Chemistry Aim: I am trying to find out whether the equation 2CuCO3 ® Cu2O + 2CO2 + ½O2 or the equation CuCO3 ® CuO + CO2 is correct for the decomposition of copper carbonate. Introduction: This is my background research, this information may help me when I am trying to see which equation is correct. I have used the book Chemistry 1 by OCR as my reference. Relative Atomic Mass: This is the mass of an atom of the element relative to the mass of an atom of carbon-12 which has a mass of exactly 12. Relative Molecular Mass: This is the mass of a molecule of a compound relative to an atom of carbon-12. Mole: This is the unit of an atom of substance. One mole of a substance is the mass that has the same number of particles (Molecules, Ions or Electrons) as there are atoms in exactly 12g of carbon-12 Avagadro’s Constant: This is the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance. It is calculated using (L = 6.01 x 1023) I will also include the equation for number of moles and volume of gas formed. I shall use my class notes as my reference. Number of Moles of gas = Volume of Gas (cm3) = Volume of Gas (cm3) Molar Volume (cm3) 24000cm3 Volume of Gas = Number of Moles x Molar Volume (cm3) = Number of Moles x 24000 cm3 Planning: Copper has two oxides; Cu2O and CuO Copper carbonate, CuCO3 decomposes on heating to form one of these oxides and an equation can be written for each possible reaction: Equation 1: 2CuCO3 ® Cu2O + 2CO2 + ½O2 Mol Ratio 1 : 0.5 : 1 : 0.25 Tot... ... middle of paper ... ... 64cm3 60cm3 0.33g 80cm3 64cm3 64cm3 Evaluation: From my experiment I have found that equation 1 seems to be the correct equation as my results show that it was almost equal every time to the predicted volume I calculated. When doing my experiment I could have changed some things which could have made the result more accurate. I should have waited until the temperature was at room temperature before taking a reading. I have calculated any inaccuracies I could have made; In weighing à accuracy or balance x 100 Average mass measured = 0.005g x100 0.33g = 1.52% In gas syringeà 0.5 x 100 62.7 =0.797%
Hydrogen is a diatomic element that is in a gaseous form at room temperature. Its most identifying characteristic is the fact that it is highly explosive. It is the lightest element in the world, and has a lifting power of 8% more than that of helium. Hydrogen was used in airships and zeppelins for more than 20 years during the beginning of the 20th century. This practice stopped abruptly after the German airship Hindenburg disaster over New Jersey. It is used in fuel cells to create electricity, and to power cars and planes. Liquid hydrogen is mixed with liquid oxygen to form a cryogenic liquid that is burnt in Solid Rocket Boosters to power the space shuttle. Hydrogen is used to fill weather balloons because of its superb lifting power.
The equation shows how 1 mol of Na2CO3 reacts with 1 mol of H2SO4, so
Text Box: CaCO3 + HCl = CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O calcium carbonate + hydrochloric acid = calcium chloride + carbon dioxide + water
Food technologist are those who make sure food are produced legally and safely. They modify foods to make them fat-free and to make ready meals. They also work with newly discovered ingredients as well as existing ingredients to make new recipes.
In this inquiry the relationship between force and mass was studied. This inquiry presents a question: when mass is increased is the force required to move it at a constant velocity increased, and how large will the increase be? It is obvious that more massive objects takes more force to move but the increase will be either linear or exponential. To hypothesize this point drawing from empirical data is necessary. When pulling an object on the ground it is discovered that to drag a four-kilogram object is not four times harder than dragging a two-kilogram object. I hypothesize that increasing the mass will increase the force needed to move the mass at a constant rate, these increases will have a liner relationship.
Hydrogen is a tasteless, odorless, colorless gas. Hydrogen is found in group 1 and period 1 on the periodic table. Hydrogen is classified as a nonmetal on the periodic table. The symbol for hydrogen is represented by an H, its atomic number is 1, and its atomic weight is 1.0079. The hydrogen atom consists of one proton, which has a positive charge, and one electron, which has a negative charge. The term hydrogen comes from two Greek words meaning water-former. Henry Cavendish, an English scientist, discovered it in 1766. Named by Lavoisier, hydrogen is the most abundant of all elements in the universe. The sun and many other stars consist of mostly hydrogen. It is the third most abundant element on earth. It is estimated that hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all the atoms or three quarters of the mass of the universe. Hydrogen plays an important part in powering the universe though both the proton-proton reaction and carbon-nitrogen cycle. Hydrogen occurs in almost all organic compounds. Many of the compounds found in plant and animal tissues are organic. Production of hydrogen in the U.S. alone now amounts to about 3 billion cubic feet per year. Some of the methods that hydrogen is prepared by are steam on heated carbon, decomposition of certain hydrocarbons with heat, action of sodium or potassium hydroxide on aluminum, or displacement from acids by certain metals. Hydrogen may be condensed to a liquid that boils at -257.87°C and freezes at -259.14°C. Hydrogen ...
The science by aid of which the chemical philosophers of medieval times attempted to transmute the baser metals into gold or silver. There is considerable divergence of opinion as to the etymology of the word, but it would seem to be derived from the Arabic al=the, and kimya=chemistry, which in turn derives from the late Greek chemica=chemistry, from chumeia=a mingling, or cheein, 'to pour out' or 'mix', Aryan root ghu, to pour, whence the word 'gush'. Mr. A. Wallis Budge in his "Egyptian Magic", however, states that it is possible that it may be derived from the Egyptian word khemeia, that is to say 'the preparation of the black ore', or 'powder', which was regarded as the active principle in the transmutation of metals. To this name the Arabs affixed the article 'al', thus giving al-khemeia, or alchemy.
Investigationg of Chemical and Physical Changes Why I am conducting this experiment? In order to learn how to recognize chemical and physical changes, I have to carry out this experiment to see different chemical and physical changes of different substance. How can we recognize physical changes and chemical changes? -----------------------------------------------------------
From the unit of chemistry in grade ten science, the students have learned many things from different types of elements in the chart all the way to how each element impacts the daily life each student or even adult lives in. Some of the things I as a student have learned include how to draw the different elements in a bohr rutherford diagram, balancing chemical equations, types of chemical reactions, and even information about the different types of acids and bases. Although there were many other things in the unit, these four definately helped me learn about chemistry in a more in-depth way, as well as teaching me something very new since these were some things a few of the students had never done in the previous years. Learning this in the classroom has really opened my eyes to the world in which we live in today, many times I leave the house on a cold day and as I look upon the cold water becoming ice or even the snow falling down, I know how it is happening, why it is happening, and I can even picture the molecules solidifying as we had seen in class with many different diagrams.
Solids, liquids, and gases are the three main, or fundamental phases of matter. Each one has a different density and a different level of stability. What determines the stability of each phase is the bond between it's atoms. The tighter the bond between it's atoms the more stable that phase of matter is. Solids are the most stable form of matter, followed by liquids, and then gases.
Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of bonds. It is essential that we know what bonds are before we can understand any chemical reaction. To understand bonds, we will first describe several of their properties. The bond strength tells us how hard it is to break a bond. Bond lengths give us valuable structural information about the positions of the atomic nuclei. Bond dipoles inform us about the electron distribution around the two bonded atoms. From bond dipoles we may derive electronegativity data useful for predicting the bond dipoles of bonds that may have never been made before.
As human beings we have the capabilities of thought and reasoning, which is why we have evolved the way we have. However one can never be to sure that what we think and what we reason is really truth. And that idea can lead a person asking certain questions; What is the nature of existence? What is the nature of reality and it’s principles? but then more questions follow within These; What are we touching? What are we looking at? What are these things interfering and altering our lives? Are they the same in reality as they are in our mind? What are these substances? Are they even substances? If they are real then why are they, and what are they? Many great philosophers tackled these questions. Philosophers such as Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, Spinoza, and Berkeley. All of them came up with an idea of what substance is.
Acids are substances that, when added to water produce hydrogen ions. Hydrogen Ions are the combination of hydrogen and water molecules. There are many types of acids, which consist of citric, hydrochloric, carbonic, sulfuric, acetic, nitric, phosphoric, and lactic acids. Acids react with zinc, magnesium, and aluminum forming hydrogen. They turn blue litmus paper red. Litmus is used to check for acidity. Acids are sour, react with metals to produce hydrogen gas, and react with carbonates to produce carbon dioxide gas. Strong acids dissociate in water forming hydrogen ions and an anion. Weak acids partially dissociate in water, to form hydrogen ions and an anion, an anion is a negatively charged particle.