[Type text] [Type text] [Type text] 1 Running head: Child Rearing Environment Child Rearing Environments The Neuroscience Evidence on Development Christine Siner The University of Texas at Arlington Abstract The environment the child is reared in during early development plays a large role in the development of the brain and behavior, and can have a profound affect the child central nervous system (CNS). The work being conducted in the developmental neuroscience field is continuing to provide convincing data that experience during developmental stages influence DNA methylation patterns of several genes. ?These experience-induced DNA methylation patterns represent stable epigenetic modifications that alter gene transcription These sensitive periods represent heightened epochs of brain plasticity, where the early environment is able to shape neural circuits and thus determine structural and functional aspects of brain and behavior for the lifespan. It is through this so-called programming effect on the central nervous system (CNS) that early-life experiences are thought to confer either risk or resilience regarding later psychopathology.? (Roth & Sweatt, 2011, p. 398) Studies and recent work continue to advance and show early-life experiences, as well as environment, clearly interact with genes in the developing brain. ?Developmental and behavioral neuroscience research continue to highlight that the epigenome remains exquisitely sensitive to environmental influences and that epigenetic mechanisms mediate gene?environment interplay throughout the lifespan. Post-translational modifications of histones and DNA methylation have been the most intensely studied epigenetic mechanisms in this regard, and a growing body of evidence indicates that changes in gene activity as a result of a variety of environmental factors.? (Roth & Sweatt, 2011, p. (Social Work Policy Institute, 2007) In LEND and other programs, social work researchers have the opportunity and obligation to take part in a wide array of research. Research can be a simple subject design, program evaluation, policy analysis or possibly providing secondary analysis of governmental data. Social workers will continue promote early intervention and research in an effort to create the best possible outcome for those with developmental
.(moodle,2017)Neuroscience helps us understand that what we do with our babies matters as much as how we interact with them. It influences adults to become more self-aware and self-reflective about how we
As every child grows up in a different environment, not all have a safe one to grow up in and as a result everything that surrounds them becomes apart of the clarity that their mind incorporates and becomes apart of that child 's behavior of way. In terms of brain development children or teens often listen, and see what is around them, it is also said, by researchers of the National Institute of Health, that in recent studies that were made that in teen years massive loss of brain tissue...
Talge, N. M., Neal, C., & Glover, V. (2007). Antenatal maternal stress and long-term effects on child neurodevelopment: how and why?. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 48(3/4), 245-261.
In Unequal Childhood - Class, Race, and Family Life, Annette Lareau tributes the French social scientist Pierre Bourdieu when using his theory of the forms of capital as a fundamental argument on her study. In this theory, Bourdieu recognizes three different types of capital; social, symbolical and cultural. Bourdieu describes social capital as “the aggregate of the actual or potential resources which are linked to possession of a durable network of more or less institutionalized relationships of mutual acquaintance and recognition.” This means that social capital is based on resources built from personal relationships, club memberships and other social influence and connections. The second form of capital,
Child rearing practices altered as a result of the economic shift as well as intellectual shift. Child rearing had shifted from breaking the will of children by means of corporal punishment to mending behavior through psychology and emotional discipline. Different theories and methods of child rearing were disseminated through advice books. This was directed particularly at immigrant families as a way to assimilate them into the American society. Children fiction books became another method implemented to conform immigrant families. Scholars had proposed other theories describing children as not being with original sin but rather, a blank slate or born innocent.
As a social worker one cannot comprehend how vast the knowledge of research work impact the profession. All the intervention plans and diagnosis that relates to the need of clients as some research work that provide accurate information about the population and this awareness make social worker to feel relax that they have other sources that can be vital in providing help for their clients. More so research work helps social worker to verify if there intuition concerning a situation is correct, by researching on their findings to see the accountability of the result outcome. Without the knowledge from past research work it will be difficult for the social work profession to have ideas of the kind of intervention methods to use, since the profession address different needs of clients. But with some research work they have the right means in assisting clients in providing intervention
With time and sufficient environmental exploration, regions become specialised and differentiated through the process of activity-dependent specialization, whereby-they interact and compete to acquire specialised computational abilities. Specialisation allows for faster and more efficient information processing and has been attributed to age and myelinisation, a process which allows nerve impulses to travel throughout the brain more quickly and efficiently, increasing integration of brain activity and supporting-efficient cognitive maturation. The general principle of structural brain development states areas related to simple functions reach full maturation faster than those supporting high-order complex-functions. Faster processing speed and lower mental effort via myelination enable automatic processing which is beneficial but only for older-children and adults who have mastered a particular behavioural or cognitive ability. In contrast, prolonged plasticity supports efficient cognitive development in young-children in two ways. Firstly, studies of adopted children with past experiences of maltreatment have shown that adoptees largely outperformed their peers left behind on cognitive tasks, provided being adopted at an early age (before 12 months of age). The fact-that adoption can be an effective intervention enabling significant cognitive catch-up demonstrates the benefits of plasticity during development (van Ijzendoorn & Juffer, 2006). Secondly, in the context of childhood learning, prolonged plasticity is considered beneficial, facilitating adaptive change and learning in response to environmental stimuli via formation of new neural connections (Anderson, 2011). Although time-consuming, effortful and non-automatic, non-differentiated learning protects children from premature acquisition of
Epigenetics is the study of how inherited traits are expressed and influenced by the environment, and it is extremely complex. Joseph Nadeau has traced over one hundred biochemical, physiological, and behavioral traits affected by epigenetics. He has seen them be passed down through several generations (Blum, et al, 2010). ADHD, which has been linked to anti-social behavior, is thought to have epigenetic roots. In one adoption-based study done by a group of colleagues, they found that if the mother was an alcoholic or a criminal, the child was at great risk for ADHD. If the father was criminal, the child was also at an increased risk, but having an alcoholic father did not seem to have any effects of the offspring in terms of developing ADHD (Beaver, Nedelec, et al, 2011). Criminal behavior would be the genetic control, and alcoholism would be the environmental factor. Even though they both play a role, genes are still the platform the environment works on to create what ...
Having a safe and healthy childcare setting is one of the most important duties in a daycare. Educators practising good healthy procedures is a good way for children to learn about healthy choices as educators are, good role models.
As social workers there will be numerous times in which one must do research on a certain topic or case they are working on. When conducting both qualitative and quantitative research, there is a logical sequence of events; both types articulating a clear problem statement must precede all other tasks (Yegidis, Weinbach, & Myers, 2012, p. 55). If one does not have a clear problem statement, then the results may not be exactly what one is looking to achieve. Time is a precious entity, whether you are a client, researcher, social worker, whatever the case; one must a clear research problem so that time is not wasted on other aspects that have nothing to do with the end result. Conducting research can be an intense process, in using the proper
The early stages of a child’s lifespan is the most crucial part of their overall development. “Brain and biological development during this time is influenced by an infant's environment”(Statistics
I watched the documentary “Secret of the Wild Child”, on a girl who was in isolation from birth to thirteen years old. Her name was Genie and is referred to as a feral child. This means she was without human contact from a young age, and has no experience of human care, social behavior, and, of the human language. Feral children are often known as being raised as animals and therefore imitating their behaviors. However, a child who is severely neglected is also considered a feral child. During the time she was discovered, around 1970, there was a major debate in the field of psychology. The famous nature verses nurture argument, meaning does genetics play a greater role in development or does one’s environment. In the case of Genie, the real focus was on her language development and deciphering if there was a critical age to learn a language.
Kids developing are originally shaped by their environment, which includes how their parents raised them to act along
Nature versus nurture is a long question of whether genetics influence environmental or environmental influences, genetics (Myers, 2014). While we are all born with 20,000 to 25,000 genes there are some that are dormant and some active; believed that environmental influences effect which stay dormant and which become active (Myers, 2014). Throughout Bandura’s experiment, we can see that while some children already seem exposed to elements to awaken the genes for anger and aggression. While others seem to repeat what they saw the adult do, but not with as much force and
families, and communities to enhance their individual and collective well-being. Social workers are change agents and because of that, they aim to help people develop their skills and abilities to use resources provided to them to strengthen and improve their lives and communities to resolve problems. One of the main goal of social workers is to improve the well-being and lives of the most vulnerable populations, fight against poverty, unemployment, domestic violence and the underserviced population by emphasizing on the person-in-environment and social justice model. The social work profession, considerers the individuals’ internal and external struggles, while working with the individuals to examine their relationships, family, work environment, community, and other things that might impact them and identify ways to help address problems and challenges.