Compare And Contrast Operant Conditioning And Behaviorism

Behaviorism was developed to study observable behavior. Because behaviorism describes the learning process it is also known as the learning theory. Behaviorists indicate that learning and development progress over time, and that the process is due to natural behavior guidelines that control responses and actions. Behaviorism theorists explain conditioning as a response that is paired with a specific stimuli, and thus learning begins. The two types of conditioning are classical and operant. These two types of theories are different in many ways, but are also extremely similar.

In Psychology there are many different learning styles. One of the more famous learning styles is operant conditioning. In operant conditioning there are two major concepts; reinforcement and punishment. By using these two concepts, behaviors can be encouraged or reduce a certain behavior. Next would be the different schedules of reinforcement that effect how often a behavior is likely to continue. Lastly the article goes on to state how behaviors can be shaped using these and other various methods.

Behaviorism includes two theories: classical conditioning, and operant conditioning (McLeod, Psychology Perspectives, 2007). Classical conditioning proposes that behavior, attitudes, and responses are developed by associations. For example, a dog can be conditioned to salivate to the sound of a bell if every time that the bell is rung, food appears. Operant conditioning, on the contrary, is the theory that suggests that behavior, attitudes,

Behaviorism encompasses the idea that organisms learn through interacting with their environment. Operant Conditioning is a division of Behaviorism that involves shaping someone’s behavior through positive and/or negative reactions to their actions. Applied behavior analysis takes the concept of operant conditioning and applies it to situations in the real world.

Behavioral psychology is a branch of psychology that focuses on the study and alteration of people's behaviors, including their actions, emotions and thoughts. ... Techniques that may be applied include cognitive restructuring, behavioral modeling and, most commonly, classical and operant conditioning. John B. Watson is known for establishing the psychological school of behaviorism. He along with B.F. Skinner suggested that environmental influences such as parental approval and social customs shape us into wanting certain things and not wanting others (Rathus, S. A.). Reinforcing good behavior and punishing bad behavior is common within society. Behaviorism studies behaviors that can be measured or observed (Y). Positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement are used in behaviorism. An example would be if a behavior has been good and tasks assigned have been completed, then positive reinforcement is rewarded. If behavior has been poor and tasks assigned have not been completed then negative reinforcement is rewarded, maybe by taking something of value from that person until they complete tasks. Behavioral was placed second because I felt it flowed well behind Social Cognitive in addressing positive and negative

The school of psychology created by John B. Watson that refers to the belief that behaviors can measured, altered, and trained is called Behaviorism. Behaviorism was established with the publication of Watson's classic paper "Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It" (1913). (citer psychology today). Behaviors advanced to become a prevailing force in psychology, for a period of time staring in the 1920s through the 1950s. Behaviorists believe that all behaviors are an effect of conditioning. Regardless of their disposition or background, any person could be disciplined to act in a distinct form given the right type of conditioning. Behaviorist believed that all behavior could be made clear without the compulsion to contemplate their consciousness

Behavioral psychology is a concept that is pegged on the idea that people behaviors through conditioning. Behaviorists believe that people learn through observing and imitating their environment. A child is more predisposed to violence if they were brought up in a war-torn country than if they were brought up a peaceful country.

Chapter nine is mainly about behaviorism. Behaviorism is the theoretical perspective in which learning and behavior are described and explained in terms of stimulus- response relationship. There are two things that could be observed and objectively measured, these two things are environmental stimulus and learner’s behaviors or response. Stimulus is a specific object or event that influences an individual’s learning or behavior. A response is a specific behavior that an individual exhibits. Behaviorist believe that people are born with a blank slate with no inherited tendency to behave on way or another. Over the years the environment slowly molds or conditions the slate so that it is no longer blank. Conditioning is the commonly used term by behaviorist for learning that typically involves specific environmental events leading to the acquisition of specific responses (Ellis, 2013, pg.265).

Behaviorism, the study which involves determinism and observable behavior is a disciplinary of cognitive psychology. It looks at how people act and decides why. A pioneer and famous psychologist in this discipline is Ivan Pavlov, known for the “Pavlov Effect”. This effect is an example of classical conditioning which is the learning of a new behavior through association.

C. Skinner was the Psychologist who was behind the theory of operant conditioning. Operant conditioning includes consequences, reinforcements, and punishments. Reinforcements may make it more likely that the specific behavior will occur again.