The most of global energy production produces from fossil fuel such as coal, oil and natural gas. The vast fossil fuels generate energy which use for many purposes for instant residential, transportation and industrial sectors. While the rate consumption of fossil fuel higher than their formation leads to oil price crisis. Another concern of fossil fuel combustion is the impact on the environment. Global warming is a significant problem which results in increasing concentrations of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.
Today, microbial fuel cells are being used in breweries and wastewater treatment plants. In the case of breweries, the employees use microbial fuel cells to produce the energy that they need from their waste. This is more cost effective than coal or oil since the [fuel] cell runs off of the plant’s waste. A microbial fuel cell is a source of energy that harnesses bacteria to create electricity. In order for this reaction to start, there needs to be a catalyst between hydrogen and oxygen.
The world is searching for alternative ways to reduce dependability of petroleum base fuel. Environment, public health is considered as an important aspect of searching alternative fuel.. California state has already introduced some hydrogen fuel vehicle on the road. The fuel cell vehicle is considered as a zero emission vehicle. It creates only water as a byproduct, therefore no concern about emission relate gas that is harmful for the surroundings. Hydrogen is also regarded as a renewable energy source because it produces water, this water could be potential source of hydrogen gas.
Global economic crisis due to the depletion of fossil fuels had turned backed the world towards alternate source of energy for industrial development. Non-renewable and clean energy had gained importance for a sustainable growth. Hydrogen is one between the lightest, easily combustible gas that can be used as eco-friendly source of energy. Hydrogen burns out to produce water as a by-product. Hydrogen has been produced by various methods which include chemical reaction, electrolysis, light fermentation and dark fermentation.
The disadvantages of the process are the use of non-renewable raw materials and production of carbon dioxide which is a primary cause of global warming. Current and future advancements in the process include using new catalysts to minimize the cost of the entire process, and implementing carbon capture and storage techniques to reduce the negative environmental impact of carbon dioxide produced. Keywords: Hydrogen gas, Steam reforming, Dehydrosulfurization, Steam methane reforming, Medium temperature shift, Pressure swing adsorption, Carbon capture, Carbon storage. 1. Introduction Hydrogen demand is already high and it is expected to considerably increase in the next few years due to the refinery industry's growing needs and new applications such as synthetic fuel or biofuel production.
Any hydrogen-rich material can serve as a potential fuel source for this developing technology. Although it is reduces carbon emissions new research will have to be carried out to ensure it becomes cost-worthy for everyday users. Battery powered cars are for the moment the most viable and inexpensive option however the carbon emissions are adding to the already thinning atmosphere. By implementing hydrogen fuel cells as an alternative for maybe large forms of transport there will be a significant reduction of greenhouse gases for everyday transportation users.
The process works by using electricity to split apart the water molecule. The reaction is: H2O → H2 + ½ O2. Water is very importa... ... middle of paper ... ...ative effects of hydrogen fuels. One solution that was discussed was for the explosion possibility. If the hydrogen fuel cells in car were safer, it would completely any threat to lives by fuel cell.
Some common alternative energies are solar, wind, hydroelectric, geothermal, hydrogen, and biofuels. The U.S. should use those alternative energies over fossil fuels, Petroleum (oil), coal, and natural gas. We currently have ways to store and use these types of energies but the ways we have are not the most effective. That is why the U.S. should fund the research of better ways to harvest and use these alternative energies. All the alternative energies proposed before are renewable.
Fuel cells powered by hydrogen represent the latest technology in the push to reduce fossil fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emission. The internal combustion engine’s design limitations have been pushed to their limits and fuel economy has been maxed out. While a shift in consumer preference to smaller and more fuel efficient automobiles would decrease consumption and emissions, the economic model alone will not prompt such a change. The hydrogen fuel cell’s new technology calls for a radical change in design approaches that will test the automakers that choose to mass-produce this technology. The hydrogen harvesting methods required to power the fuel cells have environmental challenges.
In addition to facilitating the weaning of humans from fossil fuels, renewable energy poses many environmental benefits because renewable means clean. Most scientists will argue that, though the degree to which we benefit might be speculative, human and environmental welfare will increase with tapping of renewable energy sources. If modern science is in any way accurate, using clean and renewable energy would result in better air quality, curbing of climate change and the Greenhouse Effect, and perhaps even the luxury of supplying most or all of our energy domestically. This means that countries like the U.S. would stand heavily resistant to both the ramifications of a global energy crisis and to international political tensions surrounding the trading of oil. Despite its being more expensive, there is much to be gained from renewable energy.