Chapter I: Introduction
1.1 Background
Corporate social responsibility according to Henderson (2001) can be defined as the commitment of organizations to help society by improving working and living conditions of employees, their families, and the community as a whole.
The use of CSR as a discipline has its foundation on past centuries, when some kind of social awareness was practiced by companies at the time, nevertheless most authors concur that from the 1960’s onwards, the developmental pace of the subject increase considerably and it became the real basis in which CSR stands in current times, each of the last five decades has played an important role for the discipline, especially the 1990’s decade when general social discontent had spread through different sectors of society and organizations were demanded to become part of the solution rather than the problem (May et al, 2007).
Many are now the companies that consider themselves to be social responsible, the case of Shell is one that stands out, due to the fact that the company in the 1990 was severely accused to accept and follow wrongful policies of work and had no interest on improving the life conditions of the communities in which operated, like the case of Nigeria .After a restructuration in its guidelines and strategies Shell has now become a devoted social responsible company (Henderson, 2001). Another well behave company is Starbucks coffee, this corporation has developed different levels of social responsibility that stretch from its own employees to the coffee farmers around the world (Starbucks.com, 2009). For both companies the application of a social responsibility framework has had positive outcomes, especially those related to acceptanc...
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...lso describes the secondary data methodology followed by an explanation of the primary data collection process. In addition the instrument, sample size and the data processing and analysis are defined in this section.
Chapter 5 presents the analysis of the data obtained through the primary research as well as the main findings of the study. The descriptive measures as well as the frequencies were employed to analyse the results and draw relevant conclusions. In addition cross-tabulations were used in order to establish possible dependence between variables.
Chapter 6 relates the main finding to the objectives of the research study in order to prove that these were successfully met. The managerial implications of the research are also developed in this section in conjunction with the limitations and the suggestions for future research studies.
Corporate social responsibilities (CSR) have a different meaning in different company but in my view CSR is the concept which is the ability one of the companies can do for society. As the company responsibilities toward the society and environment in the way operate their business. CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. CSR also known as a “corporate citizenship” and with do that CSR is not provide an immediate financial benefit to the company but promote positive social and environmental change. (www.investopedia.com/terms/c/corp-social-responsibility). CSR is a high profile nation which the business world perceives as a strategic (Economist, 2008; Porter & Kramer, 2006)
An organization’s Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) drives them to look out for the different interests of society. Most business corporations undertake responsibility for the impact of their organizational pursuits and various activities on their customers, employees, shareholders, communities and the environment. With the high volume of general competition between different companies and organizations in varied fields, CSR has become a morally imperative commitment, more than one enforced by the law. Most organizations in the modern world willingly try to improve the general well-being of not only their employees, but also their families and the society as a whole.
The authors of this article have outlined the purpose, aims, and objectives of the study. It also provides the methods used which is quantitative approach to collect the data, the results, conclusion of the study. It is important that the author should present the essential components of the study in the abstract because the abstract may be the only section that is read by readers to decide if the study is useful or not or to continue reading (Coughlan, Cronin, and Ryan, 2007; Ingham-Broomfield, 2008 p.104; Stockhausen and Conrick, 2002; Nieswiadomy, 2008 p.380).
Within the past few decades, there has a growing focus by firms on examining their social responsibilities. But what the term “social responsibility” means is the subject of wide debate. What are they responsible for, to whom are they being held accountable, and who is calling for them to be responsible? Discussion in various academic studies and literature has centered on the call for companies to carry out actions that might be regarded as socially responsible, all of which have attempted to set some sort of a definition and boundaries to the extent of corporate social responsibility. Because of the nature of business and society, they have become interwoven entities, and with this comes the call for business to make a positive impact on
Corporate social responsibility involves business practices and initiatives that benefit society. The company has economic and legal responsibilities, which are required, ethical responsibility, which is expected, and philanthropic responsibility, which is desired. The arguments for it are that corporations increase long-term profits by operating from a CSR perspective. Also, pro action is sometimes better than reaction. This means that if businesses proactively participate in CSR and have it as a part of their core values, there would be less negative reaction from the public, and therefore better reputation and goodwill.
A corporations CSR should be shaped in order to fit the goals of the corporation, although every corporation’s CSR should differ, since most have different goals and different communities behind them. The CSR should be molded into fitting the corporation’s goals in order to make it easier on the corporation in giving back to the community while achieving its goals. For example, a corporation located in a desert wishes to be more efficient, by reducing water usage it is not only creating lower costs, which result in higher revenue, but also helps the community by not taking up so much water. Taking this into consideration, it is critical that the corporation goals and values are established and clear throughout the corporation, they should be developed by the board or directors and CEO, and the highest managerial level should stress their importance to the rest of the corporation. By making the goals and values at the top branch of the corporate hierarchy, it will be simpler for the corporates community to develop in order to nurture those goals and values. Therefore, a corporation can reach the “shared-value,” a value for both its shareholders and community in a simpler manner that can result benefiting the corporation in the end as well. Throughout the article many examples are given of actual corporations that have benefited and changed their CSR in order to fit their goals, therefore, providing solid proof that these methods work. Nevertheless, as acknowledged by the author’s themselves, most of the corporations taken into consideration where one’s that Harvard CSR students were employed
Most of the research was conducted using the descriptive Corporate Social Responsibility approach, this research mainly focused on whether CSR was incorporated in the football industry. If it is, then how it is carried out? This essay will include; reasons for football clubs to adopt CSR policies, the benefits gained by football clubs when adopting CSR and how is CSR practiced; how do football cubs act socially responsible.
According to Mike Peng, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the consideration and response to issues beyond the narrow economic, technical, and legal requirements of the firm to accomplish social benefits along with traditional economic gains the firm seeks. CSR is a way in which a company seeks to achieve a balance between profit, environmental concerns and social imperatives. This is known as the ‘Triple-Botto...
In recent years, companies are becoming socially responsible and now stakeholders almost expect a company to have CSR policies. Therefore, in twentieth century, corporate social responsibility (CSR) became an important development in public life (Barnett, ND).Corporate social responsibility is defined as “the ways in which an organisation exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders specified through regulation and corporate governance” (Johnson, Schools and Whittington, N.D cited in March, 2012). Stakeholders can be defined as “those individuals or groups who depend on the organisation to fulfil their own goals and on whom, in turn, the organisation depends” (Johnson, Schools and Whittington, N.D cited in March, 2012). There are many purposes for this essay, the first purpose is to descried the key principles of corporate social responsibility and explain their importance for stakeholders. Secondly, is to show how far this company follows those principles in order to be accountable to at least three of its stakeholders. In this essay, three stakeholders, environment, customers and employees will be evaluated respectively and the key principles of the stakeholders will be examined.
I begin this essay by defining CSR, there are many definitions for this term by various different theorists, and EU says that CSR is "A concept whereby companies integrate social and environmental concerns in their business operations and in their interaction with their stakeholders on a voluntary basis." On the other hand, Sloman et al. define it as "The concept in which a firm takes into account is the interests and concerns of a community rather than just its shareholder". Davis and Blomstrom (1966), say it "Refers to a person’s obligation to consider the effects of his decisions and actions on the whole social system". These definitions differ from one another in many ways but they agree that CSR involves taking the environment into account and therefore, one must look take social responsibility.
Social Responsibility Corporate social responsibility is a corporation's initiatives to assess and take responsibility for the company's effects on environmental and social wellbeing (Investopedia, 2016). Some people think of this term as an oxymoron, which is a figure of speech in which two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect, but others see the term corporate social responsibility as a distraction. A corporation's sole responsibility is to generate returns for its shareholders, not to try to save the world or to fret over its own impact (Investopedia, 2016). The term generally applies to efforts that go beyond what may be required by regulators or environmental protection groups. CSR may also be referred to as "corporate citizenship"
The classical view of CSR is a prominent ideology which business organizations are seen merely as profit-driven organizations. Simply put, businesses work for the sole purpose of making a profit. Thus, this profit motive is the sufficient and unique social identifier that separates a business organization from other institutions in society. These business organizations have a limited, yet essential role in society. Social concerns are considered important, but businesses, in the classical view, are focused solely on the economic activities and are judged accordingly. By having a limited role in society (i.e.,...
Corporate Social Responsibility is looked at as corporate citizenship, or responsible business. It is an organizations example adopted by businesses that want to improve their organizations, communities and more. It is a self regulating system that makes the organization commit to follow the laws of business and maintain a high ethical standard. Many times, corporate social responsibility results in businesses committing themselves to certain social goods, or even an attempts to approve the environment. Corporate Social Responsibility is a organizations promis...
However, there can be more definitions about what Corporate Social Responsibility can be. For example, Corporate Social Responsibility can be the commitment which is continuing for a business to behave ethically and bring to economy the development to improve the workforces’ of the whole society and local community and their families’ quality of life. Corporate Social Responsibility is also known as the obligation of a company to serve the society’s interest and of course its own. With the help of the Corporate and Social Responsibility, social and environmental concerns companies can integrate into their business and stakeholders operations.
Corporate Social Responsibility is management’s obligation to protect and promote their stakeholders welfare. Social Responsibility is more than just obvious ethical issues like honesty and integrity in business dealings.