TYPE OF HORIZONTAL DEVIATION IN CONSANGUINITY. Samia Iqbal, Muhammad Shafiq, Muhammad Zeeshan,,Hakim Anjum Nadeem, Muhammad Jamshed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See end of article for authors affiliations …..……………………….. Correspondence to: Dr.samia Iqbal(OD) The University of Lahore teaching hospital Email: samiaiqbal988@gmail.com Purpose: To find out the association and types of strabismus on consanguinity. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Duration and Place of Study: Department of ophthalmology, The University of Lahore teaching hospital from september to december …show more content…
Out of 93patients 28(30.1%) were males and 65(56.9%) were females. Out of 93 patients 19 (20.5%) people having age 3 to 6 years and 38(40.8%) have age 7 to 11 years old and remaining 36(38.7%) have age 12 to 15 years. Horizontal deviation seen in 93 patients the 55(59.1) had exotropia and 38(40.8%) had esotropia. There is a significant association between refractive error and strabismus is found, as, df= 1 and p value is 0.000.Out of 93 the 17(18.2%) are emmetrope and 22(23.65%) are myope. Out of 93 the 7(7.5%) were hyperopes, 25(26.8%) had myopic astigmatism and 10(10.7%) had hyperopic astigmatism and the remaining 12(12.9%) had mixed astigmatism. Conclusion: Consanguinity causes deviation in the eyes and causes refractive errors. Horizontal deviation seen in the children having age 3 to 15 years and positive history of consanguinity. It is concluded that consanguinity cause deviation in the eyes i.e strabismus and refractive errors. Key Word: Consanguinity, Horizontal …show more content…
Table no.3 TYPE OF DEVIATION. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Exotropia 55 59.1 59.1 59.1 Esotropia 38 40.8 40.8 100 Total 93 100.0 100.0 TABLE NO.4 Distribution of patients according to Refractive Error. Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid Emmetrope 17 18.2 18.2 18.2 Myopia 22 23.65 23.65 41.8 Hyperopia 7 7.5 7.5 49.3 Myopic Astigmatism 25 26.8 26.8 76.1 Hyperopic Astigmatism 10 10.7 10.7 88.8 mixed astigmatism 12 12.9 12.9 100.0 Total 93 100.0 100.0 Finally main results are given above in Table 4(Appendix) and a significant association between refractive error and strabismus is found, as, df= 1 and p value is 0.000.Out of 93 the 17(18.2%) are emmetrope and 22(23.65%) are myope.Out of 93 the 7(7.5%) are hyperopes, 25(26.8%) have myopic astigmatism and 10(10.7%) have hyperopic astigmatism and the remaining 12(12.9%) have mixed astigmatism. Friedman Test: Test Statistics N 93 Chi-Square 93.000 Df 1 Asymp. Sig. .000 a. Friedman Test Friedmen test results shows that there is statistically significant association of strabismus with
In the case of “Leonel v. American Airlines, Inc. (AA), 400 F.3d 702 (9th Cir.2005)” (Melvin, 2013), on page 351 of The Legal Environment of Business: a Managerial Approach: Theory to Practice, “Leonel and two other applicants were given conditional offers of employment by American Airlines.” (Melvin, 2013); these offers were dependent on whether a background check and medical exam were passed. However, before the background checks could be conducted American Airlines directed Leonel and the other
Two Paramedics rushed into the house of Mr. and Mrs. Underwood, they were guided towards the patio where they saw a hot tub. Immediately, empty bottles of wine were seen around the ledge surrounding the hot tub. Kavita, one of the paramedics noticed that the bodies of Mr. and Mrs. Underhill were located at the bottom of the hot tub and Mr. Luck was located above the Underhill’s bodies with his head above the water. The paramedic found a pulse on Mr. Luck with a systolic of 80 and a diastolic of 40
Discussion Board Forum 2 Case Study Topic: Contracts During this case study we will evaluate a unique business transaction which is composed of good faith and fraud by undue influence with a minor. Don Willetts is not a Christianity, but with the encouragement of his wife Don is beginning to explore the faith. Don is the Oblige (Promisee) who owns a small, local health food store and is interested in growing the business by adding some new product lines. Don was interested in going into business
But many people, including parents, are against this idea for many different reasons such as prejudices issues and some even feel as this might take away from their learning. In the case study “The Chameleon” they talk about the issues that come to the topic of teaching bilingual and multicultural education in public schools. In the text, it stated that the issue began to get heated when on an October night the issue of bilingual education
Government and Politics: A Case Study of Campbell County, Kentucky Campbell County, Kentucky offers a very interesting case study of politics at work. The many different variables that can possibly affect how counties as a whole vote are present in Campbell County, and the interplay between all these variables is the topic of this paper. In order to accurately predict the outcome of the election, it is important to be familiar with all the different socio-economic factors that influence the
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process of reincarnation scientifically. Through the last century, as Buddhism gained more popularity in the West, various people have attempted to study reincarnation systematically. These studies range from in-depth case studies to hypnotic regression experiments and experiences of people who have been through near-death experiences. By conducting these studies researchers wish to see if there exists a scientific basis to Buddhist beliefs. In the course of my paper, I shall first relate why it may
Gender Norming What exactly is a standard? According to Webster’s dictionary, a standard is a level of quality or excellence that is accepted as the norm or by which actual attainments are judged. Standards are created because someone believes that a fair and efficient form of doing something is necessary. The military is full of these standards. One of the most widely known is the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT). It tests the maximum amount of push-ups and sit-ups a person can do in two minutes
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fueleconomy.gov/feg/ is the site for you. There is tons of information here including a full list of new Alternative Fuel Vehicles(AFV’s), a glossary of Alternative Fuel Vehicle terms, Alternative Fuel Vehicle photos and videos , success stories and all case studies about AFV’s. The site is very extensive and there are links to other excellent sites, such as the Office of Transportation Technologies. Navigation is easy and there is plenty of material here to help you understand that the premium you pay
laws of the country. I personally believe that internet censorship is not ethical and internet users should decide for themselves what they can and cannot see. This paper will prove the ethical implications of internet censorship through two case studies: the United States' Communications Decency Act, and Australia's Broadcasting Services Amendment (Online Services) Act 1999. The United States and Australia have both taken two different approaches to internet censorship. However, both countries
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back them. Project STAR Case studies have been key in generating research information on the effects of smaller class size. Similar results have been attained from studies in Tennessee, California and Wisconsin. Project STAR (Student/Teacher Achievement Ratio) in Tennessee is “one of the most important educational investigations ever carried out (HEROS, 2001).” In 1985 the Tennessee passed the proper legislation to put into effect a four year class size study of students in grades K-3, using
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idea of voluntary risk taking has been brought to the fore front of sociological debate. It is clear that in a society where people spend a great deal of time avoiding risks there are also people actively seeking to take part in risks. Why is this the case, and are there certain groups within society more prone to this type of risk-taking behaviour than others? In order to address this two part question effectively it is first of all necessary to discuss what voluntary risk-taking is referring to. Once