Comfort theory by Katheryn Kolcaba is the experience of having Physical, Psychospiritual, Environmental and sociocultural needs met by the relief, ease, or transcendence of each problem. For example pain is the physical issue, Low self-esteem would be a psychospiritual, being in a noisy room can be environment, and not having sufficient finances for sociocultural problems. To relieve any of these problems is to meet each need and solve the problem. Ease is to calm the problem reducing or taking it away, and transcendence is rise above the needs or outgrow the needs (Flood, 2013). This theory addresses how one would identify and solve problems related to care, it also is used in nursing assessment. Identification of the problem is the first …show more content…
If one is lacking then it brings down the others and the opposite occurs if they advance together. This chart explains the theory in a way that research can be conducted. Based on the article “A practical application of Katharine Kolcaba’s comfort theory to cardiac patients” by Robin Krinsky two case studies were used to test the theory. The first case study was using the theory to state what went wrong in a situation. The patient had a poor outcome in this case study, the theory was applied to see what could have been done to increase the patients comfort and care.
A patient who was experiencing a MI went to the ER and remained there for 12 hours with no rest and no contact with wife. Normal precautions for MI were completed, labs drawn appropriately, EKG’s taken, Oxygen and Nitro administered. However, the patient had no quiet time and was transferred to cardiac floor after relief of chest pain. Without nursing staff attending to any needs other than immediate pain the patient was admitted into a 4 bed room. Unable to relax and worrying about being in the hospital alone the patient starts feeling angina again. They are upset and uncertain about what is happening. (Krinsky, 2014) Using the comfort model on this situation it is easy to see that a few things could be done to help. This can be simply put with the taxonomic structure of comfort
I find The Behavioral model similar to the hospice philosophy, in which the focus is on holistic care. Johnson's model is influenced by the biological, psychological and social factors and focuses on the needs that are common to people. Therefore, the importance to maintain and restore the balance in stressful situations can be challenging! The model's subsystems, structural and functional components all integrate enabling the nurse to understand the patient's behavior. As an example, some dying patients will present hostility and resentment toward nurses and doctors. Then, it is obvious to understand that these dying patients are displacing a defense mechanism as a protection for the fears that they cannot express.
Family centred care and comfort care theory both work for the well being of patient. Family centred care focus to work with family while providing care for the sick child. Family and pediatric staff works in collaboration to make care plan that works the best for sick child (Coyne, O'Neill, Murphy, & Costello, 2011). Similarly, comfort care theory focus on child’s physical, psychospiritual, sociocultural, and environmental aspects. “When comfort needs are addressed in one context, total comfort is enhanced in the remaining context” (Kolcaba & Dimarco, 2005, p. 190). When nurses apply comfort care theory, it is to achieve holistic care of sick children by focusing on all aspects (Kolcaba
It is based on the relationship between the patient who is going through a period of life altering event and their environment. It explains the patients ability to transcend beyond self when facilitated by health providers such as nurses, therefore, they can expand intrapersonally, interpersonally, temporally, and transpersonally, leading to develop a new perspective and meaning of life. The theory inquires knowledge beyond qualitative data, as it requires the patient participate so their perspective and experience are being
84). Seven assumptions are the foundation for the Theory of Transpersonal Caring. The first assumption states that the nurse has the moral commitment to protect and enhance the human dignity of the patient. Second, caring is respecting the subjective and spiritual needs of the patient during times of despair, honoring “an I-Thou Relationship rather than an I-It Relationship”(Alligood, 2014, p. 84). For example, honoring his or her needs, routines, or rituals. The theory’s third assumption states that effective caring is accomplished by establishing human connection. The nurse must seek to connect with the inner spirit of another by being present in the moment. The fourth assumption discusses the importance of honoring the wholeness of the person. Watson’s fifth assumption is about finding one’s inner harmony. “The nurse helps another through this process to access the healer within” (Alligood, 2014, p. 85). Assumption six focuses on the practice of caring. Continued growth in physical and mental well-being are essential to advance nursing practice. The nurse’s personal history and knowledge gained from worldly experiences shapes the way he/she may practice. Lastly, the seventh assumption states that the practice of caring is ongoing, and a central part to both nursing and Jean Watson’s Theory of Caring (Alligood,
A nurse is able to achieve this great balance, with the patient and self, by being conscious of the environment that surrounds them and through self awareness. For example, in the scene of an emergency, first and foremost, a nurse must check the environment before started emergent care. Both the patient and nurse must be safe for treatment to be effective. The environment is what surrounds us; our workplace, home, communities, issues we think about, the people we interact with, and the emotions associated with these interactions. The nurse knows that all of these components play an integral role in maintaining stability in a person’s life and health. The nurse assumes care of not just a disease process but of a human being as a whole; a family, a livelihood, a spirit, a person. A nurse knows that in order for holistic care to be effective, the care taker themselves should be at a point of stability as well. A true nurse knows that in order to excel you must know your limits and understand that while your main goal is to help the patient regain their strength, identity, and independence, that goal does not have to be achieved by compromising your own self, identity, and
Does the theory have broad application or is the application only confined within a narrow focus? This theory can be applied to all areas of nursing because all patients experience a form of uncertainty when health is not
The development of nursing theories has provided a perspective in which one can define the purpose of nursing, when nursing is required, and establish the parameters and goals of therapeutic nursing activities (Ahmed,2001). A nursing theory is defined "as concepts, definitions, relationships, and assumptions derived from nursing models or from other disciplines and project a purposive, systematic view of phenomena by designing specific inter-relationships among concepts for the purposes of describing, explaining and predicting the phenomena of nursing” (Boxer & Jones, 2010). In addition, nursing theories provide frameworks through which nurses can examine various situations. As nurses encounter new situations, these frameworks provide a structure for organization, analysis, decision making and communication (Ahmed, 2001). The following paper will discuss the middle range nursing theory of Family Stress and Adaptation by Geri LoBiondo-Wood, and how it relates to patient care and guides nursing practice.
Nursing behaviors that improve patient comfort are as simple as positioning and repositioning, knowing patients special comfort habits, and advocating for family presence (Kolcaba & DiMarco, 2005). It is important to use a measurement tool to assess comfort and remember to reassess for a positive outcome or plan a new intervention. Comfort is associated with the pursuit of healthy behavior, increased patient satisfaction, and better cost-benefit ratios (Kolcaba & DiMarco, 2005). Although Watson’s caring model is a broad philosophy that applies to nursing practice in general, nurses utilizing this theory would find Kolcaba’s middle-range comfort theory aligns well within the framework those
Smith, M.J., Liehr, P.R., (2008) Middle Range Theory for Nursing. Second Edition. Springer Publishing Company LLC. New York, NY 10036
One of the theories of nursing is Dorothea Orem’s self-care theory, also called the self-care deficit theory. Nursing theories are important for several reasons. The profession is strengthened when knowledge is built on sound theory (Black, 2014). Theory is important for reasoning, thinking, decision-making, and supporting excellence in practice (Black, 2014). Dorothea Orem’s theory is a conceptual model that provides a structure for critical thinking in the nursing process (Black, 2014). A conceptual model provides a comprehensive and holistic perspective of nursing (Black, 2014). Orem published her theory in 1959 and continued to develop her model, eventually formalizing three interrelated theories: theory of self-care, theory of self-care deficit, and theory of nursing system (Black, 2014). The focus of Orem’s model is the patient’s self-care capacity. The process helps to design a nursing process specific to each patient that will provide for the self-care deficit of the patient (Black, 2014). Self-care deficits exist when the patient has limitations and the self-care requirement is greater than he patient’s capacity (Manzini & Simonetti, 2009).
Nursing theory can be applied to resolve nursing problems or issues, irrespective of the field of practice. A nursing theory benefits nurses and the patients that are in his or her charge. . Depending on the issue or problem that is needed to be solved determines what theory needs to be used. Nursing theory started with Florence Nightingale. She believed that a clean environment would promote better health. Virginia Henderson’s need theory emphasizes the need to ensure that the patient’s independence is being increased while in a health care facility. Ensuring that a patient can increase his or her independence allows for them to experience better outcomes upon discharge home. This is just two examples of nursing theories that were used
Crumbie, A. (2007) Caring for the patient with a cardiovascular disorder In: Wash, M. & Crumbie, A. Watson’s Clinical Nursing and Related Sciences. 7th Ed. Bailliere Tindall Elsevier. London pg 244 – 324.
There are three types of nursing theories, when it comes patient well-being all three types
70). I believe that the patient’s needs always take priority. A good nurse-patient relationship is important when taking care of patients. If a patient can trust the nurse taking care of him or her and they have a good rapport, the patient’s experience will be positive. Peplau’s theory is considered to be an interaction theory, an interaction theory, “revolve[s] around the relationships nurses form with patients” (Colley, 2003, p. 34). I believe that if a nurse does not have a good rapport with the patient, he or she will not be able to heal adequality. The patient might focus more on him or her not getting along with the nurse and thinking that the nurse does not care, then taking the time to make sure that he or she is healing properly. The patient may not ask for pain medication when they are in pain because he or she does not want to deal with the nurse. The environment also has a lot to do with the patient feeling better and healing
Healthcare professionals must remember that although their following a proven set of guidelines, it is important to treat each patient as an individual as well. The nursing theorists have taken individuality in care into account and mentioned the importance of structuring nursing based on each individual’s needs, (Wadensten and Carlsson, 2003). Diiferent theorists have come up with different points on view on the practice of nursing. For example, Martha Rogers and Betty Neuman are both theorists that developed different theories to describe human-environment interaction. Martha Rogers believed in using three principles; reasonancy, helicy, and integrality to predict human behavior influencing healing. Reasonancy, which relates to wave patterns; helicy, which is concerned with non-repeating rhythmicities; and integrality, which is the continuous mutual human field and environmental field process (Chapman, 1987). Rogers also believed that a patient environment has a direct effect on the healing process. Betty Neuman believed in a holistic view and that we must treat patients as a whole. Neuman also describe nursing interventions as three principles primary, secondary and tertiary preventions. Primary referring to the protection and strengthening of the line of defense, secondary prevention refers to increased resistance factors and reduction in reaction. Tertiary prevention refers to the patients