Credibility and Realism in Daniel Defoe's Moll Flanders and Aphra Behn's Oroonoko In the Dictionary of Literary Terms, Harry Shaw states, "In effective narrative literature, fictional persons, through characterization, become so credible that they exist for the reader as real people." (1) Looking at Daniel Defoe's Moll Flanders (2) and Aphra Behn's Oroonoko (3) the reader will find it difficult to make this definition conform to Moll and Behn's narrator. This doesn't mean that Defoe's and Behn's work is 'ineffective', but there is indeed a difficulty: it is the claim of truth. Defoe in his preface states, "The Author is here suppos'd to be writing her own History." (Moll Flanders, p. 1) and Behn claims, "I was myself an eye-witness to a great part, of what you will find here set down, and what I could not be witness of, I received from the mouth of the chief actor in this history, the hero himself, (...)" (Oroonoko, 75) Although both authors claim their stories are true, and thereby that their characters are realistic, there seems to be a gap between the authors' claims and the "reality" of the characterization. This question is closely connected to the fact that both novels belong to the earliest English novels. There was no fixed tradition that the authors worked in; instead the novel was in the process of being established. The question arises whether the two works lack a certain roundness in their narrators. The main characteristic of the new literary form of the novel according to Ian Watt is "truth to individual experience" (4) and its new shape is created by a focus on the individual character. He is presented in a specific definition of time and space. The second section of this paper will show how far this is realized in both of the novels. In the third section I want to analyze the characters' individualism in connection with the claim to truth and their complexity in description. 2 Realism Watt argues that the characters in a novel owe their individuality to the realistic presentation. "Realism" is expressed by a rejection of traditional plots, by particularity, emphasis on the personality of the character, a consciousness of duration of time and space and its expression in style. 2.1 Rejection of traditional plots Watt states that, "Previous literary forms had reflected the general tendency of their cultures to make conformity to traditional practice the major test of truth: .
Guadalupe fur seals only live on rocky coasts and in caves found along shores. Out of all of the nine species of the seals, the Guadalupe have been the only ones sighted in the northern hemisphere. Meanwhile, all of the other fur seals are in the southern hemisphere. These seals tend to only live in tropical weather and swim in saltwater. While they aren’t on shore, they dive to an average maximum 17 meters for about 2.5 minutes. After that time they have to surface for air.
Murphy, B. & Shirley J. The Literary Encyclopedia. [nl], August 31, 2004. Available at: http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=2326. Access on: 22 Aug 2010.
"Seals and Sea Lions Are Marine Mammals Called 'pinnipeds' That Differ in Physical Characteristics and Adaptations." What's the Difference between Seals and Sea Lions? National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 21 Apr. 2014. Web. 30 Apr. 2014. .
Whilst both authors put forth an opinionated view of moral issues, the opinions presented leaned more traditionally. Immorality in every instance was analyzed through an inherently negative lens. This biased exploration of moral issues leaves the reader with a conflicting mindset. One might like the characters and disagree with how they acted, or the bias put forth changes how the reader views the characters as a whole. Looking through the inner conflicts and external conflicts present in both works one can see the similar methods authors take to examine moral issues as well as the difficulty of removing a personal investment an author might
This unquestionably might be valid for a considerable lot of them and supporters of sending adolescents to grown-up court are not unsympathetic to this. In any case, the idea driving adolescent court as it was initially settled more than 100 years back was to consider the numerous elements that may make young people take part in violations Juvenile courts have for quite some time been thoughtful to issues of development and circumstance. Therefore, adolescent courts sought after an arrangement of restoration through directing and confinement homes in the expectations of giving these youngsters a supporter in the framework versus a
Stylistically, the book is arranged in rotating chapters. Every fourth chapter is devoted to each individual character and their continuation alo...
Realism is a literary style in which the author describes people, their actions, their emotions and surroundings as close to the reality as possible. The characters are not perfectly good or completely evil; they exhibit strengths and weaknesses, just as real people. The characters often commit crimes or do immoral things, and are not always just good or just evil. In a realistic novel, aspects of the time period or location are also taken into consideration. Characters dress in clothes that befit them, and speak with local dialects. Most importantly, characters are not sugar coated or exaggerated. The characters do things as they would normally do them, and are not worse or better then their real life counterparts.
The first juvenile court was established in 1899 with the assistance of Jane Adams and Julia Lathrop who influences and implemented their concerns of inadequate treatment in institutes and the placements of juveniles with adults in jail or prison. I am going to explain my findings of the history of the juvenile court system.
In the following paper I discuss the situation followed by an analysis of each of the three options “venture-capital round option”, “wait six months option”, and “angel round option.” Finally, I make my recommendation that is the “angel round option.” I decided to choose the angel round option for a couple reasons. I believe it’s the safest option among the three and gives Purinex the best opportunity to partner with a large firm before losing valuation within the company. Furthermore, there are not as many restrictions and the $2 million dollars from angel investors give the company a little more leeway. In addition, there’s a lot less risk involved by taking this approach.
First, it may seem arbitrary, but there has not always been a juvenile justice system, or juvenile court system within the United States of America, or around the world for that matter. Rather, before a system that was dedicated to juveniles was created, youth were treated as adults and were in fact sentenced to lengthy prison sentences. Even worse, these juveniles were not kept separate in a youth facility, or even in separate cell blocks. The juveniles that were convicted of crimes served their sentenced right next to adult offenders that had been charged with minor crimes, ranging all the way to serious and heinous crimes. We can thank reformists in the late 1800’s to the early 1900’s for understanding that there was a duty to bring the
Abrams, M.H., ed. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 6th ed. Vol. 2. New York: Norton, 1993.
With a small group of allies in my corner, I began negotiation with Daniel Kim who represented the FED. I knew this was the most important negotiation for Harborco and tried to smoothly approach the subject. I explained first the importance of the money needed and how it will signify great returns for the area where the plant will be built. I discussed the benefits this project would have to all and at the end asked the FED for the 3 billion dollar loan. I expected a smooth yes and to quickly move on to other topics. However, I was met with a hostile rejection by Daniel Kim and even a rude comment that explained to me that I will never even get close to that amount. I was personally shocked, I did not expect this to be a problem, and asked the FED why they refused to fund such a beneficial project. Daniel Kim answered that they didn?t trust my company and have other projects they would rather fund. He then said that the most the FED was willing to offer was 500 million dollars.
When a juvenile is sent to adult court, there is never any chance at rehabilitating them then. By the mid-18th century, facilities just for juveniles were being built in most major cities across the United States. These facilities generally were privately owned early on and many of them began to come under fire for harsh treatment and abuse of these juveniles. Because of these accusations, in the 19th century, many states decided that they must now take on the responsibility of operating these juvenile detention
Paris, Bernard J. Imagined Human Beings: A Psychological Approach to Character and Conflict in Literature. New York: New York University Press. 1997.
Writers like Mark Twain wrote about what really mattered to the majority of the population. His stories were not considered fairy tales, but narratives. Realism was an important change in literature, because it allowed the average Joe story to be alright. Instead of paying or reading a story about something you will never have, a person will read about the everyday problems. People saw that humans had more in common than they taught. Mark Twain’s narrative, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn expose the literary movement that is known today as Realism. Mark Twain also criticizes the “ills” of the American society, which he hopes he could be able to correct by raising awareness to the problem.