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Compare and contrast the crime control and due process models of criminal justice
Compare and contrast the crime control and due process models of criminal justice
Compare and contrast the crime control and due process models of criminal justice
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The criminal justice field faces the challenges of getting criminals off the streets, and prosecuting them, while using limited funds and manpower. Citizens expect results, and want to feel safe when they are in their own neighborhood. On the other hand, citizens in our democratic country expect people to be treated fairly, and feel the need to make sure that no innocent people are wrongly sent to jail. It is a balancing act of keeping the community safe on one hand, and on the other, making sure that no one’s rights are violated. It is like being told to do a job, but then having all these rules and obstacles you have to navigate around in order to do your job. The following paper is a study of the differences between due process, and crime control model, as well as assessing which one is more effective with stopping crime in today’s world.
One of the first things we need to look at is, what is the due process model? It is a model in which there is the assumption that every effort needs to be done to ensure that an innocent person is not convicted of a crime. It adheres to the belief of strict evidence, which means to show beyond a reasonable doubt that the person actually committed the crime, and the charge meets all of the requirements of the crime. The state in this model is burdened with showing evidence that the person has committed the crime, and the defense has the opportunity to show the evidence in inconclusive. Due to the strict guidelines of admissibility of evidence, and the right’s awarded to presumed innocent people, there end up being many guilty people that get off on a technicality, that should be incarcerated.
The next model we will take a look at is the Crime Control model. It is based on co...
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... get away with their crime, if all the rules were not followed. It would definitely make a quick impact on the rate of crime in our society, but some innocent people would be prosecuted. This model goes along with the views of our society, in that people want a quick fix for the problem, and expect to see results. For the greater good of the whole, this is the best model. In our democratic society however, this model would not be able to function on its own. We have constitutional rights in our society, and there will always be people there to make sure that the due process is followed.
Works Cited
Cole, G.F., & Smith, C.E. (2010). The American system of criminal justice (12th ed.).
Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning
Kauzlarich, D., & Barlow, H.D. (2009). Introduction to criminology (9th ed.).
Lexington, MA: Rowan & Littlefield Publishers.
Bender, L David, and Bruno Leone. Criminal Justice: opposing viewpoints. St. Paul, Minnesota: Greenhaven Press, 1981. Print.
There are a number of differences between Packer’s two models. Packers Crime Control Model’s primary concern is the efficiency of criminal processing from investigation to sentencing. This has been likened to an “Assembly line conveyor belt”. The Due Process Model, unlike the Crime Control Model, is primarily concerned with fairness, supporting the rights of the accused, and quality control. The Due Process Model focuses on upholding the constitutional rights of each person regardless of their social or financial status. Packer’s Crime Control Model places more emphasis on the efficiency of the court system and obtaining guilty pleas regardless of law enforcement adherence to the rights of the accused. The Due Process Model also known as
When examining criminal justice systems it is important to note two important criminal justice models, the due process model and the crime control models. Most governments function based on several aspects from each criminal justice model; these crime models were initially introduced by Herbert Packer in 1968 (Cole, Smith, & DeJong, 2014). The due process model in the criminal justice system reflects the formal decision making process and highlights the importance of ensuring the criminal justice system works upon reliable knowledge (Cole, Smith, & DeJong, 2014). The crime control model is based on efficiency and ensuring crime is repressed as much as possible; this model promotes bargaining and often encourages defendants making deals with
The overall basis for a democratic society is freedom. We stress that freedom allows us to be individualistic. Herbert L. Packer, a law professor, charted out two ideas in our criminal justice system. The idea or crime control and due process are ideally two separate entities, but have been found in our criminal justice system to overlap (Barkan, 2012). Due to the fact that these two ideas overlap, causes tension within our democratic society. These ideas cause there to be a double edge sword. As stated in our textbook, “the more crime control we want, the less due process we have; the more due process we have, the less crime control we can expect.” (Barkan, 2012). Ideally, we would like to live in a society where everyone is treated equally regardless of race, gender, social class, etc. However, police have the difficult task of making sure arrests are made unbiased.
Crime control models have been important to the government in the United States because it allows it to keep citizens away from crimes. First of all, Packer’s due process model is a system in which it has a liberal approach in maintaining the rights and liberties of any citizen. According to the textbook crime control in America: what works states that (Worrall, 2015, pg. 26) “due process advocates believe that the government’s job is not first and foremost to control crime, but rather to maximize human freedom, which includes protecting citizens from undue government influence.” The due process model is simply protecting citizens from unfair justice. The government at times makes mistakes in incarcerating people that were believe to be guilty.
“Most Supreme Court Cases regarding criminal justice try to strike a balance between the rights of the individual and the rights of the society. The Supreme Court has the difficult task of bringing balance between these two often conflicting goals.” (POLICE, 2011, p.181).
Crime Control Model and Due Process is two different important models that deals with the system. The crime control is a model of corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior can be controlled by more use of incarceration and other forms of strict supervision. Due process is a system that is based on the principle that a citizen has some rights and cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards. Due process deals with criminal behavior and crime control deals with the system. These two models are very important to the system and the citizens and most importantly the courts. Crime control model believes that the arresting of people in the criminal justice system has a negative
Criminal Law declares what conduct is illegal and proscribes a penalty. Although, we rely on our court system to administer justice, sometimes the innocent are convicted (Risinger). Most people would not be able to imagine a person who is convicted of a crime as innocent, sometimes that is the case. Imagine what a variance that is: an innocent criminal. In an article by Radley Balko he asks the question, “How many more are innocent?” In his article, he questions America’s 250th DNA exoneration and states that it raises questions about how often we send the wrong person to prison. The other issue that follows is the means of appealing the court’s decision and who they can turn to for help.
DELIBERATING CRIME AND PUNISHMENT: A WAY OUT OF GET TOUGH JUSTICE? Criminology & Public Policy, 5(1), 37-43. Retrieved November 23, 2010, from Criminal Justice Periodicals. (Document ID: 1016637721).
The two models of crime that have been opposing each other for years are the due process model and the crime control model. The due process model is the principle that an individual cannot be deprived of life, liberty, or property without appropriate legal procedures and safeguards. ( Answers.Com) Any person that is charged with a crime is required to have their rights protected by the criminal justice system under the due process model. The crime control model for law enforcement is based on the assumption of absolute reliability of police fact-finding, treats arrestees as if they are already found guilty. (Crime control model) This paper will compare and contrast the role that the due process and crime control models have on shaping criminal procedure policy.
In 1968, Herbert Packer was a Stanford University law professor who constructed two models of criminal process, due process and crime control. The due process model was Packer’s view that criminal defendants should be presumed innocent, courts must protect suspects’ rights, and there must be come limits placed on police powers. The crime control model is a model that emphasizes law and order and argues that every effort must be made to suppress crime, and to try, convict, and incarcerate offenders. Packer’s crime control model suggested that most cases ended in guilty please or withdrawals. In contrast, his due process model suggested that cases that go to trail and are appealed were the most influential. The due process and crime control model differentiate in
The basis of criminal justice in the United States is one founded on both the rights of the individual and the democratic order of the people. Evinced through the myriad forms whereby liberty and equity marry into the mores of society to form the ethos of a people. However, these two systems of justice are rife with conflicts too. With the challenges of determining prevailing worth in public order and individual rights coming down to the best service of justice for society. Bearing a perpetual eye to their manifestations by the truth of how "the trade-off between freedom and security, so often proposed so seductively, very often leads to the loss of both" (Hitchens, 2003, para. 5).
Schmalleger, F. (2009), Prentice Hall, Publication. Criminal Justice Today: An introductory Text for the 21st century
So, in a time of social, political and economic change it makes sense that how we enforce the law and systems of punishment would begin to shift into the public eye. Gunther claims that we have a criminal processing system, rather than a criminal justice system; But what makes a criminal justice system an impartial justice oriented system rather than the harsh, biased and unfair processing mechanism that Gunther saw? For this, we look to Packer’s four assumptions of a justice system.
Both the federal government and states have authority to prosecute for criminal behavior in the United States. Each has their own criminal statutes, court systems, prosecutors, and police agencies to help deter crime. These criminal statutes control how suspects are investigated charged and tried. The court system institutes rules and policies that consist of their own structures and procedures within each state. Prosecutors are the most powerful and influential representatives of the court system. Sometimes a case can begin in a lower court then work its way up to a higher court depending on the crime. The law enforcers are made up of small town police officials and go all the way up to large federal agencies.