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a comprehensive essay on modernization theory
a comprehensive essay on modernization theory
a comprehensive essay on modernization theory
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Comparative Analysis of Modernization
Afghanistan and Japan
Introduction:
“The concept of modernization comes from a view of societies as having a standard uni-linear evolutionary pattern, as described in the social evolutionism theories” (Modernization). Modernization is the process of transition from a traditional and pre-modern society to a modern society. Societies must follow this process to achieve modernity. Also, urbanization and industrialization are two other processes that are linked to modernization. It can be said that thesetwo are the vehicles for the achievement of modernity.From the 16th to 19th century, modernization was introduced in European countries (Twente)through a long process of war making and state making. Europeans build up their military, economy, and culture via this process and became modernized countries. Then in 20th century, the term modernization was transferred to the whole world. Modernization theory was used very well in some countries which were eager for the rapid development including Japan.By looking at the history of modernization in the whole world, we cognize that the process of modernization succeed in some societies but failed in some other societies despite of their effort to apply the process. Afghanistan is one of those countries that has actually failed in the process of modernization; however Japan is an example of countries who have succeed in becoming a modernized society. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the process of modernization theories that have failed in Afghanistan but were successful in Japan and obstacles that this process faced in Afghanistan.
Historical Background of Modernization:
Afghanistan:
The first modernization process of Afghanistan was started ...
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Modernization is defined as the conversion from the former civilizations in society to contemporary society; as it is establish today in the West. It models a perspective of economic, social, and cultural progress that enlightens the global disparity in terms of modifying levels of scientific improvement between societies. By presenting modern approaches in underdeveloped countries, societies will be knowledgeable of solidifications in their economies. This dominant theory refers to a variety of believers of Karl Marx’s perspectives that encourage the explanation of improvement or underdevelopment of countries. Everyone isn’t a fan of Karl Marx’s perspective. The mutual features between Max Weber and Emile Durkheim also interpret the developmental illustration of this theory. Development implies the bridging of these gaps by an imitative process, occurring in stages, such that traditional sectors and/or countries gradually assume the qualities of the 'modern' western. Max Weber observed that with modern civilization the societies would only profit from rationality. The title of Durkheim’s book, Division of Labor in Society, basically summarizes how he views modernization. Durkheim’s believes that with modernization will be the creation of a growing division of labor. He expects the flop of modern social unions in modernization might lead to anomie. Elevation in anomie will eventually cause a growth in crime rates. The theory is in fact a unilinear, ethnocentric theory and it is with all its shortcomings which one can conclude that it provides an unworkable guide to Caribbean development.