Country Analysis Malaysia
Malaysia
A. Brief History
§ In the first century AD, the Malayan peninsula was prominent in int’l trade.
§ Conquered by the Portuguese in 1511, then the Dutch in 1641.
§ The British, who replaced the Dutch in 1795, developed large-scale productions of tin and rubber.
§ The Japanese invaded Malaysia during WWII.
§ Malaysia was formed after negotiating for independence from the British in September 16, 1963.
B. Comparative Advantage (Early years up to pre-1980’s)
§ Natural Resources/Land
- Malaysia has a total land area of 127,320 sq. mi.
- abundance of sedimentary rocks such as limestone, shale, sandstone, and conglomerate.
- Tin ore was Malaysia’s most important resource pre 1980’s.
- exported raw commodities such as timber, rubber, tin, and palm oil.
§ Human Resources
§ Access to Capital
- Government invested on more capital goods
- Sources of finances were increasing due to the investment on capital, domestic saving, and foreign investments.
- In the 1970’s, the Investment Incentive Act aimed to gain more investments to spend on its programs. It also aimed to get more participation from the Malays.
§ Initial Success in some industries
- Production of raw materials like tin and rubber
- Mining, Petroleum production, Agricultural Sector, Forestry and Fishing.
C. Role of Government
§ The head of state is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong (paramount ruler) The Conference of Rulers is formed by the hereditary rulers and appointed heads of the four other states. The Cabinet headed by the Prime Minister exercises executive power.
§ The government finds ways to attract foreign investors, and is active in the development of industries.
D. Competitive Advantage
§ In the Second Industrial Master Plan (IMP2), palm oil, rubber, cocoa, and timber were identified as primary commodities.
§ The Third National Agricultural Policy (NAP3), palm oil, rubber, cocoa, and timber have also been identified as the major contributor to agricultural value-added activities.
§ Infrastructure Development- in the form of roads, ports, railways, telecommunications, electricity, and water supply- is crucial for profitable private investment.
§ More emphasis has been given to the development of commercial agriculture since the 19080’s.
§ Petroleum Development Act of 1974 enabled the federal government to get much of the resource rents from petroleum and natural gas resources.
§ Logging
§ Malaysia has the second highest household savings rate.
§ Import Substitution and Export Orientation
E. Economic Indicators (1991-2000)
GNP $67 billion
GDP 6%
Inflation 5.3%
Unemployment 2.6%
National Debt $39.8 billion
Budget Deficit/ Surplus revenues: $22.6 billionexpenditures: $22 billion
Population 22.2 Million
F. Survival Strategy during the Asean Crisis (1997 – 2000)
§ Political Problems
- On September 1998, Prime Minister Mahathir Mohammad fired Anwar Ibrahim from his post as Deputy Prime Minister, after being convicted of corruption and other illegal activities.
Homer's Iliad enthralls readers with its’ valiant heroes who fight for the glory of Greece. The Iliad, however, is not just a story of war; it is also a story of individuals. Through the characters' words and actions, Homer paints portraits of petulant Achilles and vain Agamemnon, doomed Paris and Helen, loyal Patroclus, tragic Priam, versatile Odysseus, and the whole cast of Gods. Ironically, the most complete character in the epic is Hector, enemy hero, and Prince of Troy. Hector is in many ways the ideal Homeric man: he is a man of compassion and piety, a man of integrity and bravery, a man who loves his family, and above all, a man who understands and fulfills his social obligations under the stringent rules of the heroic code.
“Wife, all this concerns me, too. But I’d be disgraced, dreadfully shamed among Trojan men and Trojan women in their trailing gowns, if I should, like a coward, slink away from war. My heart will never prompt me to do that, for I have learned always to be brave, to fight alongside Trojans at the front, striving to win fame for father and myself.”(VI, 540-557) Hector’s virtues are also valued greatly by the Greeks. Although they admire the heroic courage and strength of Achilles, Hector remains the sympathetic hero of The Iliad. The power and strength of Achilles has reduced Hector to a non-human thing drawn through the dirt. However, in his attempt to humiliate Hector, Achilles has diminished his own stature among men. Hector, who represents the best in humanity because he loves his family and wants to protect them, exposes the tragic flaw of the excessive pride of Achilles, the great hero on the
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