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Economic consequences of colonialism
Economic consequences of colonialism
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"Colonial Diplomacy" was a very engaging and interesting way of showing the world in the 1880's. The aspects that it closely replicated was the communication, importance of geographic location, and balance of power. What the simulation didn't and couldn't show were the inevitable factors of technological advancements, economic strength, and the scale and geography of the territories.
The communication of the late 19th century was shown in two ways: the submitting of orders and the negotiations. The delay of the military movement after the orders were given represent the delay that the armies and rulers had to face. The delay in their time was due to the long distance and the telegraph. By the time a telegram was received and the order is carried out, it would take some time. Like we discussed in class: once an army is mobilized, the order can't be taken back and the army or fleet will execute its demands.
In the simulation, we encounter the same idea. Once the order is given, you can't alter it. Also, there is a delay between turning in orders and receiving a reply. The orders also were complicated at first which could stand for difficulties with telegraph communication, in contrast with 21st century technology and ease of communication. The Brits and Turks demonstrated the importance of not reading the received message and replying in time. This could represent the unreliable underwater telegraph system.
As in reality, geographic location is crucial to the success of a country's expansion efforts and defense. In the case of Japan and Holland, the advantage of having a sea "buffer zone" was the main factor contributing to their success. History proves that being an island (or set of islands) is beneficial. Britain had the North...
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...ing from its starting supply centers, which wasn’t the case in reality. The Dutch and French were contained by Britain and China, and there wasn’t many territories to acquire, so they both focused more on the colonies they already had. The Japanese always had their sights on the Asian mainland but didn’t get much land besides the protectorates of Korea. In the simulation, Japan successfully penetrated Russia and the On the other hand, the expansion of Russia and the decline of Turkey and China approximately resembled history.
“Colonial Diplomacy” was a fun way to learn about negotiation, geography, the empires of the 19th century. Many things about the game were accurate although many things were not. Nevertheless, playing this game was a enjoyable experience. It was very engaging and competitive, which served to make this game a learning experience I won’t forget.
In the mid 18th century many different powers in Europe were trying to spread their influence and gain global power. However, this was not without difficulty. There were many regional issues that these powers needed to overcome such as economic complications, struggles with native and conquered peoples, and competing with other European powers.
Empire had been the word of the day. Germany, Italy, and Japan were working to catch up to the British and their two-hundred-year head start. Military theory and technology was changing. It introduced a new view of international geopolitics: the flags and politics of nations followed the economy of a nation, not the other way around, which had long been the accepted European idea (Reeder 29). Control of the sea was considered vital to all national interest: for the sake of communication to territorial possessions and for, most importantly of all, trade. But technology had also advanced. Coaling stations were now required at various intervals all over the world to keep the steam navies of the day going (Chidsey 15).
The Treaty of London (1604) ended the war between England and Spain and secured Spain’s position as a leading power in the world. Although the war was over, there were still plenty of tensions between the two countries. There is no hiding the fact, that the rivalry between England and Spain in the 1500s and 1600s assisted in spurring the colonization of the New World in completion of new land, wealth and power. Military bases for warring against Spain could also be created in the New World and encouraged England’s colonization as well. Without doubt, the war with Spain and the rivalry created afterwards, was a major stimulation in building new colonies in
This was the search of riches and beneficial goods. These three countries all wanted to develop colonies which they could take the natural resources from and bring them back to their home country. The more wealth and resources your country had, the less your competitors and enemies would have. The scientific revolution as well as the Ottoman Empire also played a major role.
The practice of colonialism by several nations led to the possession and exploitation of weaker countries. It resulted in the strengthening of the mother country and oppression of the indigenous people of the colonies (Nowell, 2013). Colonial cities were deliberately developed within colonial societies in order to centralize political and economic control. Essentially, colonial cities facilitated the consolidation and exportation of wealth to the dominating nation (The Editors of the Encyclopædia Britannica, 2014).
This period is also characterised with further strengthening of heavy industries, factories and more global presence of industries in France, Japan, USA thereby, giving them a reason for territorial expansion. The rapid industrialisation resulted in increased production and hitherto, known luxuries became products of mass consumption however, it required a robust supply chain. So, there was a need to identify places which could provide raw material and those which will procure them for consumption, which could be easily satisfied by the colonies. The colonial powers competed for share in the market driven by the need of cheaper raw materials, labor and higher profits . The industrialisation had also, enabled development of a war military industry which gave them and advantage over their opponents such as in a battle between British and Sudanese in 1898, where British lost 368 men to 11,000 of Sudan or Japan’s defeat of China (1894) and Russia (1905).
Before the Civil War, it could take leaders of a country days until they learned of an attack in a different part of the country. Telegraphs were being constructed during the Civil War. When they were done, they reached all the way to the west coast of the US. During the Civil War, Lincoln gave orders through the telegraph, asking questions to generals for more information, and sometimes, he’d speak to the generals in almost real time. After the war, telegraph lines stayed for both the use of the public, and for government and the military.
Introduction: The epoch of imperialism cannot be defined simply as a proliferation of inflated egos tied to the hardened opinions of nationalists, but also a multi-faceted global rivalry with roots of philosophies tainted with racism and social Darwinism. The technique of each imperialist was specific to the motivations and desires of each combative, predominantly Western power and subsequently impacted the success of each imperialist and its colonies. Driven by industrialization, Europeans are aware of the urgent need for raw materials and new markets to maintain a constant rate of expansion and wealth. Imperialism became a competition; in general, the European countries led with fervor while the non-Western regions deemed likely to be stepped on.
Gentlemen, there comes a time in all of our lives when we must stand up to our overseers. As our fellow countryman, Thomas Paine, declared, “It is ridiculous for an island to rule part of a continent, 3000 miles away.”
During the late 1800s and 1900s in various societies, imperialism played a major role. Imperialism consists of a country's domination of an economic and cultural life in another country. Within the 1800s and 1900s, Europe became a large-scale global leader. Europeans set up colonies all over the world, specifically Africa, India, China, and Japan. Imperialism is viewed through two different major points such as the imperialist and colonialist.
On a political and national level, there was much competition between the European nations which resulted in a justification for the European presence in the Indian Ocean. This translated into which nation could make the largest profits whilst hold large geographical land bases. Countries on the coast of the Indian Ocean were built for tr...
In his 1959 study, The Tragedy of American Diplomacy, the well-known historian William Appleton Williams wrote, that in spite of its best intentions, American foreign policy was based on a one-dimensional American belief that Americans and the American government had all the answers to their problems. I strongly agree, for the most part, with that statement. The only aspect of American foreign policy that I disagreement is the firmness in which our government stands true to their decisions and re often inflexible enough to change them. The administrators in charge of our government dating back to the 19th century have always been too inflexible to tweak their application on foreign policy in the least bit. It has made way to a century of failure in foreign relations. America began building up its outdated navy ships in the early 1880's in preparation for what would be an American attempt at expansion. They wanted to become the premiere naval world power. They were already being acknowledged as whole of the great world strengths by other powerful countries. It didn't take long, by 1900; the U.S. began flexing its muscles. The Caribbean and Pacific Islands became a national interest. A classic example of which started the poor American foreign policy was in 1891 in Chile. Secretary of State James G. Blaine became involved in a border dispute between Mexico and Guatemala, tried settling a war between Peru, Bolivia and Chile. Chile held a riot against American troops. Blaine threatened Chile with war, and they were forced to apologize to America and pay an indemnity of $75,000. This established America as a world power, but also tarnished their role in foreign policy before it even got off the ground. Many more incidents like this occurred after the event with Chile, the biggest being the pursuit of the Panama Canal. America continued moving into to foreign land, and when problems arose, America began implementing an American model of government in these areas, believing that was the only way to solve the problems.
During the time periods of the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries, much of European history revolved around the conquest of foreign lands. This conquest was performed by the racially motivated, whether good or bad, European men of these decades. These men were looking to expand their empire, clustering around a belief in the idea of imperialism. Examples of nations that took part in the ideology of imperialism and foreign colonization abound. Out of these examples, two major nations were the British and the Belgian nations, and two major continents involved in colonization were that of Africa and Asia.
New imperialism was the mid nineteenth and twentieth centuries cultural equivalent to a modern day mafia, its roots entangled in the economic, cultural, and humanistic aspects of life. The sole objective of the nations entailed the exploitation of their controlled state. Gestating from the change in control of Asian and African nations to the Europeans by means of political deviance, malicious sieges, and strategic military attacks. The juxtaposition to the modern equivalent endures as the aforesaid is sheltered by the fairytale that these nations were in need of aid and by doing so the Europeans were the good guys. The ideas of new imperialism are greatly influenced by those of the enlightenment. Taking place during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries the enlightenment was an intellectual movement with the goal of social progress (Genova, 1/11). Armed with scientific thought and reason, enlightenment thinkers set out to explore the fields of science, economics, and human nature. Brilliant minds such as Voltaire, Kant and others all across Western Europe collaborated to further knowledge. The enlightenment laid the foundation on which new imperialism sprung, embedding the ideas of an incessant need to explore not only the scientific world but the physical world as well. The enlightenments goals and ideas significantly influenced new imperialism, because the enlightenment created a need for new means and a purpose to accrue them.
The modern state was sovereign; therefore, internally, it exerted itself its authority, within a territorial boundaries which was clearly defined and acknowledged internationally, there was no authorities higher than the state. Externally, state sovereignty indicated that other states recognized its authority within its borders, and agreed that it could represent its citizens in international affairs. (Graeme Gill) The modern state was centralized, and bureaucratically organized. Its legal administration as well as its administrative staffs were controlled by regulations. Its offices were structured with a definite line of direction. Through their organization, the modern state projected its power into the society, exerted direct control upon their populace, and controlled their territory. Even though, its structure while comparing it with our states structures today, was not well equilibrated; however, it was ready during this period to operate changes that diplomacy brought into their structure which would affect their upward within 1648 to 1815.