1. Introduction:
In 1999, the UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific has defined child sexual abuse as:
“ Contacts or interactions between a child and an older or more knowledge child or adult ( a stranger, sibling or person in a position of authority, such as a parent or a caretaker) when the child is being used as an object of gratification for an older child's or adult's sexual needs. These contacts or interactions are carried out against the child using force, trickery, bribes, threats or pressure.” 1
Child sexual exploitation includes a variety of activities which includes exposing minors (boys and girls) to adult sexual activity, paid in cash or in-kind in streets and indoors, or to pornography; It also includes trafficking of minors for sex trade and the use of children in sex shows, either private or public.
There are several international instruments addressing child sexual exploitation and abuse; they have been recognized at the International level by different instruments such as the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women in 1981; the Convention on the rights of the Child in 1990 and its Optional Protocol on the Sale of the Children, child Prostitution and Child pornography in 2000; the Ilo Convention 182 in 1999, defining child prostitution and pornography as one of the worst forms of child labour; the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime in 2000 with special protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in persons ( especially women and children). These International instruments present a variety of definitions of children sexual exploitation and their main goal is to present a wider understanding of this issue and therefore a step for...
... middle of paper ...
...her said she got her daughter to work as a prostitute in her karaoke bar because the owner owed rent on their house. The fourteen year old girl was brought to the Juvenile Observation and Protection House in Phuket Town.4
Works Cited
"Child Sex Tourism in Thailand - Ecpat UK." Www.ecpat.org.uk/sites/default/files/thailand05.pdf. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 May 2014.
"Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children." Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 May 2014.
"Eerlijk Kinderpardon - Teken De Petitie!" Defence for Children. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 May 2014.
"New UNICEF Report on Sexual Exploitation." New UNICEF Report on Sexual Exploitation. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 May 2014.
"Thai Man Arrested in South Pattaya Accused of Providing Minors to Foreigners." Pattaya One Pattaya News Thailand News World News Updated 24 Hours a Day. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 May 2014.
Child sexual abuse is an umbrella term describing offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor or exploits a minor for the purpose of sexual gratification (NSPCC, 2016). The American Psychiatric Association states that "children cannot consent to sexual activity with adults," and condemns any such action by an adult as "a criminal and immoral act which never can be considered normal or socially acceptable behaviour" (American Psychological Association, 2016). Only at the beginning of the 1900s did Western society begin to value children as persons who’s "creative and intellectual potential require fostering" rather than "cheap labour" (Heller, 2012).
Unknown. "Human Sex Trafficking of U.S. Minors." WND. N.p., 20 Oct. 2013. Web. 21 Nov. 2013.
Trafficking of is the new innovative business model used in the profession called prostitution. The myth about sex trafficking is that it is a foreign not a domestic problem. Many American’s think of women and children across the ocean in another country other than their own when they hear the words “sex trafficking”. Sex trafficking is a very lucrative business. The “John’s” create a demand and the “pimps” provide the supply. Child abuse, child neglect, pornography, pedophilia and prostitution are all links in the chains that enslaves America’s children for the pleasure of adults.
Based on previous studies, the average age that children are lured into sex exploitation is between ages 11 and 14 (cite). “ At least 70 percent of women involved in prostitution were introduced into the commercial sex industry before reaching 18 years of age (cite).” Minors who are the most at risk of becoming a vict...
Behnke, Alison Marie. "Sex Sells." Up for Sale: Human Trafficking and Modern Slavery. N.p.: n.p., n.d. 30-42. Print.
Not only is human sex trafficking slavery but it is big business. It is the fastest-growing business of organized crime and the third-largest criminal enterprise in the world (fbi.gov). While the U.S. Department of State estimates that 800,000 – 900,000 people are trafficked across borders annually, the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) and many other organizations taking the lead to eradicate trafficking put the number above 2 million (feminist.org). On average one in five victims of human trafficking are children. In third world countries the number is even higher. Children are more wanted especially in the work force because of their small hands for working on machinery and untangling lines and nets.
Throughout Sex Work and the Law: A Critical Analysis of Four Policy Approaches to Adult Prostitution Frances Shaver discusses the need for change for women working as prostitutes. Shaver explains the ongoing problem surrounding prostitution in Canada and provides four possible ways to resolve the issue in her work. Three well thought out points Shaver writes about are the health benefits as well as personal safety for the women in the sex industry. She also touches base on the decriminalization of prostitution and the impacts it will have on nearby neighborhoods and the residents as well as a few other topics. Although Shaver discusses important areas, she does leave out some particular parts for concern such as the issues surrounding minors involved in the sex industry as well as the men and women who are involuntarily put into prostitution also known as human trafficking. While Shaver touches base on extremely well thought out points and provides a solution for dealing with Canada’s prostitution problem, she fails to elaborate on a few major issues that should be discussed as well when discussing the decriminalization of prostitution.
This is an interdisciplinary paper, which focuses on the trafficking of young women and children into prostitution. It starts with a brief description of what is human trafficking and how it works as a business. Then, it focuses on the sex trafficking part of it and how young women and children are more vulnerable to victimization and exploitation. Many victims of human trafficking are under this idea of debt bondage, which is sort of the commitment that victims have with their traffickers. Victims are forced to work until they pay their debt, which most of the time is unpayable. Public corruption is one of the many reasons why many traffickers can transport their victims within or out of the country, which can make it harder to help the victims,
"US and State Prostitution Arrests, 2001-2010 - Prostitution - ProCon.org." ProConorg Headlines. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2014.
Child abuse, while having many different forms and levels of severity, can be basically defined as the maltreatment of a child by a parent or other adult. When one thinks of child abuse, usually the first thing that comes to mind is physical harm, but the issue is actually much more complex. The abuse of a child can also be manifested in verbal and emotional forms, as well as in sexual molestation. All forms of child abuse generally result in similar emotional disorders and behavioral issues, but the major consequences of sexual abuse, such as mental or emotional scarring, promiscuity, and the tendency of former victims to become sexual abusers, cause it to be the most severely damaging form of child abuse.
The largest number of sex trafficking victims originates in Asia, with an estimated 150,000 annually from South Asia alone. India is a major destination country for sex trafficked women and girls, with large numbers of Nepalese, Bangladeshi, and rural Indian females trafficked to Indian cities annually. Mumbai is considered to be the most common sex trafficking destination within India (Silverman, Decker, Gupta, Maheshwari, Patel, Willis & Raj, 2007).
"SEX TRAFFICKING IN THE U.S." Sex Trafficking in the U.S. – July 2012 – CharitySub. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Nov. 2013.
Sexual abuse of children has become a public concern only recently in the United States, young girls and boys have been used to satisfy adult sexual desires for most of our history. Castration of boys, fondling, forced genital or anal intercourse, and sale for prostitution were common through much of Western history. "It was not until the sixteenth century that laws were enacted in England to protect girls and boys under the age of ten from rape and sodomy." (Knudsen,106) p In the nineteenth century, after the exposure of the "white slave" trade, in which young girls were sold or kidnapped and forced into prostitution, the concept of "age of consent" developed in England, defining the age at which a girl could consent to sexual intercourse initially at ten, then at twelve, and finally, in 1885, at sixteen."(Knudson,106) Over the past ten years , the availability of literature on sexual assault has increased significantly. However, clinical data are increasingly suggesting that boys may be at equal risk for sexual victimization, since they are the preffered targets of habitual pedophiles and victims of child sex rings.
Gallagher B,Christmann, Christmann K,Fraser, Fraser C, Hodgson B. 2003. International and internet child sexual abuse and exploitation – issues emerging from research . Child and Family Law Quarterly 15: 353-370.
Willis, B. M., & Levy, B. S. (2002). Child prostitution: Global health burden, research needs,