The purpose of this paper is to review and evaluate two recent studies, published within the last 5 years, on diabetes associated with other risk factors. One article provided insights on sudden cardiac death among diabetics. The second article evaluated the trends in incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among persons diagnosed diabetes in the U.S (Burrows et al. 2010).
Diabetes mellitus is linked to a risk of cardiovascular disease, sudden cardiac arrest, and death (Forslund et al. 2010). With those affected by sudden cardiac death, nearly half are found to have had at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (Forslund et al. 2010). According to Forslund et al (2010), these sudden deaths could have been significantly reduced had they been effectively treated. Thus, this study was implemented to examine how preventive measures had been carried out for people with diabetes mellitus as documented in their medical records (Forslund et al. 2010). Aiming primarily on sudden cardiac death, an additional focus was to evaluate the documentation and procedures used in the caring for diabetics (Forslund et al. 2010).
Documentation in medical records for people with DM were collected, reviewed, and analyzed using qualitative and quantitative methods (Forslund et al. 2010). To reduce the large number of data, the sample years were limited between 2003 and 2005, resulting in 56 people diagnosed with diabetes mellitus who died of a sudden cardiac arrest. Per this study sample, 2 persons had Type I diabetes and 54 had Type II diabetes (Forslund et al. 2010). The subjects’ medical reports were evaluated according to the documentation of care given during the year prior to each individual’s sudden cardiac death (Forslund et al. 201...
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... to longer diabetes durations and greater chance to develop ESRD (Burrows et al. 2010).
In conclusion, overall for both studies, to prevent complications and a premature death, it is necessary to do more than just ask questions about the patient’s life style, symptoms of angina, diet and nutrition, etc (Forslund et al. 2010). The true challenge for nurses is to involve people with DM in their own care and thus improve the prognosis (Forslund et al. 2010). And in reducing ESRD incidence, continual interventions, such as blood glucose and blood pressure control, to improve diabetes care and to increase awareness of risk factors for kidney disease in diabetics might be a key factor (Burrows et al. 2010). Ultimately, prevention of DM and improved diabetes management are likely to contribute in part to the prevention of kidney disease, ESRD, and sudden cardiac arrest.
According to the Department of Health and Human Services (2011), 18.5 % of the United States population is over the age of 60 years. Of these, 10.9 million (26.9%) are diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (ADA, 2011.) In Lewis and associates’ text book on Medical- Surgical nursing, Lewis states that the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) increases with age (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, and Camera, 2011.) The purpose of this paper is to explore the disease process of diabetes mellitus in the geriatric population.
It was to this respect that, the search could detect ‘’hypertension’’ as the leading risk factor for heart disease. And this preceded three quarters of heart failures cases as compared to coronary artery disease, which led to most heart failures in less than 40% of the cases. Also, an increase in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter became a mirror to the Framingham study as incident heart diseases in the individuals who are free from myocardial infarction. Although studies have shown that, the manifestation of heart failures can be present without the left ventricular systolic dysfunction, other risk factors could lead to that. Also, they (Framingham study) were able to detect ‘’too much of cholesterol’’ as a link to cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, research believed that has elevated among certain heart diseases such as coronary heart often leads to stroke, too high blood pressure among numerous patients. Having said that, the search discovered ‘’obesity’’ also as a concomitantly with hypertension which elevates lipids and diabetes versus questions on smoking behavior. Having said that, these risk factors are believed to have attributed to heart diseases. Therefore, it became a national concern to the general US population and that of the fourth director of Framingham heart study, William Castelli
Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 44(9), 406. doi:10.3928/00220124-20130617-38. Torpy, J. M. (2011). The 'Standard' Diabetes. Jama, 305(24), 2592 pp.
Every year, one point five million Americans are diagnosed. Diabetes remains the seventh leading cause of death in the United States in 2015. 79,535 death certificates listed it as the underlying cause of death, and a total of 252,806 death certificates listed diabetes as an underlying or contributing cause of death in 2015. The total cost of diagnosed diabetes in the United States in 2012 was two-hundred and forty-five billion (Statistics About
Jost, Kenneth. “Diabetes Epidemic: why is this serious disease on the increase?” The CQ Researcher (March 9, 2001): 185-200
According to the WebMD, Health Services Group, there is a complication that is usually connected with prediabetes, other then it leading to type 2, like heart disease that can possibly develop in early diabetes ( WebMD, 2015-2017).
Because we are all physiologically the same there are factors that must be addressed in all Diabetics
One of the leading causes of death in the United States is heart disease. “Approximately every 29 seconds one American will have a heart attack, and once a minute one American will die from a heart attack” (Ford-Martin and Odle, 915). According to the Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine men over the age of 45 and women over the age of 55 are considered at risk for heart disease. Heart disease is a major cause of death. It is beneficial to individuals who seek to prevent heart disease to recognize the risks leading to heart attacks as they are one of the primary indications of developing heart disease; especially those that fall into the at risk age groups. These risks consist of some that cannot be changed such as heredity risks, or those that can change such as smoking habits. It is very important to know these specific risks for prevention and to understand the symptoms of heart attacks, such as sweating or the feeling of weakness so if these or other symptoms occur people are aware. Finally heart disease treatment is of vital importance if you experience a heart attack so you can learn how to prevent another one from occurring.
My interest in this topic is a result of recent experiences with Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 (DMI), especially with the following two instances: a young adult patient admitted at the hospital following a DKA episode during one of my nursing rotations and one of my instructors with type 1 diabetes. Also, my father was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, this has increased my eagerness to study and explore more about the disease.
Magliano, DJ, Shaw, JE, Shortreed, SM, Nusselder, WJ, Liew, D, Barr, EL, Zimmet, PZ & Peeters, A 2008, ‘Lifetime risk and projected population prevalence of diabetes’, Diabetologia, vol.51, pp.2179-2186, viewed 15th May 2011.
As Burns and Grove (2001) & Polit and Hungler (1997) as cited in Ingham-Broomfield (2008 p.104) mentioned that the primary purpose of the literature review is to discuss what is known, gain broad background and understanding of the available information related to the study. As Coughlan, Cronin, and Ryan (2007) stated that literature review should also help to identify any gaps in the literature relating to the problem and suggest how those gaps might be filled. The authors of this article has not provided any review of literature and this could misinform the reader what the main focus of the study; however, several appropriate references were used in the background. The terms used in the key concepts are adequately defined and consistent with the topic. The background of the study introduces the previous knowledge or what is already known which is to investigate the effectiveness of an ATP designed to help ESRD patients to cope with stressors while receiving haemodialysis treatment.
Diabetes is a common disease, which can be a serious, life-long illness caused by high levels of glucose in the blood. This condition is when the body cannot produce insulin or lack of insulin production from the beta cells in the islet of Langerhans in the pancreas. Diabetes can cause other health problems over time. Eye, kidneys, and nerves can get damaged and chances of stroke are always high. Because of the serious complications, the purposes of teaching a plan for diabetes patients are to optimize blood glucose control, optimize quality of life, and prevent chronic and potentially life-threatening complications.
according to the National Institute of Health, Type 2 Diabetes is responsible for 30% of cases in this country. This example explains how Zin...
Zimmet, P., K.G. Alberti, and J. Shaw.2001. Global and societal implications of the diabetes epidemic. Nature 414 (December 13): 782-86
Nazarko, L. (2009). Causes and consequences of diabetes. British Journal of Healthcare Assistants, 3(11), 534-538. Retrieved from EBSCOhost.