The subject of corruption is a hazard that has continued to affect many countries across the world (Conklin, 2009). A simple definition of corruption would entail the intentional abuse of public or private office by an individual for personal gain. This includes accepting, soliciting, as well as exhortation of a bribe from the other party so as to favor them in specific process of action. Those who give the bribe are also guilty of the offense in a similar breath. Additionally, even with the absence of bribery, corruption is still present whenever; an office is abused through patronage and nepotism, assets are stolen, or revenues are diverted for non-intended purposes. A look at the factors that precipitate corruption includes: taxation, regulations and authorizations, spending decisions, and political financing among others.
The extent to which corruption has entrenched itself in many societies have raised concerns among managers across the world, as the vice has also spread its tentacles to the corporate world both at the public and private levels (Waddock, 2004). In its form, corruption is widely inter-related with other issues of the society. Globally, the contemporary form of globalization has acted as a catalyst to the vice through the creation of a consensus-influenced economic system that often leads to intimidation of the ‘haves nots’ by the ‘haves.’ Another aspect that results in the corruption menace has been blamed on the government policies and regulations (Rodriguez Uhlenbruck & Eden, 2005). An example on the pharmaceutical industry shows how indeed government regulation act as the catalyst for corruption in the industry. It is clear that this example explains the reasons on the upsurge of corruption incidences in c...
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... manager as a representative of a corporation, it is clear that drawing the line between acceptable gifts and unacceptable bribes has a couple of grey areas for the person. For instance, how would one justify that an invitation for dinner is a much acceptable gesture, unlike that of accepting an invitation for a luxury overseas holiday. Using the much elaborated corporate responsibility approach above, the manager then ought to decide whether his/her actions are in consonant with the general expectations of the society. Furthermore, they also have to be sure that, the code of conduct under the Public Service charter in the country they are operating in justifies their decision. This is in consideration of the inconsistency in the regulations across different countries on the cultural norms in accepting and giving gifts to persons in influential offices or positions.
Anti-bribery laws in the U.S. were established to prevent the rampant corruption exhibited in the Airbus case study. Similar anti-corruption laws do not exist in many of the host countries the U.S. does business with. Host county’s laws and regulations take on different forms especially when power, money and politics are involved, manipulating or creating a new set of rules to benefit their own selfish needs. Savvy sales negotiators, like those at Airbus, seek opportunities through loop holes, off shore accounts and large sums of bribery money, to entice country officials or others with the authority to make purchases to commit to Airbus. A more uniform worldwide approach to international laws needs to be adapted, implemented and more importantly enforced, so all companies involved can conduct fair business practices under the same set of rules.
Bribery and corruption are commonly thought of in relation to politics and governmental corruption. The truth is, bribery and corruption raise their ugly heads in a broad range of situations, from executive contracts, to gaining freedoms, services and nepotisms. Sports is another ground in which bribery and corruption commonly occur. Because the very nature of bribery and corruption is private, the general public absorbs only of those few schemes in which the parties have been caught.
Transparency International defines corruption as “the abuse of entrusted power for private gain.” In politics, as we have learned, this includes (but is not limited to) fraud, bribery, embezzlement, influence peddling, lying, conflict of interest, and patronage.
The use of media can be an extremely powerful tool to help combat corruption when everyone is on the same page. Global Integrity is an organization based in Washington, D.C. which reports international corruption trends (Heller, 2007). Global Integrity is exactly what is needed in order to combat corruption across the globe. Unfortunately Global Integrity is not a source in which information is easily obtained by a normal citizen. In order to combat corruption it is in the hands of everyday citizens to do their part to help. Corruption is not often fought by politicians, as many misinformed people would think, as they are often the ones partaking in these practices, or condoning them. Although Global I...
When dealing with corruption, first question to ask or to clarify is what corruption is. NSW Research (2002) describes corruption anything from gaining materialistically by virtue of position (for eg. getting a special discount at stores) to engaging in ‘direct criminal activities’ (eg. selling drugs). Newburn (1999) believes that there is a thin line between the definition of ‘corrupt’ and ‘non-corrupt’ activities as at the end, it is an ethical problem. For common people, however, bribery generalises corruption.
Corruption is something that is motivated by greed and fraud. It’s a very threatening personality that controls and destroys people’s lives and makes them the kind of person other people don’t want to associate with.
Bribery poses difficulties on moral grounds because it is incompatible with the principal of human equality and the fundamental right for individuals to be treated with equal respect and concern. For an institution to adhere to this principle, they must operate with fairness and impartiality: nobody should have access to influence that is not accessible to all. Bribery operates as part of a mechanism by which influence is only available ...
Bribery is wrong, and it would be almost instinctive to point at the benefits of impartially functioning public servants and incorrupt corporations to our democratic society as justification. However, in this imperfect world where bribery is rife in varying degrees, is it possible to express this notion convincingly? Certainly 'because the UK Bribery Act says so' is far less persuasive to a council planning office in Shanghai than in London, and indeed in compliance with section 7 of the Bribery Act 2010 which relates to commercial offences, it is essential that this question is engaged with on a corporate scale and without assertion through dogma. Accordingly, this essay will argue that elements wrong with bribery are inclusive of both moral and economic considerations. Moreover, in conjunction with international mandates, advent of aggressive legislation such as that of the UK Bribery Act 2010 is representative of global efforts to eliminate bribery. Hence, it follows that bribery can never be considered a normal part of business because it is economically unsustainable in the long term.
Corruption consists in the illegitimate agreement between a corruptor and a corrupted, in which they abuse of their public power in order to obtain personal benefit. Bribery and corruption is something that has been going on for years. According to Allen, “officials perceive themselves as immune to any penalties for demanding and receiving bribes” which she states that it is one of the main reasons for bribery and corruption in underdeveloped countries. According to Transparency International, an organization committed exclusively to end corruption, three of the most corrupt countries in the world are Somalia, North Korea and Afghanistan. This does not mean that corruption is only seen in underdeveloped countries. In international business, corporate employees often find themselves dealing with corruptors in foreign countries and, in most cases, they will give in.
The typical example of bribery in countries, where it is seems to be normal, is paying for vote on elections. Political party in this situation offers some amount of money to citizens in exchange of their vote for this party. In this case, self-interest of people to a new government is distorted, because some destitute are rather to receive gift and vote for politician, who participates in
Over the last few years, the issue of corruption--the abuse of public office for private gain--has attracted renewed interest, both among academics and policymakers. There are a number of reasons why this topic has come under recent inspection. Corruption scandals have toppled governments in both major industrial countries and developing countries. In the transition countries, the shift from command economies to free market economies has created massive opportunities for the appropriation of rents, excessive profits, and has often been accompanied by a change from a well-organized system of corruption to a more chaotic and deleterious one. With the end of the cold war, donor countries have placed less emphasis on political considerations in allocating foreign aid among developing countries and have paid more attention to cases in which aid funds have been misused and have not reached the poor. And slow economic growth has persisted in many countries with malfunctioning institutions. This renewed interest has led to a new flurry of empirical research on the causes and consequences of corruption.
Some people said that corruption is rampant in all governments, So that it is not unknown to any ethnic group, region and continent. It cuts across faiths, political systems, religious Denominations and affects both young and old people. Fraud can be found in public and authoritarian rule;...
In simple terms Public Corruption can be defined as the misuse of public office for private gain.Corruption is an outcome and reflection of a country’s economic,legal,cultural and political institutions. Transparency International(2005,2008) found that more than 65% of Indians had a first hand experience of paying bribes and nearly 45% used contacts to get job done.Institutionalised Corruption has long been prevalent in India.Big Business and individuals dictate bureaucratic norms by breaking law,paying off public servants just to gain access to elements of governance.
Montesh, M. (n.d.). Conceptualizing Corruption: Forms, Causes, Types and Consequences. Retrieved May 4, 2014, from
Corruption and fraud is a relevant topic in South Africa and will continue to be so until it is able to be limited. Corruption is committed mainly by people in power as they neglect and take advantage of this power in order to better themselves at the expense of others. Fraud and corruption is the wrongful or criminal deception that results in financial or personal gain. Government officials, police officers and some unexpected individuals such as law officials have been known to commit corruption and fraud. There have been cases of corruption in the 2014 elections and the political parties have seen that it is something the community is concerned over. Each party has addressed this concern and suggested ways in which to limit this corruption. Not only is corruption morally wrong, but it causes trust problems between the community and people in power, the people who are meant to help society. (1)