Data Collection and Analysis
Questionnaire
The research carried on both quantitative approach and qualitative approach. It began with quantitative approach—questionnaire. Bryman and Bell (2003) asserted that mail or postal questionnaires are most popular forms of questionnaires. Another form—self-completion questionnaire was also common because of the overlap with postal questionnaire to some extent.
The questionnaire was self-completion questionnaire which sometimes is named self-administered questionnaire. It is to say that respondents completed the questionnaires by themselves (Bryman and Bell, 2003). The research conducted an online survey though a professional website called ‘survey monkey’. There is no doubt that it is a cheaper and easier way to collect information for researcher. In addition, it is convenient for respondents as well.
The questionnaire encompassed five sections. The first section was introduction. The aim of the research and the completing time of the questionnaire were introduced in the section and make sure the respondents know the security of the information they offered. The second section included only two demographic questions, which are ‘What is your gender?’ and ‘How old are you?’ The two questions were design to select useful information. The respondents who are female and age between 18-24 or 25-35 were contributed to the research. Others were seen as invalid questionnaires. The third section was the most important section of the questionnaire. There were ten closed questions in the third section which follow an easy to hard order, but eight of them were single answer question whereas the rest two were multiple choices questions. The first question ‘Are you interested in fashion br...
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...ipants were the students with Shanghai background, who studied abroad. Group study room in the Leicester’s library was a good choice for focus group. It was a competitive formal focus group.
Therefore, one focus group used English as the main language to discuss and the rest five focus groups talked in Chinese. All the record discussions were translated into English in transcribe process.
In the analysis process, all the questions of six focus groups were summarised into six main themes: 1) Customers’ attitudes towards fashion brands, 2) Powerful brand evaluation, 3) Attitudes towards shopping for fashion brands online, 4) Factors affecting purchasing choice, 5) Promotion evaluation, 6) Evaluation of channels of accessing to fashion brands, 7) Challenges of building fashion brands in Shanghai. Then the discussion was developed around the seven main themes.
Two sampling methods include mail surveys and convenience sampling, a variation of a nonprobability sample. Mail surveys, inexpensive way to contact individuals over a large geographical area, provide anonymity to the respondent, and eliminate interview bias. Convenience sampling, a nonprobability sample, the only criteria is the convenience of the unit to the researcher, fast and uncomplicated, but the sampling error not determined.
...d for consent to proceed with the study. The participants were given thorough instructions that at any during the survey you can withdrawal your participation in the research, and that this is to benefit research to society. Participation is this survey was voluntary was emphasized. Participants were told that the surveys should take no longer than fifteen minutes and the personal information will remain confidential their results may be shared, but for research purposes only. The questionnaire will have a demographic sheet and a 50 item questionnaire divided into two sections. One part has a four point Likert scale (0= Almost Never, 1=Sometimes, 2= Often, 3 =Almost Always) and the other part is a selection of A or B. It was also reiterated that the participants had the right to withdraw from the research study at any time; there will be no consequences or penalty.
Different styles of research are employed in research to safeguard that the facts are acquired to permit examiners to find resolution to the principal queries for the study correctly, therefore, evading uncertainty ( ). Acquiring relevant proof encompasses stipulating the type of proof mandatory in answering the query. Methodological designs encompass logical complications; therefore, matters of sampling, information gathering methods, and queries are secondary to the type of method used in research. Strategies are often compared with quantitative and qualitative research methods. Research and collective studies are often observed as principal specimens of quantitative research and are evaluated compared to the flaws and strong point of numerical, examination, and quantitative research methods ( ).
Since 1967 Polo Ralph Lauren the brand is impeccable example for how a company must develop strong brand equity through the years. Indeed, the brand has established its image across a diversity of products and markets using a perfect lifestyle marketing approach. To understand how the brand has achieved strong brand equity, and resonance with its customers, analy...
In this part of my essay the results of the questionnaire are presented. The aim of this part is to get a comprehensive picture about people’s opinion in connection with vampires and their images. I am curious about which vampire do today’s people prefer and which characteristics are best known; the classic or the modern type. I would also like to be informed about which literary works and movies have they heard about containing vampires and to what extent is this knowledge in connection with age and gender. This survey is divided into three parts; the first part contains personal information, the second part is about the respondent’s general knowledge of those literary works, which include vampires and the last part is the common people’s opinions and experiences about vampirism. All in all, my goal is to find out; are the issues presented in chapter one are as serious as it is often said?
Almost every year a hurricane blast through Florida and takes its toll on the business, industry and affects the lives and dollars of the company and its workers. One can ask themselves, "How do we prevent this from happening again?" This is usually what businesses and persons affected by a hurricane ask each other. What about a hospital? How would a hospital prepare for a hurricane? To complicate things more, how would a hospital prepare for a hurricane if the hospital is to operate 24 hours a day? This is the question that Pierre, Keith, Carol, Getta and James have proposed.
In the previous chapters I discussed the problem of the lack of healthy eating promotion programs in schools are leaving parents and students uneducated about how to purchase healthy items which is leading to childhood obesity. I also discussed how the problem is being addressed, as well as the theory of social constructionism. In this chapter, I will discuss the specific methodology I plan to use and the three different types of data collection I plan to employ to carry out my study. This study will use a qualitative approach to study and address the issue of the lack of healthy eating promotion in schools. The three types of data collection I plan to use are: direct observation, focus groups and a questionnaire. These methods will be clarified later in this chapter.
Therefore the research methodology followed was qualitative. The qualitative methodology will be able to capture and measure through the research questions. The measurement will be done through data which will be collected in the form of document, words, transcripts and observation.
Stewart D. W., & Shamdasani P. N., (1990), Focus Groups: Theory and Practice, London, Thousand Oaks, New Delhi: SAGE Publications
Perhaps the way to define what survey research is, is best done by understanding what is it not. Survey research is not design although some have argued that it contains aspects very similar to design. Some scholars have even called it art rather than a science. I tend to agree with them because the management of the various component of survey research is crucial to it yielding valid data. To this end, Trochim and Donnelly (2008) note that one of the means researchers utilize to collect data is via survey research. Considered to be premier in applied social research, survey research is critical in this field of psychology because it information regarding research questions are collected from the first hand source. Thus, social scientists tend to embrace survey research because it enables them to gather and analyze data concerning relevant topics/issues as it relates to applied science (Meltzoff, 1998; Trochim and Donnelly, 2008). Additionally, the flexibility of survey research coupled with it broad methods for collecting data make it both researcher and participant friendly....
The questionnaire comprised of different sorts of inquiries say Open-ended survey, Close-ended and Multiple-choice questionnaire.
Second limitation face by the researcher was conducting the questionnaire. As the respondents were primary school students, researcher need to take a very long time to explain about the questionnaire to the students.
I made the questionnaire with the help of www.surveymonkey.com and I linked it into the most popular community webpage so everybody could fill it, who was interested in the topic. 3.2 – Data and Participants To get
Lack of response is the main disadvantage for mail surveys. The group survey is another low cost form, however the individual respondent is interviewed in a group. The disadvantage with group surveys are the logistics of marshaling the respondents to one location and the perception by respondents that grouping posses less anonymity. Electronic surveys are a relatively new addition in survey research and could very well become comparable to the telephone survey. Electronic surveys are advantageous for the low cost as well as ease in delivery. Because the delivery method is through internet, and the general population does not
Qualitative data analysis is the process of transforming data into information, information into understanding and understanding into knowledge (Davenport & Prusak, 1998). Furthermore, qualitative data analysis can be described as a blend of scientific studies and artistic style to create an innovative product. The research acts as the primary research tool, and must be able to sustain composer throughout the entire study. In addition, the researcher must be able to pay attention to the small details of the study, without losing sight of the big picture of the study (Chenail, 2012).