The purpose of this article is to compare the two change management approaches such as Business Process Reengineering (BPR) and Total Quality Management (TQM).The article gives a detail study of evolution and definitions of these two approaches and find out the similarities and differences exists between these two approaches. The article concludes that these two approaches have differences more than similarities. Instead of these differences both approaches used to increase efficiencies of the organizations and are appropriate for different problems which are facing by the organizations in different scenarios. Key Words Business Process Reengineering, Total Quality Management Introduction TQM and BPR are two change management approaches which have received greater attention from organizations perspective throughout the world. Organizations are trying to be more responsive to change which are occurring in environment because of globalization and the use of technology. TQM concept is introduced by Japanese management in early 90’s that aims to achieve long term continuous improvements by achieving customer satisfaction by providing quality products and services. TQM is concerned with small steps in steady improvements in all processes of the organizations. The key elements of this approach are to enhance leadership, focus on customer relation and improvement in all processes by empowering the employees working with in teams. Many organizations have achieved dramatic results from this approach at that time but some were seems unable to get significant result from small steps in improvements. They need bigger change in improvements so during 1990’s BPR concept is emerged and seems to add value in TQM processes. Information T... ... middle of paper ... ...lity of Work Life? Kluwer Academic Publishers Netherland. Hammer M. and Champy J., (1993), Re-engineering the Corporation, Nicholas Brealey, London. Harvey Satrina and Millett Bruce(1992) OD, TQM AND BPR:A COMPARATIVE APPROACH, Australian Journal of Management & Organisational Behaviour. Sethi Vikram & King R. William (2008) Organizational Transformation through Business Process Reengineering,Rahul Print O Pack,India. Working Bibliography Total Quality Management (code 5575) Allama Iqbal University Islamabad. Khan Nawar( 2008) Total Quality Management,Nust Publishing Rawalpindi. Muker jee .P.N(2006) Total Quality Management,Asoke K. Ghost Prentice Hall of India (pvt) ltd New Delhi. Pljain(2001) Q uality control and total quality management ,Mcgraw hill Publisher New Delhi.
TQM is a company’s complete “culture of quality” approach which focuses on long-term success. It strives for continuous improvement, in all aspects of an organization, as a process and not as a short-term goal. TQM’s involves everyone in the organization to transform the organization into a forward-thinking entity by influencing attitudes, practices, structures, and systems of the entire organization (Business Dictionary, 2014). TQM was crafted by William Edwards Deming, a statistician who specialized in statistical process control after World War II. Deming outlined 14 points of TQM where all people of an organization can constantly search for ways to improve the process, product, and service. Deming developed the
Change is an outcome of a specific problems or opportunity that organization is facing. A change is a formal proposal to modify or alter any processes, systems, documents, deliverables, organization structures, strategies, approaches etc. Changes always associate some quantity risk and if they are adequately reviewed, assessed, managed and coordinated, the risk could be minimized. To effectively manage any change a structured approach should be in place to manage both the technical and people sides. Change management is the structured approach that applies a methodical strategy to assist and educate the individuals impacted by the change. Change management comprises understanding the change and controlling the disclosure to vulnerability such that overall risk to the business is handled efficiently. As per research study ninety six percentage of success rate is possible with effective change management and 6 times more likely to meet or exceed project objectives with excellent change management process.
Change process is very crucial for the organization to stay competitive in the market according to (Todnam, 2005). New technologies are emerging, the consumer habits are changing dynamically, and many new developments are taking place. Thus, the organizations have to continuously change so that they may be able to obtain cost effectiveness advantages by adopting these new technologies, increase their market share by being responsive to changing customer habits and be able to grab new opportunities by staying abreast about the new developments that are taking place. Many theories have been proposed for managers so that they may be able to manage the change process.
“Various management systems have also appeared as structures in which to implement quality improvement. One of these is total quality management (TQM), which is a strategy for implementing and managing quality improvement activities on an organization-wide basis.
Total quality management represents both a social revolution in the work place and a rigorously effective approach to professionalism and success. Total quality management is a management system that is an integral part of an organization's strategy and is aimed at continually improving products and service quality so as to achieve high levels of customer satisfaction and build strong customer loyalty .In other words, the true Total Quality organization will eliminate all competition other than from other Total Quality giants. Many companies have benefited from an emphasis on TQM; however, it does require a considerable amount of company wide commitment to be successful . The customer doesn't know what is technically or organizationally feasible. So the key, challenge to a competitive organization, is to raise the expectations of the market place by providing goods and services at quality levels higher than those offered by the competition.
Total quality management is “a system of management based on the principle that every staff member must be committed to maintaining high standards of work in every aspect of a company 's operations” (citation). There are eight key principles to consider when discussing TQM: customer focused organization, leadership, involvement of people, process approach, system approach to management, continual improvement, factual approach to decision making, and mutually beneficial supplier relationships. A customer focused organization is when organizations depend on their customers, they try to understand current and future customer needs, try to meet customer requirements, and make a huge effort to exceed customer expectations.
“While Total Quality Management has proven to be an effective process for improving organizational functioning, its value can only be assured through a comprehensive and well thought out implementation process” (Packard, 1995). Implementing TQM requires large scale change. Change can be difficult in a culture where patterns have been ingrained. However, the survival of the company is dependent upon the change. Change is not just focused on the customer but also on the entire culture of the organization, its belief systems and decision making processes. Changes done according to a plan are usually successful.
TQM is a system of continuous improvement of work processes to enhance the organization’s ability to deliver high-quality products or services in a cost-effective manner [2]. The focus of TQM is to improve customer satisfaction and reduce waste [3]. Customers include ...
The change process within any organization can prove to be difficult and very stressful, not only for the employees but also for the management team. Hayes (2014), highlights seven core activities that must take place in order for change to be effective: recognizing the need for change, diagnosing the change and formulating a future state, planning the desired change, implementing the strategies, sustaining the implemented change, managing all those involved and learning from the change. Individually, these steps are comprised of key actions and decisions that must be properly addressed in order to move on to the next step. This paper is going to examine how change managers manage the implementation of change and strategies used
In past few years, companies and industries of various sizes have become aware that they need to improve business processes such as product development, order fulfilment, planning, distribution, and customer service. So everybody is now focusing on doing process improvement or redesigning.
Change is an integral part of any organization that needs to keep abreast of its competitors in the business. It is important since it is the process through which an organization embraces new ideas or technology for running a business and quits using old-fashioned ways that have proved not to be working. The process of change management is a very crucial one since it determines the success or failure of the change. People fear change, and it is very important that steps are taken towards making them embrace this change and be part and parcel of the change process. This essay delves into the recent structural change that General Electric Company had in its subsidiary, in India.
Business Process Reengineering (BPR) is an important topic in the business related world. It is a topic in which there is a considerable amount of literature that has been written over the past two decades. This paper will be reviewing existing literature on the subject of BPR, with the aim to bring the reader up to date with the latest academic articles on the subject. The review will analyse the reasons for success and failures when implementing BPR into the business place.
Various scholars formulated models that aid in the implementation of quality management techniques in the companies that are highly productive and desire highly effective and efficient performance in its operations. They include Six Sigma, Quality Improvement Techniques (QIT), Management by Objectives (MBO) among others. These have been modified into the ISO Certification models that continue to improve after almost every year. The concept of Total Quality Management has come as an advanced style of quality management that still lays emphasis on the fundamental principles of continuous improvement, focus on the consumer, teamwork and communication and has seen great successes in reputable companies which have had their own way of implementing them.
BPR is a management technique and tool emerged in the early 1990s. Some researchers debated that it has been evolved following the United States financial crisis and recession as a result of the need of the organisations to revamp its processes looking to improve its efficiency and reduce its cost. Professor Hammer is considered one of the leaders who introduce the concept of Business Process Reengineering. Hammer (1990) argued that companies that aim for dramatic improvements through boosting the performance of its processes should be reengineering them rather than directly automating them with their existing deficiencies. Since that time, BPR started to be a popular improvement tool that organisations are keen to implement to become more efficient and hence increase its competitiveness.
Business process reengineering (BPR) is a management approach aiming at improvements by means of elevating efficiency and effectiveness of the processes that exist within and across organizations. The key to BPR is for organizations to look at their business processes from a "clean slate" perspective and determine how they can best construct these processes to improve how they conduct business.