Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
The history of the development of computers
The history of the development of computers
The history of the development of computers
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: The history of the development of computers
A History of Computers
by: Paul Little
The idea of a machine that would make man’s calculations easier, faster, and more accurate is
no new notion. The Abacus, Napier’s rods, the Calculating Clock, and the Stepped Reckoner are
a few examples of early computer ideas In the more recent history of the computer, we can see
how computers have morphed changed from clunky, million-dollar machines into the compact
and convenient devices which can held on the tip of ones finger.
John von Neumann’s name is most well-known among the potential “founders” of the first
computer (and also known for work in quantum mechanics) but who the credit belongs to can be
debated. Von Neumann wrote a memorandum explaining the Electronic Numerical Integrator
and Calculator (ENIAC) but the ENIAC was developed by J. Preper Eckert and John Mauchly of
the Moore School of the University of Pennsylvania in the mid-1940s. The credit for this
invention is shady because Mauchly reportedly visited John Atanasoff before building the ENIAC.
Atanasoff built the Atanasoff/Berry Computer in the early 1940s at Iowa State University. But, von
Neumann’s name is the most well-known and thus settles the issue!
The model von Neumann came up with for the basic computer structure is still today, with
modifications for speed and size, his computer is still the foundation for many computers. Part of
the the reason his work was seen in high standards was hs reports on his work. The Academic Press
Dictionary states that “von Neumann’s report was so we...
... middle of paper ...
...Whether you agree or not, the NSA’s new 1.7 billion facility being built to store
internet users data and phone call and is the largest facility ever built to do so, can be viewed as a
new treat to people personal data and piracy. Believed “once finished” ith the ability to hold not
only the most but some of if not the biggest super computers in the world. It is said the facility
once up and running will be able to store data at the rate of 20 terabytes per minute, many times
over. The ability to do so is in its self amazing and the other technology that will be used there I am
sure will be just as mind boggling. But most are more concerned with the negative potential (and
rightfully so) over the technical scale of the project, but ever the less this will probably be the start
of the next (out of many past and future) computer generation.
Scientific Elite: Nobel Laureates in the United States. New York: Free Press. Manning, Kenneth R. (1983). The. Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett.
...m simple tasks. Then Massachusetts Institute of Technology students, led by Vannevar Bush, fabricated the first analog computer, which could perform more complicated tasks than the previous computer. The analog computer was improved upon even further by Howard Aiken, who created the first computer with memory (Brinkley 643).
it is useful to recall one of Arthur C. Clarke's more famous ideas, which is
In 1944, Von Neumann created the ENIAC computer. It helped the US army and could predict weather. He used earlier work with game theory and rhetoric to help him in defense theory planning. From 1954-1956 Von Neumann was a member of the Atomic energy commision. It was a nuclear deterrence program under President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He was diagnosed with bone cancer in in 1955 but showing his work ethic continued to work even though his health was in a bad condition. In 1956 e received the Enrico Fermi Award. He died February 8th, 1957 from his condition but his math and science discoveries will live on. Most people have said that Von Neumann had a greater influence on the 20th century than any other mathematician out
Another invention that is now frequently used is the computer. The concept was made in 1822, by Charles Babbage, but it wasn’t until 1837 when he ...
Many encyclopaedias and other reference works state that the first large-scale automatic digital computer was the Harvard Mark 1, which was developed by Howard H. Aiken (and team) in America between 1939 and 1944. However, in the aftermath of World War II it was discovered that a program controlled computer called the Z3 had been completed in Germany in 1941, which means that the Z3 pre-dated the Harvard Mark I. Prof. Hurst Zuse (http://www.epemag.com/zuse/)
Computer engineering started about 5,000 years ago in China when they invented the abacus. The abacus is a manual calculator in which you move beads back and forth on rods to add or subtract. Other inventors of simple computers include Blaise Pascal who came up with the arithmetic machine for his father’s work. Also Charles Babbage produced the Analytical Engine, which combined math calculations from one problem and applied it to solve other complex problems. The Analytical Engine is similar to today’s computers.
Ceruzzi, P. E. (1998). A history of modern computing (pp. 270-272). London, England: The MIT Press.
computer, which by the way was the first came ever to be created on the computer.
Von Neumann architecture, or the Von Neumann model, stems from a 1945 computer architecture description by the physicist, mathematician, and polymath John von Neumann and others. This describes a design architecture for an electronic digital computer with a control unit containing an instruction register and program counter , external mass storage, subdivisions of a processing unit consisting of arithmetic logic unit and processor registers, a memory to store both data and commands, also an input and output mechanisms. The meaning of the term has grown to mean a stored-program computer in which a command fetch and a data operation cannot occur at the same time because they share a common bus. This is commonly referred to as the Von Neumann bottleneck and often limits the performance of a system.
Computers are changing the world as we know it, and they offer an exciting new way of working. The news represented a complete turnaround for the corporate giant. Microsoft Chairperson, Bill Gates publicly announced his company's new connection to the Internet. The announcement rang through the nation. Gates has consistently ignored the Internet in favor of desktop computing. So, with Microsoft's approval, computers kicked into even higher gear . The pace of innovation continues to astonish even those involved from the start. If one wants to find enthusiasm, intellect, hard work, and imagination; then computers is the place to be .
The fist computer, known as the abacus, was made of wood and parallel wires on which beads were strung. Arithmetic operations were performed when the beads were moved along the wire according to “programming” rules that had to be memorized by the user (Soma, 14). The second earliest computer, invented by Blaise Pascal in 1694, was a “digital calculating machine.” Pascal designed this first known digital computer to help his father, who was a tax collector. Pascal’s computer could only add numbers, and they had to be entered by turning dials (Soma, 32). It required a manual process like its ancestor, the abacus. Automation was introduced in the early 1800’s by a mathematics professor named Charles Babbage. He created an automatic calculation machine that was steam powered and stored up to 1000 50-digit numbers. Unlike its two earliest ancestors, Babbage’s invention was able to perform various operations. It relied on cards with holes punched in them, which are called “punch cards.” These cards carried out the programming and storing operations for the machine. Unluckily, Babbage’s creation flopped due to the lack of mechanical precision and the lack of demand for the product (Soma, 46). The machine could not operate efficiently because technology was t adequate to make the machine operate efficiently Computer interest dwindled for many years, and it wasn’t until the mid-1800’s that people became interested in them once again.
Thousands of years ago calculations were done using people’s fingers and pebbles that were found just lying around. Technology has transformed so much that today the most complicated computations are done within seconds. Human dependency on computers is increasing everyday. Just think how hard it would be to live a week without a computer. We owe the advancements of computers and other such electronic devices to the intelligence of men of the past.
Houghton. A Brief Timeline in the History of Computers. Western Carolina University Retrieved January 30th 2014 from Western Carolina University:
...othing like what are computers are today, it still started the ball rolling for the invention of many practical and useful computers today.