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Strengths of resilience theory
Strengths of resilience theory
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I. INTRODUCTION Natural disaster and climate change are emerging as major threats to the coastal community who are living largely in small islands and coastal areas [1],[2]. Any issues caused by or associated with the potential impacts of natural disaster and climate change will have profound effects on the coastal community. Additionally, the community who relies on natural resources for subsistence and economic activities has been influenced over the last few decades. Therefore, all attention from researchers, environmental activists, and development practitioners has been increasing in terms of community resilience [3],[4],[5],[6]. As a small island, Maitara Island is one of the most impacted and vulnerable island North Maluku Province-Indonesia. …show more content…
Meanwhile, Resilience as a descriptive concept, with precise definition and meaning and operationalized quantitatively, can be applied to hard systems in physical, ecological, and climate hard sciences. Resilience, in this usage, can be dubbed as ecosystem resilience, ecological resilience, engineering resilience, or simply, resilience …show more content…
Therefore, many conceptual frameworks proposed to measure this concept [30],[31]. Overall, most of these frameworks put disaster resilience in the same way, in which they all focus on common factors that could reduce vulnerability and increase community resilience. Those factors include economic resources, assets and skills, information and knowledge, support and supportive networks, access to services, and shared community
Climate Change and Global Warming cause sea levels to rise. This increase in sea levels not only causes inundation of low lying and coastal areas but also irrevocable damage to coastal environments. Globally the ocean is predicted to rise nearly 140 cm on a global scale by the year 2100 (Cooper et al. 2013); therefore this has massive implications for countries all around the world with cities (settlements etc.) based near bodies of water. When compared to the last 80 years this is an acceleration of nearly twice the rate that ...
After a disaster hits, it takes a long time for the local and state government to regain its basic functions and to draft redevelopment plans (Olshansky et al., 2008). With malfunctioning government, it is hard to start the recovery process promptly and citizens who are in need of immense amount of economic and social support suffer from lack of resources and public services.
Bissell, R. (2010). Catastrophic Readiness and Response Course, Session 6 – Social and Economic Issues. Accessed at http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu/crr.asp
When Hurricane Sandy hit shore in 2012 it left behind a path of debris and destruction that the coastal communities of New Jersey and New York were not adequately prepared for. Starting as a tropical cyclone in the Caribbean, Sandy made its way up the Atlantic coast before making a sharp turn for the densely populated northeast. Unlike other hurricanes in the region, Sandy maintained momentum as it moved north and met unusually warm waters that helped fuel the storm’s enormous power. It made landfall during a high tide that creating record storm surges, that resulted flooding and massive damage. On its journey, the the hurricane accumulated energy as it merged with a low-pressure system coming from the west. These conditions created the vicious weather system that dumped rain and snow across the region. The destruction costs were among the highest in history, and more than a year later, communities are still working to recover. To many, Sandy was a wake-up call, creating a new sense of urgency to make cities and neighborhoods resilient in the face of natural disasters. Storms are an inevitable part of living on the coast, but the need for long-term recovery and preparation for the future is growing due to the threat of climate change.
Communities must come together in order to be aware of the steps that must be taken to reduce or prevent risk. “The guidance, programs, processes, and systems that support each component of the National Preparedness System enable a collaborative, whole community approach to national preparedness that engages individuals, families, communities, private and nonprofit sectors, faith based organizations and all levels of government.” (FEMA, 2011). Resources within a community are prioritized and customized based on community-based issues and local security programs. The resources used as the front line of defense are first responders, such as police officers, firefighters and medical personnel. The resources are provided and prioritized based on the priority of threat and risks to a specific community. Therefore, the threats and risks targeted towards a community must be analyzed and acknowledged in order to apply the correct resources to the opposing prioritized threats. Disasters and emergencies typically begin at the local level and eventually require resources from state and federal
within inner city communities. This paper focuses on the different activities offered to single parent families living inner city communities and the benefits and constraints that come along with these provided services.
The Oxford dictionary defines the word resilience as “the capacity to recover quickly from difficulties” (Oxford Dictionaries | English, 2017). In simpler words the term resilience is the ability to bounce back from tough situations. This straight forward definition of resilience is only one of many ways in which people define resilience. Psychology Today simply states that people who are resilient do not dwell on negative things that happen to them or in their lives, and rather get on with things, “Resilience
“Resilience is defined as an attitude that enables the individual to examine, enhance and utilize the strengths, characteristics and other resources available to him or her”. (Harrington, 2012) By learning how to manage resilience in the key elements of your life such as your emotions, spiritual and social relationships, along with how to deal family situations and placing a positive spin on obstacles that arise will help reduce stress. I find that I use resilience when a trying to organize a group of people with many moving parts and they are creating their own agenda, this is when I use the emotion element relating to resilience. It is important that I can work through stressful situations and manage my emotions within my personal life as well as in
The literature specifically highlights the effects of Hurricane Dean on the community of Portland Cottage. The literature relieved that there are resources outside of the government that is available to communities that can assist in the disaster recovery process. In addition, it outlined the government’s role in disaster management in a general and presented the institutional framework as it exists in Jamaica. There are a number of key stakeholders in the disaster recovery process and the roles they played were outlined. These factors and perspectives now determine the basis on which the research and methodology are based.
Resilience is a simple concept but many definitions exist, making it hard to operationally define. For the purpose of the current study, the definition has been derived from an extensive construct review by Windle (2011). Resilience is the process in which individuals undergo when adapting to stress, challenges, or trauma. The individual uses resources in their environment during the process to “bounce back” from adversity (Windle, 2011). Such as social support and coping methods (Mahmoud, 2012).
According to the American Psychological Association website, there are 10 different ways to build resilience. Those 10 ways are Make connections, Avoid seeing crises as insurmountable problems, Accept that change is a part of living, Move toward your goals, Take decisive actions, Look for opportunities for self-discovery, Nurture a positive view of yourself, Keep things in perspective, Maintain a hopeful outlook, Take care of yourself, and Additional ways of strengthening resilience may be helpful (apa.org). In my perspective, three out of the 10 different ways to build resilience are more important: Make connections, avoid seeing crises as insurmountable problems, and accept that change is part of living.
There are three different types of resilience: natural which is innate from birth, adaptive which is installed over
QUESTION ONE: Chapter 12 discusses the issue of police discretion and community relations. There are 8 main issues raised by the authors. Describe the highlights of the issues.
Steward T.A. Pickett, Brian McGrath, M.L. Cadenasso & Alexander J. Felson. “Ecological Resilience and Resilient Cities.” Building Research & Information, 42:2 (2014), 143-157
Communities throughout the country and the world are susceptible to disasters. The environment and location of a community often predisposes a greater susceptibility to the type of disaster. For example Central Pennsylvania would not be susceptible to an avalanche however communities in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado would have increase vulnerability. Understanding the types of disaster for which the community is susceptible is essential for emergency preparedness (Nies & McEwen, 2011). All communities are susceptible to man-made disasters; terrorism, fires, and mass transit accidents and emergency preparedness are essential. The Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency (PEMA) is responsible for disaster planning.