1.1 COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE OVERVIEW
With the increasing interest in uneasy adaptive systems, artificial life, swarms and simulatedsocieties, the concept of “collective intelligence” is now getting into focus. The basic idea is that a group of individuals (e.g. people, insects, robots, or softwareagents) can do a work in a way that none of its members can do. Complex, clearly intelligentbehaviour may come out into view from the collaboration created by simple interactions between single persons that implements simple rules.
While people have commented about CI formany years, new communication technologies—mainly the Internet—now allow large numbers of users all over the world to work together in newways. The latest successes of companies like Google and Wikipedia suggest that the time is now got matured formany more such systems, and this session will examine ways to take advantage of those possibilities.
Collective intelligence is shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration, collective efforts, and competition of many individuals and appears in consensus decision making. The term comes in use in socio-biology, political science and in context of mass peer review and crowdsourcing applications. It may involve consensus, social capital and formalisms such as voting systems, social media and other means of quantifying mass activity. Collective IQ is a measure of collective intelligence;it is mostly used interchangeably with the term collective intelligence.
1.2. EXAMPLES OF COLLECTIVE INTELLIGENCE
All companies they might be firms, institutions or sports teams, are created on the belief that their members can perform better together than they could do individually. Though, mostorganizations have a h...
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...l examples of derived attributes that can be used for clustering andbuilding predictive models.
Table 3.1 Examples of user-profile attributes[7]
Attribute
Type
Example
Comment
Age
Numeric
26 years old
User Typically Provides Birth date
Sex
Catagorial
Male,Female
Annual Income
Ordinal or Numeric
Between 50-100K
Or 126K
Geographical
Location
Catagorial can be Converted to Numeric
Address ,city,State,Zip
The geo-codes associated with the location can be used as a distance measure to a reference point.
3.3 CONTENT-BASED ANALYSIS AND COLLABORATIVE FILTERING
User-centric applications aim to make the application more valuable for users byapplying CI to personalize the site. There are two basic approaches to personalization:content-based and collaborative-based.Content-based approaches analyse the contentto build a representation for thecontent. Terms or phrases (multiple
High cohesiveness is an effective tool in the success and effectiveness of an organization. However, in order for ...
This essay will critically analyse and assess two specific group leadership theories that have been taught in the TL2087 module, it will then further Investigate and assess strategies for group leadership and management with the aim of meeting the given learning outcomes and specific needs of the group, in addition to that it will summarise the findings made and a conclusion will be drawn clearly outlining the key points highlighted in the essay.
Collective behavior is less organized but effective forms of behavior that happens spontaneously. Le Bron's contagion theory crowds have trance over the members by emerging group mind. Collective behavior reaction to event that takes place. Such as example when radio announced invasion aliens the crowd took over chaos become motivation in group. Collective behavior is push everyone towards common purpose. With hypnotic state of th...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the newest fields in Science and Engineering. Work started in earnest soon after World War II, and the name itself was coined in 1956 by John McCarthy. Artificial Intelligence is an art of creating machines that perform functions that require intelligence when performed by people [Kurzweil, 1990]. It encompasses a huge variety of subfields, ranging from general (learning and perception) to the specific, such as playing chess, proving mathematical theorems, writing poetry, driving a car on the crowded street, and diagnosing diseases. Artificial Intelligence is relevant to any intellectual task; it is truly a Universal field. In future, intelligent machines will replace or enhance human’s capabilities in
This story is that, during the mid 21 century, because of the thaw of the iceberg that was floating in the Arctic, thus human created the Artificial Intelligence to help themselves to face the terrible environment easily. David is a robot like them. But he is the only one that is written into the love. As the first robot has love, he became the experimental article to be a kid for a couple who lost their son. As the time goes by, David still can’t join this family, and the couple thinks he can’t rather than their son exactly, so they make a decision to send to the company that created him to destroy him. However, they didn’t want to finally, but David can’t stay with them anymore. David thinks they don’t like him because he is not a real boy, if he can be a real boy, he will hear stories by his mother before he goes to bed, although he never need to sleep. So he still has a dream that one day, he will be a real boy, because he wants to be with his mother. His best friend and guide, Teddy helped him to find his dream and he says he will see him become a real boy. There is only one hope, Blue Fairy can help him to achieve him dream. However, you know, he did find her, but he was freezed with his best hope, Blue Fairy...
2) Methodology: The participants were required to engage in individualized and team-worked tasks. The participants were split into multiple teams of 4 group members and were placed in the same computer terminal room. They then participated in a technological activity that relied heavily on both individual and teamwork performance. Their goal was to detect and eliminate sources from their rivals while simultaneously refraining from damaging their own teams’ resources. Each team possessed 4 dimensional resources that consisted of power, performance speed, longevity of operation, and their range of vision. Individuals within the team must act by themselves or plan accordingly as a group in order to bring down enemy sources, as well as to protect their territory. Experimenters then measured each group’s performances by their structural independence, team member performance, utilitarian individualism-collectivism, and ontological individualism-collectivism.
Van Alstyne, M. W. (2005). Create colleagues, not competitors . Harvard Business Review, 83(9), 24-28.
This paper gives some insight into the vast subject of artificial intelligence and its use in the business world. Artificial intelligence is an incredibly interesting topic; it is used throughout the world in many different applications. Many do not know what artificial intelligence is or how it used, even though they are surrounded by it on a daily basis. To learn more about this topic it is important to do extensive research online by reading many different academic journals and articles. This paper will give the reader a better understanding of artificial intelligence and how it is being used in transportation and manufacturing businesses. These are just two small sections in the wide subject of AI (artificial intelligence) but give a bigger
In addition to urgency, Gustavsson could not create a powerful guiding coalition. He established a cross-functional team to develop a new moisture-resistant product. But the team did not include a sales manager who knows customers' needs and eventually sells the product. Although the team developed a commercially-viable product, their efforts, at least in the short term, were unsatisfactory, because with sales people's own doubts about the new product, they were afraid of jeopardizing the reputation of current product. Moreover, these cross functional teams operated within the established organization maintained the company's dominate culture and past norms. We know that structurally independent teams that are tightly integrated into the existing hierarchy with different cultures and processes are often more successful.
Collective memory is the cultural memory (? ) or the remembered history of a community: “Anyone who during today fixes his eyes on tomorrow must preserve yesterday from oblivion by grasping it through memory” (Assmann 2011: 17). Collective memory is the way groups form memories out of a shared past to create a common identity. The memory of a group is a construction, or reconstruction, of the past. Through the approach of collective memory we can distinguish a cultural sphere that combines tradition, awareness of history, myth in action, and self-definition. This cultural sphere is constantly subject to a vast range of historically conditioned changes (Assmann 2011: 10). Collective memory is the structures that underlie all myths and histories without any distinction between them. The past that is fixed and internalized is myth, whether it is fact or fiction (Assmann 2011: 59). Collective memory can be expressed through a variety of different medias, e.g. festivals, rituals, liturgy, symbols, flags, memorial places, museums, cultural artifacts, as well as oral and written narratives, like myths, prophecies, law material, biographies and perceived historical accounts (Van Seters 2012: 54). The memories are specifically designed to recall events in the history of the collective.
The robot revolution has begun! The eradication of the human race by the cold, cunning, and calculating autonomous army of artificial intelligence is imminent and unstoppable… or is it? While our world is becoming increasingly dependant on new technologies, artificial intelligence is steadily progressing its importance in business, creativity, and labor efficiency. To understand the growing role of artificial intelligence, it is important to understand where it began and where it is headed.
While the traditional education stresses independence and competition, we believe that a balance between education for independence and education for teamwork needs to be forged (Kagan, 1992). This is because the commercial world increasingly demands that individuals that are able to work productively in teams and living in the interdependent world of the 21st century will require maximum development of interpersonal skills. Collaborative learning has shown to be an effective approach to realise and prepare learners to talk, listen, judge, and act on issues of common concern. The emphasis placed by collaborative learning on collective responsibility and pursuit of a common goal are well aligned with the skills and competency for the 21st Century.
“Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the area of computer science focusing on creating machines that can engage on behaviors that humans consider intelligent.”AI has improved a lot in the last century, and is still advancing today. Different approaches in AI are used for different situations. Whether we notice it or not, AI is an important part of our lives. Artificial Intelligence
Organizations use teamwork because it increases productivity. This concept was used in corporations as early as the 1920s, but it has become increasingly important in recent years as employ...
It is needed to define intelligence before defining artificial intelligence. Intelligence is thinking and reasoning, perceiving and evaluating of perceived things, commenting and concluding them (Kayabaş, 2010). Artificial intelligence is general name of computer system studies which aim to fulfill the role needing high mental operations like learning from experiences, to reason, to interpret, to generalize. All these abilities belong to only people who are assumed the most intelligence creature in the universe. Also the movements and the behaviors of animals are considered a reference.