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Introduction about laboratory techniques
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Introduction:
Cold packs or medical cold packs are made and used in a variety of different ways. Cold packs are typically used in regards of medical treatment. Many athletes used cold packs to heal from any injuries. Furthermore, cold packs are used to keep medications cool for a given period, such medications include vaccinations. Cold packs contain a liquid inside, in most cases its water. In addition the water is mixed with a salt, which allows the cold pack to stay cool. The mixture that occurs between the salt and the water causes an endothermic reaction, which means that heat is absorbed. Due to the heat absorption, the temperature of the solution will decrease substantially.
The cold pack experiment lab allowed us, the students, to apply theories learned in class to actual real life experiments; such experiments prepare us for future tasks the will be put forth to determine. Our main trajectory through this assignment was to determine what our unknown salt was, through experimental analysis. The main purpose of this lab was for us to determine what the given unknown salt is. For this experiment, my group and I were given unknown salt 7. Information recognized before starting the lab, were the materials needed, background information on the math required to determine the unknown(s). In addition, other background sources before starting the experiment included having previous knowledge of chemical formulas, understanding concepts learned throughout class and how a calorimetry works. Furthermore in order to determine how to complete the lab, we needed information upon how to properly keep the temperature of the water from decreasing or increasing, and this required that we needed to know what an insulator is and how to use ...
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Conclusion:
In conclusion, this experiment allowed us, the students, to use theories learned in class to real life applications, or real life applications that we will soon encounter. The lab better prepared us for what may be expected in the future, and allowed us to determine different factors that affected our results in more than one possible way. The cold pack experiment lab that was conducted by my group and I, had resulted in us facing errors such as measurement errors, errors including the calorimeter and errors including our unknown salt. These errors were recorded and explained to better help us prevent it from occurring again. By following the correct procedure and having the correct materials required, we were able to determine the final enthalpy. That allowed us to determine what our unknown salt was, which was ammonium chloride.
There are numerous risks for a patient during the preoperative stage of the perioperative journey. All patients undergoing a surgical procedure are at risk of developing perioperative hypothermia, although there are various factors which also further increase an individual’s susceptibility (Burger & Fitzpatrick, 2009). An individual’s body type can cause them more susceptible to heat loss during the perioperative period. The patient’s nutritional state and being malnourished, if the individual is female and is of low body weight therefore a high ratio of body surface area to weight and limited insulation to prevent heat loss, these are all factors which negatively affect heat loss and therefore increasing the individual’s risk of perioperative hypothermia (Lynch et al.,
This experiment will show how the temperature of water will affect how quickly a Alka-Seltzer tablet will dissolve. (Rowland) This experiment seemed appealing to me because it sounded interesting to experiment with chemical reactions. “How does the temperature of water affect how quickly an Alka-Seltzer tablet will dissolve?”
An Investigation Into How the Thickness of Insulation Affects the Time a Drink Takes to Cool Down
The researcher conducting this experiment is trying to find out which salt- Epsom, table salt, and sea salt- will increase the boiling point of water the most. Sodium chloride is believed to increase the boiling point of water because when salt is suspended into the water, the sodium and chlorine ions leave the “salt crystals” and mix with the water molecules. (“Why does salt… raise boiling point of water?”, 2009).
The first was to see how long it would take to lower body temperature, and the next to decide how best to resuscitate a frozen victim. The doctors submerged a naked victim in an icy vat of water. They would insert an insulated thermometer into the victim’s rectum in order to monitor his or her body temperature. The icy vat proved to be the fastest way to drop the body’s temperature. Once the body reached 25 degrees Celsius, the victim would usually die.
Vannie, S. M. D., Braz, J. R. C., Modolo, N. S. P., Amorium, R. B., & Rodrigues, G. R. (2003, March). Preoperative combined with intraoperative skin-surface warming avoids hypothermia caused by general anesthesia and surgery. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 15, 119-125.
I did accomplish the purpose of the lab. First, I determined the percentage of water in alum hydrate, and the percentage of water in an unknown hydrate. The results are reasonable because they are close to the example results. Second, I calculated the water of crystallization of an unknown hydrate. Furthermore, I developed the laboratory skills for analyzing a hydrate.
The thermometer, containers, and iron ball were secured of any possible contaminants. The stopwatch was calibrated and checked to be correctly measuring the time in seconds and milliseconds, by comparison with other stopwatches. The thermometer was checked to be accurately measuring the temperature of lukewarm water, and was al...
Solid A was identified to be sodium chloride, solid B was identified to be sucrose, and Solid C was identified to be corn starch. Within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there are results that distinguishes itself from the other 4 experimental results within each test. Such as: the high conductivity and high melting point of sodium chloride, and the iodine reaction of corn starch. Solid A is an ionic compound due to its high melting point and high electrical conductivity (7), within the Information Chart – Mystery White Solid Lab there is only one ionic compound which is sodium chloride, with the test results of Solid A, it can be concluded that is a sodium chloride. Solid B was identified as sucrose due to its low electrical
The purpose of performing this lab was to find the specific heat capacity of an unknown metal.
Then, repeat steps 7-11 another 4 times but with the room temperature water. For the room temperature water just leave it in the room but try not to change the room’s temperature. 15. Try to put all your recorded data into a table for organization 16. Repeat the entire experiment for more reliable data.
In a 100ml beaker 30mls of water was placed the temperature of the water was recorded. 1 teaspoon of Ammonium Nitrate was added to the water and stirred until dissolved. The temperature was then recorded again. This was to see the difference between the initial temperature and the final temperature.
By exposing the chocolate and the cookies before the light and heat of the 60-watt light bulb, the students will be able to progressively observe the process of the material melting and make records at every stage of the experiment. Using the 15 seconds step, the students can identify the melt temperature and time of the chocolate under the lab conditions as well as make and analyze their records in the final part of the experiment. The experiment is expected to establish, which of the chocolates and cookies melt faster, and make conclusions about the influence of the consumables ingredients on their physical properties. This corresponds with the TEK 112.11 (5B) procedure, which allows students to “observe, record, and discuss how materials can be changed by heating or
The virus that causes the common cold is Rhinovirus.The history is symptoms in humans originated in birds around 200 years ago. First known case is rhinovirus discovered in 1956. Number of known cases every person can get it 3-5 times in a year. Number of deaths U.S and worldwide 4,500 in U.S and 500,000 worldwide.
Another example of a systematic error that might have taken place during this experiment could have been that the room temperature water could have been in flux due to the fact that the temperature of the room may not have been constant and therefore the temperature of the room temperature water could have changed. This error could have been prevented by making sure that there were no occasional blasts of cold or warm air coming into the room that the experiment would be taking place