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european colonization and its effects on native americans
westward expansion from US effeect on natives
european colonization and its effects on native americans
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The Cherokee rejects the idea of moving beyond the Mississippi River for many reasons. Members of the tribe refuse to leave the land because they do not want to lose their land of their ancestors to the whites and go west. Particularly, the Cherokee “had made great efforts to become citizens, establishing schools, adopting a constitution modeled on that of the United States, and becoming successful farmers, many of whom owned slaves” (201), they do not see themselves as “savages” because they are gradually civilized like the whites. In addition, the new land which the Cherokee are relocated is strange to them. There are also other Indian tribes already live in the land. Therefore, the Cherokee would be considered as intruders if they moved
The Muckleshoot are a Native American tribe are a part of the Coast Salish people. their territory can be found located in Washington. They are recognized as the Muckleshoot Tribe, they are composed of generations of different tribal groups who inherited Puget Sound areas and occupied river drainages from the rivers confluence in Auburn to their reservations in the Cascades.
In 1845, Ebenezer Carter Tracy published a book titled, Memoir of the Life of Jeremiah Evarts. Within this book is a statement from the Cherokee people from 1830 called, “Appeal of the Cherokee Nation.” In this statement, The Cherokee Indians refuse to move west of the Mississippi River. They made this refusal for two main reasons. The Indians believed that they had a right to remain in the lands of their ancestors and they also insisted that their chances of survival would be very low if they moved west. Their survivability would be impacted by their lack of knowledge of the new lands, and by the Indians that were already living in the western lands, and who would view the Cherokee as enemies.
Many tribes resisted this policy. Wars were fought as a result. The Sac and Fox Indians in Wisconsin and Illinois reoccupied their lands after having been forced to move west of the Mississippi. They were defeated. The Seminole Indians refused to sign a treaty to give up their lands. They, too, fought and lost a bitter war to remain on their land.
Edward Everett, the Massachusetts congressman, also opposed the removal of Native Americans by force to far away land. He said that over there they would encounter “the perils and hardships of a wilderness.” He didn’t want the Cherokees and the other tribes to be sent to a new land because he knew everything would be very different. They would have to change their lifestyle. The weather.
... the unwilling tribes west of the Mississippi. In Jackson’s letter to General John Coffee on April 7, 1832, he explained that the Cherokees were still in Georgia, and that they ought to leave for their own benefit because destruction will come upon them if they stay. By 1835, most eastern tribes had unwillingly complied and moved west. The Bureau of Indian Affairs was created in 1836 to help out the resettled tribes. Most Cherokees rejected the settlement of 1835, which provided land in the Indian territory. It was not until 1838, after Jackson had left office, that the U.S. Army forced 15,000 Cherokees to leave Georgia. The hardships on the “trail of tears” were so great that over 4,000 Cherokees died on their heartbreaking westward journey. In conclusion, the above statement is valid and true. The decision the Jackson administration made to remove the Cherokee Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River was a reformulation of the national policy. Jackson, along with past Presidents George Washington, James Monroe, and Thomas Jefferson, tried to rid the south of Indians This process of removing the native people was continuous as the years went on.
Prior to 1830 the Cherokee people in the Southern states were land and business owners, many owned plantations and kept slaves to work the land, others were hunters and fishermen who ran businesses and blended in well with their white neighbors, but after Andrew Jackson took office as President, the government adopted a strict policy of Indian removal, which Jackson aggressively pursued by eliminating native American land titles and relocating American Indians west of the Mississippi. That same year, Congress passed the Indian R...
The Cherokee Trail of Tears resulted from the execution of the Treaty of New Echota (1835), an “agreement” signed under the Indian Removal Act of 1830 (The Cherokee and the Trail of Tears). With the expansion of the American population, the discovery of gold in Georgia, and the need for even more land for American results in the push to move the Natives who were “in the way”. So with the Indian Removal Act of 1830, Congress acted to remove Natives on the east coast of the United States to land west of the Mississippi River, something in which was never embraced or approved by them (The Cherokee and the Trail of Tears). Many state governments, such as Georgia, did not want Native-owned land within their boundaries, while the Natives did not want to move. However, under the Removal Act, the United States Congress gave then-President Andrew Jackson the authority to negotiate removal treaties.
In 1817 the United States government negotiated the first Cherokee treaty that included a proposal for removal. The government promised to assist those who chose to relocate to the West and around 2,000 Cherokees elected to move despite the oppositions of Cherokee leaders. Many chose to stay and strengthen their Cherokee nation. According to Anderson in the early 1820’s Cherokees were able to read and write in their own language and by 1827 the they also created and established a supreme court and a constitution much like that of the United States. With all of this in mind one should conclude that these were not savage people; They had their own written language, justice system, and constitution.
The Lakota are a Native American tribe also known to other tribes as the Sioux. They are part of a brand of seven tribes that speak three different dialects the other two being Dakota and Nakota. Historians are not sure were the Sioux languages speakers originated from, but they think that this tribe started out in the lower Mississippi River then later on migrated to the Ohio River. After 1720 the Lakota branch of seven council fire split down into two major sections, the Saône moved to Lake Traverse an area on South Dakota, North Dakota- Minnesota border, and the Oglála-Sičháŋǧu occupied the James River. However by 1750 the Saône and Oglála-Sičháŋǧu both moved to the bank of Missouri River. Crossing to the Missouri
John Ross was born in Turkey town October 3rd, 1790 .John Ross was the principal of the Cherokee nation in 1827. His family moved to the base of lookout mountain,a place that later became Rossville .Georgia and his father's store learned customs of traditional Cherokees.The store served the Cherokee and allowed Ross to learn about traditionally customs.John Ross attended school in Tennessee and of married there too.The rebuild of the nation in Indian territory ,in present -day Oklahoma.
When the first humans reached Virginia, there were vast sheet of ice surrounding the USA, and an ample amount of animals for the humans to feast on. These peculiar group of civilization are known as Paleo-Indians. The ice sheets did not reach until Virginia, but they did make the climate much colder. Therefore Caribou, and moose would roam the empty grasslands. In fact, the Paleo Indians did not stay at Virginia for very long, they were a tribe that always followed herds of animals. After, about ten-thousand years after the Paleo-Indians left, their became a tribe very similar to the Paleo-Indians, these eccentric Indians were known as the Powhatan Indians.
advantage of the rich black soil for farming. Corn was their main source of food,
In the essay, “The Trail of Tears” by author Dee Brown explains that the Cherokees isn’t Native Americans that evaporate effectively from their tribal land, but the enormous measure of sympathy supported on their side that was abnormal. The Cherokees process towards culture also the treachery of both states and incorporated governments of the declaration and promises that contrived to the Cherokee nation. Dee Brown wraps up that the Cherokees had lost Kentucky and Tennessee, but a man who once consider their buddy named Andrew Jackson had begged the Cherokees to move to Mississippi but the bad part is the Indians and white settlers never get along together even if the government wanted to take care of them from harassment it shall be incapable to do that. The Cherokee families moved to the West, but the tribes were together and denied to give up more land but Jackson was running for President if the Georgians elects him as President he agreed that he should give his own support to open up the Cherokee lands for establishment.
Natives were forcefully removed from their land in the 1800’s by America. In the 1820’s and 30’s Georgia issued a campaign to remove the Cherokees from their land. The Cherokee Indians were one of the largest tribes in America at the time. Originally the Cherokee’s were settled near the great lakes, but overtime they moved to the eastern portion of North America. After being threatened by American expansion, Cherokee leaders re-organized their government and adopted a constitution written by a convention, led by Chief John Ross (Cherokee Removal). In 1828 gold was discovered in their land. This made the Cherokee’s land even more desirable. During the spring and winter of 1838- 1839, 20,000 Cherokees were removed and began their journey to Oklahoma. Even if natives wished to assimilate into America, by law they were neither citizens nor could they hold property in the state they were in. Principal Chief, John Ross and Major Ridge were leaders of the Cherokee Nation. The Eastern band of Cherokee Indians lost many due to smallpox. It was a year later that a Treaty was signed for cession of Cherokee land in Texas. A small number of Cherokee Indians assimilated into Florida, in o...
Why do Indian college students have high dropout rates? Why do Indian college students have hard times in college, and university atmospheres? Why do Indian college students have difficult times when it comes to making good grades? Maybe it’s because they have no role models in the home. Maybe they can’t relate to individuals with different cultures and backgrounds? Perhaps it is something simple as having poor study habits. The answers could Possibly be that Indian college students are just uncomfortable in a college environment, and don’t have an Indian studies program to go to, as in Reyhner’s essay. Whatever the reason may be Indian college students are scarce within the college scene, just as Indian people are in the United States of America.