Child Sexual Abuse: Annotated Bibliography

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Recommended: Prevention and control of child abuse

One national study found that approximately 10% of the population experiences child sexual abuse; with 75% percent of that number coming from female victims (Perez-Fuentes, Olfson, Villegas, Morcillo, Wang, & Blanco, 2013). The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) estimated that 1 in 4 under-aged girls and 1 in 6 under-aged boys had been sexually abuse (Canadian Centre for Child Protection Inc, 2012). In 2013, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Administration for Children and Families division reported that out of 52 states, 678,932 children were victims of CSA (Heisler, 2013). In other words, 9.1 children experienced CSA per 1,000 children; and 3,956 cases were in California alone (Heisler, 2013). Unfortunately, these are only estimates, as the rates could be much higher due to unreported cases (Perez,Fuentes, Olfon, Villega, Morcillo, Wang, & Blanco, 2013; Canadian Centre for Child Protection Inc, 2012; Heisler, 2013). Community resources in local churches are limited in order for victims to experience healing from the effects of sexual abuse (Bielefeld, & Cleveland, 2013; Vieth, Tchividjian, Walker, & Knodel, 2012). Many women look to their local church for assistance with dealing with issues of sexual abuse (Blake, 2011). But most churches are not able to provide sexual abuse support groups and do not have well-equipped leadership who are trained to provide such support (Bielefeld, & Cleveland, 2013; Vieth, Tchividjian, Walker, & Knodel, 2012). …show more content…

The research literature on sexual abuse support groups indicates that individuals can benefit from such groups, and this includes Christian-based sexual abuse support groups; however we do not know what attributes of Christian-based sexual abuse support groups individuals identify with as being the most helpful in their healing

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    Understanding the drive for molestation of an individual is hard to grasp. “Sick” is the word that parents and other individuals would describe it as. An article written to provide information on victims of sexual assault stated, “Approximately 1.8 million adolescents in the United States have been the victims of sexual assault” (NSOPW). The take on the issue is a very touchy subject to talk about. According to Murray, “Most victims happen to be women or young girls and their rapists are usually close family, friends, or distant acquaintances” (211). Most cases go unknown for various reasons. Predominantly, the victims are too afraid to speak up in fear of the molester finding out or they feel a sense of embarrassment by their families reaction

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  • Critical review of “Christianity and child abuse – the survivors’ voice leading to change”

    799 Words  | 2 Pages

    In the article “Christianity and child abuse – the survivors’ voice leading to change”, Kennedy (2000) argued how children’s Christianity background can cause additional concerns in the issue of child sexual abuse. Kennedy justified her argument by presenting the fact how spiritual concepts like “the evil/sin of being abused” (126,127,129), “God’s will” (127,129), “sources of God’s grace” (128) have been wrongly used to warrant perpetrators’ inhumane acts. Moreover, she pointed out that both the subliminal messages children perceived of these concepts (128) and “silencing factors”, such as “the doctrine of forgiveness” (131) and no pre-marital sex (130) in Christian context, lead to further shame and guilt in children (131,132,133,134). Apart from the spiritual side, Kennedy also criticized Christian churches’ intention of protecting its own reputation rather than solving the issue (133). Christian communities practiced an unjust demand of forgiveness from the victim and a patriarchal culture (135). Also, Christian communities failed in offering objective policy guidance (136) and ensuring active implementation of the policy document (137). Kennedy ends the passage by prompting the idea that state and church should tackle the problem hand in hand (139), and the engagement of more practitioners with sound religious and psychology understanding (139).

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  • Men as Victims

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    Finkelhor, D., Hotaling, G., Lewis, I., & Smith, C. (1990). Sexual abuse in a national survey of

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  • Child Sexual Abuse In The 1900s

    103 Words  | 1 Pages

    Child sexual abuse is an umbrella term describing offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor or exploits a minor for the purpose of sexual gratification (NSPCC, 2016). The American Psychiatric Association states that "children cannot consent to sexual activity with adults," and condemns any such action by an adult as "a criminal and immoral act which never can be considered normal or socially acceptable behaviour" (American Psychological Association, 2016). Only at the beginning of the 1900s did Western society begin to value children as persons who’s "creative and intellectual potential require fostering" rather than "cheap labour" (Heller, 2012).

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  • Sexuality

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    However, these percentages are based on retrospective studies and are founded on reports from victims that disclose their abuse. The book “Stolen Tomorrows” by Steven Levenkron states, "The National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center reports that only 16 percent of adolescent and adult rapes are brought to light. The reports of childhood, toddler and even infant sexual assault are of course much lower..." the consequences that follow the victims of CSA for the rest of their lives are usually so severe that even if only five percent of the population reported abuse it would still be a relevant issue. Childhood sexual abuse affects the development of sexuality, creates problems in developing intimacy and leads to many mood and anxiety disorders that follow victims for the rest of their lives.

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  • Can Pedophiles Be Cured?

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    Based on an article by the National Alert Registry by Dr. Herbert Wagemaker, four percent of the population suffers from sexual orientation toward children. In 1999, 93,000 kids were sexually abused. 50% of the abusers were parents of th...

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  • Child Abuse: A Hidden Epidemic

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  • Mary Ellen Wilson: Child Abuse In America

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    Since the case of Mary Ellen Wilson in 1874, child abuse has seen it’s share of light in published news. It is disheartening to read countless stories of future generations being harmed to the extent of psychological damage or even death. Child abuse as a whole has been addressed multiple times in various news blogs, however, nothing has been done to work towards abolishing it at a larger level. The future of America is in jeopardy based on the level of abuse that children endure. Childhelp states that approximately 5 children die every day at the hands of child abuse. America struggles to find equality, and by bystanding the stripping of its youth, continual prolonging is inevitable. Raising this nation’s children in means of nurturing and care is the first step to uplifting America as a whole. In 2012 alone, 1593 of America’s children died at the hands of child abuse, 70.3% of which were younger than the age of three (Safe Horizon). In order to prevent further child abuse, the American government should address stricter child protection laws, psychological stability, and an increase the recognition of those that have released their stories.

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  • Child Abuse And Culture Paper

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    1. A girl is slapped for screaming at her mother; the slap stings, but leaves no lasting mark or pain.

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  • Long-Term Effects of Child Sexual Abuse

    1069 Words  | 3 Pages

    This paper outlines the consequences of child sexual abuse (CSA) based on the examination of results from multiple researches previously fulfilled concerning the psychological and physical impact of this crime, information of statistics, warning signs detected, victims’ performances, and emotional state. Sexual abuse causes severe trauma on child victims that will last for the course of their lives, therefore it is critical to identify and improve the therapeutic methods utilized to treat CSA survivors.

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  • Child Sexual Abuse: Cristian's Case

    309 Words  | 1 Pages

    Cristian experienced physical and sexual abuse on his own behalf and his mother’s behalf, which resulted in the divorce between his parents. His older half-brother committed his own sexual abuse when he was young as well. Although Cristian has not expressed what his old half-brother had told him during the abuse, this could be a reason as to why he then acted out on his own stepsiblings. Cristian also presents with a lot of anger, he had a history of being violent at school. Now at his placement site he is having behavioral issues with the staff and with other clients as well. Two relevant dimensions of assessment would be boundaries and the establishment of future goals in the family. Cristian had mentioned that he is currently in family therapy

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  • Clergy Child Sexual Abuse Essay

    1365 Words  | 3 Pages

    This circle created a safe space for dialogue, which was supposed to help restore faith and harmony in the church. In this circle victims of clergy child sexual abuse shared with members of the community and clergy as a means of healing past and present wounds that were created by the sexual abuse encounters. Professor Shirley Julich is who lead the initiative for this circle, and she says that the purpose is to provide victim-survivors with an experience of a sense of justice, support the offenders to understand the effects of their actions and develop an action plan that will help both the victim and offender. (Gavrielides, 2013) After two years of this operation being used in clergy sexual abuse cases, “participation rates are 71% for victim-survivors, and 84% for those offenders where victims agreed to enter the program.”

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  • The Severity of Child Sexual Abuse

    1021 Words  | 3 Pages

    Child abuse, while having many different forms and levels of severity, can be basically defined as the maltreatment of a child by a parent or other adult. When one thinks of child abuse, usually the first thing that comes to mind is physical harm, but the issue is actually much more complex. The abuse of a child can also be manifested in verbal and emotional forms, as well as in sexual molestation. All forms of child abuse generally result in similar emotional disorders and behavioral issues, but the major consequences of sexual abuse, such as mental or emotional scarring, promiscuity, and the tendency of former victims to become sexual abusers, cause it to be the most severely damaging form of child abuse.

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  • Sex With Child Abuse Summary

    912 Words  | 2 Pages

    After reading the article Sex With Children Is Abuse by Rind, Tromovitch and Bauserman I have come across that it has to do a great deal with “what is sexual child abuse” It seems that a lot of the article has to do with “grey” areas as to what and how the child was treated. They talk a lot about the CSA and what exactly the definition is and how it is controversial. The definition stated in the article says that it is classifying a behavior as abuse simply because it is generally viewed as immoral is problematic, and any classification may obscure the true nature of the behavior and its actual causes and effects. After reading the definition of what the CSA thinks child abuse should be defined as, I feel that defining what child abuse is can

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  • Child Sexual Abuse Essay

    1390 Words  | 3 Pages

    It is most important to understand that children and teens of all racial, religious, ethnic, gender and age groups, at all socio-economic levels are sexually abused. Although there are risk factors that may increase the possibility of sexual abuse, sex abuse can be found in all types of families, communities, and cultures (The Scope of, 2016). Childhood sexual abuse is an important issue to address because the impact of sexual does not end when the abuse ends. Childhood trauma follows into adulthood and can have long-range effects. “Survivors of sexual abuse are at significantly greater risks for severe and chronic mental health issues, including alcoholism, depression, anxiety, PTSD and high risk behaviors” (The Scope Of, 2016). Victims may experience traumatic sexualization, or the shaping of their sexuality in “developmentally inappropriate” and “interpersonally dysfunctional” ways (Effects of Child, 2012). “A child who is the victim of prolonged sexual abuse usually develops low self-esteem, a feeling of worthlessness and an abnormal or distorted view of sex. The child may become withdrawn and mistrustful of adults, and can become suicidal” (Effects of Child, 2012). Overall, the effects and impact of childhood sexual abuse are long lasting and do not diminish when the abuse ends, their childhood trauma follows them into

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