WINROSA is a software tool which generates automatically Fuzzy If-Then Rules from your data. The generated data set can be run by most of the existing fuzzy tools like e.g. DataEngine, fuzzyTECH, and Matlab. http://www.mitgmbh.de/
Attar Software XpertRule Data Mining using high performance parallel SQL technologyA Windows PC client being able to intelligently query the data source on the host server can achieve knowledge Induction. The speed of the process is therefore dependant upon the server - not the speed of the client PC. This allows data mining to exploit the speed offered by MPP servers (Massive Parallel Processors) and database architectures that are optimized for serving queries. http://www.attar.com/
Works Cited
Cavoukian, Ann, Ph.D. “Data Mining: Staking a Claim on Your Privacy.” Jan. 1998
Pryke, Andy. “The Data Mine.” 23 Sep. 1998
SAS Institute Inc. “Data Mining.” 12 Jan. 2000
Two Crows Co. “Introduction to Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery.” 1999
Zurada, J.M. (1992), Introduction To Artificial Neural Systems,
Boston: PWS Publishing Company, p. xv:
As a conclusion, Rwanda and Bosnia genocide was about ethnic conflicts for gaining power or for land, mass murders, area destructions, civilians deaths, hiding evidence and many more. Also genocide has different stages to categories its specification such as classification, symbolisms, discrimination, dehumanization, extermination, preparation and many more. As the end of genocide there were deaths of some ethnic groups too which are hardly found or known as minority groups. We should further inspire and encourage future world people to prevent such a tragedy like the Rwanda and Bosnia and other genocide conflict from ever happening again.
...ire scenes. The case of Tight Shoes Inc. seems to be pretty obvious as I read it, but I can’t image an arson fire that is not obvious. Interviewing the right people and asking the right questions is just as important if not more than finding physical evidence. Being a people’s person and coaxing the right responses is an under stated in the job title of fire investigator. After following the five steps of comprehensive incendiary investigation and finding and asking the right questions to the interviewee will help secure a solid case against an arsonist.
Genocide, the systematic and planned extermination of an entire national, racial, political, or ethnic group. From 1992-1995 that was happening in Bosnia-Herzegovina. In the Republic of Bosnia-Herzegovina, conflict between the three main ethnic groups, the Serbs, Croats, and Muslims, resulted in genocide committed by the Serbs against the Muslims in Bosnia.
Brenda Katten who is the chairman of the Zionist Federation said that, “As Jews, we are quite horrified at what is going on: we lost a lot of our people in the 1930s because the gates were closed on us- What is sad, is that we don’t learn from our history.” (3) This seems to be the recurring theme about genocides: They happen and are an immense tragedy but yet they continue to happen throughout time and all over the world. In the Bosnian genocide in 1992-1998, another group was was exterminate by a group for specific reasons. In this case, an estimated 200,000 Bosnian civilians were killed (2) by Serbians. But all of this conflict can be traced back to the resolutions which transpired at the end of the second world war. (1) After Bosnia-Herzegovina, Serbia, and Croatia became apart of Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia, when the Yugoslav leader Josip Broz Tito died in 1980, the union between the several countries under the Yugoslav power seemed to be threatened to separate. When a Serbian leader, Slobodan Milosevic provoked a dissatisfaction between Serbians in Bosnia and Croatia and their Bosnian and Croatian neighbors, lead to an insuming war. When Milosevic was elected president of the republic of Serbia in 1989, an oncoming movement violent uprisings of several Serb nationalist political parties in neighboring Croatia. These events frightened the other members of Federal People’s Republic of Yugoslavia, which lead to their uncertainty towards the future of the republic that had just recently been established. As fears engulfed many civilians, a large population of non Bosnian Serbians began to not only boycott the voting of Milosevic, but urge others to take similar measures in March of 1992. These actions lead to the sec...
After understanding the possible outcomes and usages of Big Data Mining and Analytics, the study of the process is necessary to identify the real possibilities behind this techniques and how this can improve a business performance. To do this; we should comprehend the basics about data mining and the process that leads from pure data to insights.
Offed tells us that, “We learned to lip-read, our heads flat on the beds, turned sideways, watching each other's mouths. In this way we exchanged names from bed to bed: Alma. Janine. Dolores. Moira. June (4).” Although they were prohibited from using their real names they found ways to undermine the authority and use their real names. The Handmaids cannot use their real names and have to use the names of their commanders. Their identity is being controlled because every Handmaid has to identify them as the commander’s name. They were taken from their own identity and given new ones. Offred says “My name isn't Offred, I have another name, which nobody uses now because it's forbidden. I tell myself it doesn't matter, your name is like your telephone number, useful only to others; but what I tell myself is wrong, it does matter. I keep the knowledge of this name like something hidden, some treasure I’ll come back to dig up, one day (Atwood 84).” She has hope that it will end some day and she can then use her real name. She compares her name with a phone number to show that now her name does not hold or represent much anymore. With time people start to take their new names or identity. They do not allow communication between certain groups like the Marthas and the Handmaids because by doing so it would prevent any sort of resistance from both if there is any
Big Data, Predictive Analytics and Data Mining have other important applications that do not embody direct impact over managerial strategy in a company; nonetheless, they represent a significant tool in society. These include the successful use of Big Data in astronomy (e.g., the Sloan Digital Sky Survey of telescopic information), politics (e.g., a political campaign focused on people most likely to support a candidate based on social networks or web searches) (Murdoch and Detsky, 2013), and education, where Data Mining offers educational institutions additional approaches to improve graduation rates of students, students' success and learning outcomes, through prediction, cluster analysis, association and classification by info-data informatics tools (Beikzadeh, Phon-Amnuaisuk, and Delavari, 2008).
Machine learning is the concept of computer intelligence learning on its own through large amounts of data inputted by people. This form of technology is sometimes confused with artificial intelligence, which is also known as AI. AI is an advance form of machine learning capable of making intelligence decisions. An example of this would be Facebooks Alice and Bob AI Robots, which were able to create their own language. Sadly, Facebook shutdown these two AI robots because they created their own language without their creator’s knowledge. Furthermore, machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence that is widely used throughout the world.
This chapter gives the overview of the Association Rule Mining. It gives the importance of the Market Basket Analysis and its usefulness in increasing the sales of the supermarket. This chapter also provides an overview of the data mining process used in market basket analysis and the proposed approaches. The works of a few scientists are cited and utilized as proof to confidence the ideas clarified in the theory. Every such proof utilized is recorded as a part of the reference area of this thesis.
What are some of the fire anomalies an arson investigator will look for during an investigation?
Generally, data mining can be associated with classes and concepts. data mining (sometimes called data or knowledge discovery) is the process of analyzing data from different perspectives and summarizing it into useful information - information that can be used to increase revenue, cuts costs, or both. Data mining software is the best analytical tools for analyzing data. It allows users to analyze data from many different dimensions or angles, categorize it, and summarize the relationships identified. Technically, data mining is the process of finding correlations or patterns among the dozen fields in large relational databases.
...gue that the Bosnian crisis is a prime example of why humanitarian intervention is a flawed and unsuccessful option. Critics argue that, even though the UN prevented hundreds of thousands of Bosnians in besieged towns from starvation, it did little or nothing to stop Bosnian Serbs from shelling these areas and ethnically cleansing them of Muslims. Furthermore, others claim that NATO’S degrading of Serb military capability from the air did nothing to save those civilians trapped in UN-created safe areas. In 1995 at least 7,414 Muslim men were rounded up in a Screbrenica enclave and systematically killed in the worst war crime of the whole war. However, while such examples may indicate that humanitarian interventions are not a legitimate option, there are also positive aspects that in some cases, compensate for, and override these negative flaws.
...fman R. A. - "Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery" - A Review of issues and Multi- strategy Approach". Reports of the Machine Learning and Inference Laboratory, MCI 97-2, George Mason University, Fairfax, V.A. 1997. http://www.mli.gmu.edu/~kaufman/97-1.ps
Humans can expand their knowledge to adapt the changing environment. To do that they must “learn”. Learning can be simply defined as the acquisition of knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught. Although learning is an easy task for most of the people, to acquire new knowledge or skills from data is too hard and complicated for machines. Moreover, the intelligence level of a machine is directly relevant to its learning capability. The study of machine learning tries to deal with this complicated task. In other words, machine learning is the branch of artificial intelligence that tries to find an answer to this question: how to make computer learn?
The size of database has increased rapidly in recent years This has led to a growing interest in the development of tools capable in the automatic extraction of knowledge from large collection of data. Data mining or knowledge discovery in database has been adopted for a area of research .It dealing with the automatic discovery of implicit information or knowledge within the databases. The implicit information within databases, mainly the interesting association relationships among sets of objects that lead to association rules may disclose useful patterns for marketing policies, decision support, financial forecast, even medical diagnosis and many other applications. In this paper, study includes depth analysis of algorithms and discusses some problems of generating frequent itemsets from the algorithm.