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The influences of culture in society
Culture and its effects
Culture difference
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2.1. CULTURE DIFFERENCES
According to Kogut and Singh (1988, p. 413) cultural distance is the degree to which a company is uncertain about the characteristics of an international market. This distance should be analyzed the need to know the place and as neighboring places between the country of origin of a company and the target country of resources of the company With globalization, companies began to operate in an environment of cultural diversity. Culture can be considered the factor that stands out most in an international negotiation, since it is non-negotiable and precedes the negotiation itself. There is no way to change the culture of negotiators. The difference exists and it must be accepted and respected for a stable relationship. Culture is only one aspect to be analyzed before starting a business in another country. The actions that most shock international negotiators are actions related to cultural
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It concerns the assumed emotional roles, such as "hardness" to the masculine and "sensitivity" to the feminine. Cultures like Japan are reflect values associated with male roles. Opposite this, female cultures focus on light values, associated with quality of life, as shown Sweden by (Ghemawat, Pankaj; Reiche, B. Sebastian, 2016). Looking at Google's culture, it can be said that the organization promotes a system of male values because of the benefits it provides to its employees. With a predominant male frame. According to (Weber, 2008), Google's founders have not forgotten their corporate social responsibility encouraging women's culture within the organization. The most significant commandment of the organization "Do not Be Evil" is based on the fact that the company must do good to the world, even having to forego winnings. Users believe in their systems, so the company has a duty to provide an unbiased and objective
Wild, J. J., Wild, K. L., & Han, J. C. (2008). (CH2)Cross-Cultural Business and (CH5)International Trade,. International business: the challenges of globalization (4th ed., pp. 48, 61-62, 132, 136, 147). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall.
However, this assumption is incomplete in reality. The main problem that causes the failure of negotiation is due to culture differences. Many companies are going global, people will negotiate with people come from different culture and different countries. If people do not realize what the main problem is, they will continue to have trouble with this problem.
Understanding the business side and the country culture can help build a better understanding of how the business should come into the company and how the business should operate and viewed by members of the community. According to Professor Hofstede, “Culture is more often a source of conflict than of synergy.
With businesses fast emerging and competition strict as ever, most businesses seek ways to expand internationally in order to ensure their position in the competitive market. Although globalization-the shift toward a more interdependent and integrated global economy- creates more opportunities for international business, some business attempt to expand blindly in a different country without considering issues such as culture clash, other businesses tackle the competition through strategic changes in order to accustom to the new culture.
Cross-cultural differences have a significant effect on the output of business negotiations across borderline. Failure to understand and appreciate these differences can render hard work and preparation unfruitful, and result in serious consequences for negotiations. During the meetings between the executives of Canwell and their Chinese customers, both parties demonstrated their willingness to cooperate. Yet due to the lack of acknowledgement in cultural discrepancies, every one behaved only in accordance to the code of their own culture, therefore failed to reach an agreement. In total, the Canadians neglected 3 major points of cultural differences: goal of negotiations, risk preferences
The importance of culture in International business today cannot be underestimated and it is imperative that attention is paid at strategic, organizational and the individual levels. The “Blue Ridge Spain” case elucidates these at all three levels. My analysis of this case is from the perspective of the Spanish corporation, Terralumen S.A. National culture is the shared implicit beliefs and tacit values that truly differentiate one cultural group from another. I will be using Geert Hofstede’s frame work to deconstruct this case into its separate dimensions.
Assuming a country had a favorable political, legal and economic environment; its cultural environment was evaluated. Culture impacts demand and the marketing mix; therefore, if a country's culture was deemed unfavorable, it was not included in the top ten ranking. Similarly, if a country's culture seemed especially favorable, that aspect is denoted later in the analysis. Cultural factors considered in this analysis:
...illian, G., & Nowlin, W. A. (1994). Cultural awareness: an essential element of doing business abroad, Business Horizons, 44-50.
jeswald w. salacuse (2) 005 ‘The Top Ten ways that Culture can Affect International Negotiations ‘. Available from < http://iveybusinessjournal.com/topics/global-business/the-top-ten-ways-that-culture-can-affect-international-negotiations#.Uzwdh6iSySp > [ 3 April 2014]
As a result, culture plays a vital role in expanding international business with its impacts from general strategic direction to details like logo.
Any negotiation challenges the parties involved in a variety of ways, but parties with conflicting interests face important additional difficulties when attempting to negotiate an agreement across culture lines. Not only will the difficulties arising from the known similarities and differences of opinion be more pronounced, but also unsuspected factors could easily enter the picture and condition perceptions of the situation. In cross-cultural negotiations, a reasonable second acknowledgment should be that the hidden factors that are always at work are more likely to interfere with reaching an agreement. It is especially important that this acknowledgment be understood to apply not only to the dynamics of interactions across the table, but those of individuals on the same side of the table. [At times, it may be tempting to attribute the outcomes of negotiations to a single variable (such as the culture or the relative power of a country).] The term culture has taken on many different meanings but basically it reflects the shared values. Culture affects negotiations in different ways. In this paper, we are going to discuss the American and Jap...
The components of culture discussed in the textbook, ‘International Business: The Challenges of Globalization,’ include aesthetics, manners and customs, education, physical and material environments, personal communication, religion, social structure, values and attitudes (Wild, Wild, Valladres Montemayor, 2015). When moving businesses’ to international markets like Birkenshire Corporations did, being a British organization having operations in China (Huang, T.Y., 2017), these elements of culture are extremely important to consider. Whether being in marketing and having to change the packaging of the product such as language, colors, and picture used; in social structure of the company and how staff arr expected to communicate, or the manners and customs a company has. In the case of Birkenshire Corporation, the main element of culture that was ignored and not considered was the manners and customs. Ignorance of culture was done by both the administrative department, made up of Chinese and non-Chinese staff, and the employees who received the gifts, made up of people from other cultures such as Latin-America, Australia, Europe, North America, Asia, and Africa (Huang, T.Y., 2017). If these employees had been made aware of the manners and customs of all the various cultures present in the Birkenshire organization, this issue could have been resolved in a way that didn’t offend
We need to be aware of the diversity in the classroom. Cultural diversity includes: bi-racial, adoptive, immigrant, gay, and step-families. It is a large majority of the students today even in my generation. Focusing on making a balanced curriculum that exposes the students to all of these different backgrounds is very important. I know that it is likely that a teacher will not be able to cater to every student, but it is important to involve each of them. There is a large percentage of students that have dropped out due to the lack of having a connection with the curriculum. It is frustrating that we are lacking progress in our schools to help these children connect when studies show that each cultural group will soon be equal in numbers. We need to form a better
Understand and heed cultural differences - cultural variables in transacting international business. (1991, January 28). Business America. FindArticles.com., Retrieved March 20, 2009, from http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1052/is_n2_v112/ai_10412261/pg_4?tag=content;col1
Since the end of World War II, international operations have become a reality for an increasing number of corporations. Many of these initial efforts began as simple export schemes to sell goods overseas to supplement domestic sales. Over time, however, international operations have become increasingly more complex: from joint-ventures to purchasing existing foreign firms to ‘green-field’ start-ups. While export operations usually require no more than extended business trips overseas, more complex international operations demand long-term assignments of key personnel outside their home-country. What would normally be considered routine business transactions in the home country can become very complicated when they are conducted between individuals and organizations from different cultures. In this essay we will examine how this cultural gap can affect international business and joint ventures.