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Nazi medical experiments
Top medical advancements in ww2
Top medical advancements in ww2
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Controversy of Using Unethically Obtained Nazi Data for Current Research
During World War II, Nazi doctors committed atrocious crimes in the name of research against their Jewish prisoners. This research done in such a way that never can or should be done again, plays an important role in science. We must allow researchers to use Nazi data to add light to their research, however only if it is the only source for the data they need to improve their research or findings.
To understand the full breadth of the Nazis' research practices you must examine some of the Nazi research history leading up to the Nuremberg trials of 1946. These trials, which eventually led to laws regulating human subject research and convictions against sixteen of the twenty doctors charged with war crimes, crimes against, humanity and conspiracy.
When explaining the brutality of the research Baruch C. Cohen in "Jewish Law Articles" says the "acts of torture were characterized by several shocking features: (1) persons were forced to become subjects in very dangerous studies against their will. (2) Nearly all subjects endured incredible suffering, mutilation, and indescribable pain. (3) The experiments often were deliberately designed to terminate in a fatal outcome for their victims."
Hitler's doctors performed numerous experiments on the Jewish subjects with military intelligence goals in mind, they slept at night claiming the subjects were condemned to death anyway. Some of these experiments were:
1. Freezing experiments, prisoners were immersed into tanks of ice water for hours at a time, often shivering to death. The researcher's goal here was to determine how long Germany pilot could survive if they were shot down over the oce...
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... the pseudoscience is in order. The harder question is when should the accurate and valid data be used. In my opinion as stated previously, the data should only be used when there are no other alternatives. When this data is used there must be a section in the paper exposing the terrible crimes committed against the unwilling Jewish prisoners.
The way this pioneering data was discovered was disgusting and wrong. There are two main reasons why we cannot keep the data locked away. First, absence and time will allow people to forget about the crimes. Secondly, there is potential lifesaving info contained in the documents. Lets not make a bad situation worse by locking up the data and throwing away the key. Don't let the Jewish prisoners suffering go to waste, allow the data that they made possible save a life, thereby equating things in the life cycle.
I thought it was cruel that they manipulated these prisoners and gave them long-term behavioral problems, such as nausea, paralysis, and helplessness. For example, one of the Holmesburg victims—Jesse Williams—experienced abuse by “physicians and technicians had rubbed acid into his scrotum until skin fell away—all for three dollars a session” (244). Holmesburg Prison experiments occurred during 1962-1968 and tested 153 experimental drugs on victims in the prison. These prisoners were inoculated with herpes, vaccinia, and viruses. Based on the research files, there was not an indication of them and the uprisings of drugs preformed were also
After observing the documentary “Acres of Skin”, I realized that we as humans can be cruel. The torturing in the Holmesburg prison held from 1950s until about 1970s and the terrible things that happened in this video that took place long before I was born is was hard to watch. Dr. Albert Kligman came to Holmesburg originally to look at. Other experiments used the inmates as test subjects for far more hazardous even potentially lethal, substances such as radioactive isotopes dioxin, and chemical warfare agent’s prisoners undergo experiments. Leotus Jones and David Price are some of the former prisoners that were involved in the human experimentation at Holmesburg prison. I believe that the prisoners didn’t not deserve what the punishments that
Thousands of individuals, including women and children, were murdered, stores and other properties were plundered and burned, and countless of women were raped . The Japanese government regarded sex as a way to keep the soldiers obedient and focused so rape was a device used to maintain good, Japanese warriors . Not only did human experimentation occur in German concentration camps, but also in Japanese prison camps. The 731 Unit conducted experiments dealing with plague, cholera, typhoid, frostbite, and gas gangrene . American prisoners of war were treated especially cruel during these human experiments. In one incident, an individual had his skull sliced open while Dr. Fukujiro placed a surgical knife inside of his skull cavity
"Medical Experiments ." 10 June 2013. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum . 18 March 2014 .
the decade. The horrible experiments performed during the Holocaust were terrible they did serve a purpose.The freedom that the doctors had to explore the amazing human body resulted in information that still might be unknown to modern science.
Milgram’s experiment started shortly after the trial of Adolf Eichmann began. Adolf Eichmann was a Nazi who tortured many Jews during the Holocaust, and had others under his hand do whatever he told them to do. Milgram decided to plan a study to merely see if the followers of E...
"Nazi Medical Experimentation: The Ethics Of Using Medical Data From Nazi Experiments." The Ethics Of Using Medical Data From Nazi Experiments. N.p., n.d. Web. 09 Dec. 2013.
Epstein shows the process that the majority of Jews were being put through, such as the medical examinations, medical experimentations, gas chambers and crematoriums. Medical examinations were used to determine if the Jews were healthy enough to work. Dr. Mengele used the Jews as “lab rats” and performed many experiments such as a myriad of drug testing and different surgeries. The gas chamber was a room where Jews were poisoned to death with a preparation of prussic acid, called Cyclo...
...’s initial false persona and promises to make Germany better. The Milgram experiment can be further extended to the use of “enhanced interrogation,” which can easily lead to insensitivity in the people who conduct such interrogations. The Milgram experiment serves as a significant explanation for the cooperation of Germans with the Nazi party and serves as a compelling warning for the future.
Most of the people involved in the horrible torture devices were killed because no human could stand these horrible tests (History.com).
The dropping and the atomic bomb and the continued use of human subjects during scientific testing in the 20th century continues to be a controversial subject. It is because the actions carried out saved many lives and that those hurt were informed and volunteered that these methods were moral. It is because of the debate surrounding these actions that science has continued to evolve. From these earlier practices, more rigid experimental methods are enforced. These new regulations protect the patient and continue to ensure that those sacrificing their safety to aid others are not injured without fully understanding the risks involved. The modern world will continue to benefit from the actions taken by the United States during the 20th century.
Besides for the main question of whether it can be used because it was done in such unethical ways, there are also a few more issues. There is a question of whether the data is scientifically reliable. The Nazi ‘doctors’ were doing their experiments with their enthusiasm for medical results that would prove the Nazi racial theory. These experiments have also never been tested, except for here, so it may not be accurate to rely on the data found by Nazi’s. Good data is one that has been done several times before by multiple people, all getting about the same result. This data was done by one person or a group of
These were statistical papers, listing the number of Jews still left in Europe. These papers were delivered to many high-ranking officials in Berlin as well as diplomats and even prominent industrialists. This broad distribution suggests that the criminals felt no shame at what they did. Had these killings not been part of the Nazi Regime’s policy, the reports would never have distributed them so widely. It notes how the numbers of the Jewish population are slowly dwindling. They also had documentation of brutal experiments of the population of the concentration camps such as these stated by The Holocaust Encyclopedia “The German air force and from the German Experimental Institution for Aviation conducted high-altitude experiments, using a low-pressure chamber, to determine the maximum altitude from which crews of damaged aircraft could parachute to safety. Scientists there carried out so-called freezing experiments using prisoners to find an effective treatment for hypothermia. They also used prisoners to test various methods of making seawater potable.”
In December 1946, the War Crimes Tribunal at Nuremberg indicted 20 Nazi physicians and 3 administrators for their willing participation in carrying out the harmful research on unwilling human subjects. Thus, Nuremberg code was the first international code for the ethics to be followed during human subject research. It was permissible medical experiments implemented in August 1947. The code also provides few directives for clinical trials (3). Syphilis study at Tuskegee in 1974 was the most influential event that led to the HHS Policy for Protecti...
...to find out something when they use children. The Tuskegee experiment exhibit how cruel researcher can also be, and how racial society was in 1932. The experiments show what can happen without regulations. There should be values and regulations to guide research in these experiments. Concluding, some experiments have the tendency to destroy the lives of the humans that have been experimented on.