Chipyong-Ni Battle Analysis

In June 1950, following World War II, North Korea and China invaded South Korea and the Korean War began . Seventeen countries in the United Nations and the United States sent armies to help defend the people of South Korea. The Battle of Chipyong-Ni was an important battle and victory for COL Paul L. Freeman and the United Nations, especially after the defeat in the previous days before this battle. This battle is sometimes described as the Gettysburg Battle of that era . Even with the fear of being over ran by the Chinese, COL Freeman was extremely successful using mission command during his two-day battle at Chipyong-Ni.
Before the Battle at Chipyong-Ni, COL Freeman and the 23rd Regimental Combat Team had an important decision to make.

COL Freeman took pride in communicating with his battalion commanders . This was extremely beneficial when it came to the day of 14 February 1951. On this day, COL Freeman called all his commanders in and briefed them on the mission ahead and gave them the warning that he believed the enemy would attack them at the weakest moment, at night. Included in his brief was information about the Chinese would attack their perimeter in overwhelming numbers as soon as night fell. The intelligence was beneficial for commanders so they could plan accordingly for the events of the evening . The Soldiers were even aware of the activities planned . One Soldier wrote “I have been told to keep my carbine on semi-automatic” which shows he knew the order and was awaiting to see the enemy to begin the engagement. The Soldiers knew the mission was to stand their ground and not waiver. When morning would come the air strikes would begin pushing back the Chinese and giving them time to

He struggled since 1 February with the decision to break contact or continuing to secure Chipyong-Ni. Especially after the battle in the Twin Tunnels. During that battle, he was furious with GEN Almond with his aggressive tactics. He felt as if he was causing them to lose too many Soldiers. He asked on many occasion to break contact and occupy land 15 miles South of Chipyong-Ni. COL Freeman exercised discipline while having his regiment stay at Chipyong-Ni and continue to build up their defense. Up to the day of the battle, COL Freeman was finally granted permission to leave, but felt it was too late and GEN Ridgeway wanted the Soldiers to stay and defend that area, while promising that reinforcements will be on the way. Even with the fear of losing Soldiers, COL Freeman continued to exercise discipline initiative throughout this