Effect of chemical treatment Results from table 2 are helpful in comparing and analysing the effectiveness of chemical treatment which we applied in two different processes. Table 3: ANOVA analysis of puncture resistancefor chemically treated jute geotextiles at 90 days duration Effect Sum of square Degree of freedom Mean square F calculated % Contribution Sand 186.047 1 186.047 40.454 14.10 Treatment 2132.469 2 1066.234 231.843 80.84 Rainfall 66.505 1 66.505 14.461 5.04 From ANOVA analysis (Table 5.2) it is clear that chemical treatment contributes significantly (80.84 %) to the puncture resistance performance of geotextile at 90 days duration. From figure 5 and 6, it is clear that chemically treated jute geotextiles has resulted in significantly higher puncture resistance as compared to that of untreated jute geotextiles at different rainfall intensities. The amount of degradation of geotextile is directly related with the microbial activity, which increases with time and shows less effect on bitumen coated jute geotextiles due to the rot proofing treatment of jute with copper sulphate, a new complex is formed by reaction of copper compound with mainly non-cellulosic constituents …show more content…
Table 7: ANOVA analysis of tensile strength at break for chemically treated jute geotextiles at 90 days duration (weft direction) Effect Sum of square Degree of freedom Mean square F calculated % Contribution Sand 30100 1 30100 465.10 6.44 Treatment 846181 2 423091 6537.50 90.64 Rainfall 13574 1 13574 209.75 2.90 Figure 5.4: Effect of road design on tensile strength at break at 50 mm/hr rainfall intensity (warp direction) Figure 5.5: Effect of road design on tensile strength at break at 100 mm/hr rainfall intensity (warp direction) Figure 5.6: Effect of road design on tensile strength at break at 50 mm/hr rainfall intensity (weft direction) Figure 5.7: Effect of road design on tensile strength at break at 100 mm/hr rainfall intensity (weft direction) Effect of road
On December 19th 2007, a small chemical manufacturer T2 Laboratories suffered a catastrophic failure and release while in production of a compound that is produced to increase octane in gasoline and is a common additive in fuel production Methyleclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl or MCMT. The failure occurred during production and resulted in the death of 4 and injuries to 32 people, 28 of which were members of the community. (CSB, 2009)
Travelling across the country in an old Ford Model T would never be easy; but, traveling in a Model T on a bumpy dirt road with ruts and holes, almost unbearable. Thankfully, many advances in America’s roadway systems came about in the 1900s. Traveling from one city to another became not only quicker and easier, but also safer, thanks to the many innovations that roadways experienced over the last century. Many engineers put in a lot of time and effort to make these innovations and need to be accredited for their scientific achievements. However, getting to the roadway system that we take for granted today did not happen overnight. It took new technology and some brilliant minds to bring the pieces together to form the luxury of nice, smooth
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The purpose of this short memo is to discuss aspects of use, applicability, and environmental impacts of porous pavements as gleaned from practical findings and pertinent examples. A porous pavement is one with high enough porosity and permeability to allow rain and snowmelt to pass through it, thereby reducing the runoff from a site and surrounding areas. In intensely built up areas, pavements account for more than half of all the land, and for about two-thirds of total built cover (Ferguson, 2005, 2-3). Parking lots, in particular, account for the majority of paved areas. Pervious paving materials have the capability of providing a dual purpose in parking and other areas with low to moderate traffic; they serve both as a parking/traffic area and to manage stormwater.
Mead, H. K. (2002, June 22). Office of the Inspector General. Retrieved Feb 12, 2014, from US Department of Transportation: http://www2.oig.dot.gov/sites/dot/files/pdfdocs/cc2002180.pdf
He details a long history of ill repair and modifications with the latest modification to the bridge, before it’s collapse taking place in 1997, but still leaving it inadequate to support it’s ever increasing load. From 1967 to 1997 the daily traffic load on the bridge nearly tripled, from 60,000 vehicles per day, to approximately 160,000 per day at the time of it’s collapse. The increased traffic load, along with the increased weight from subsequent modifications, outpaced the bridge’s structural design (LePatner,
Comment on class result with respect to differences in filter types, differences in filter assemblies, and overall on the confidence you would have in using this type of sterilisation process in preparation of pharmaceutical products. List the factors that may cause contamination during filtration. (20 marks)
The landslide has progressively moved over the last hundreds of years. A number of research papers that contain measurements and trends of the movement of the landslide have been published. Donnelly (2006) provided a comprehensive overview of the movements of the landslide and the surrounding areas, paying particular attention to the effects on the A625. The road began to crack around 1910 with 2.5m of subsidence measured in the January of 1915...
Background: Waste water treatment plants are essential to communities of all sizes and must work efficiently. Waste water treatment plant primary priority and responsibility is the treatment of incoming sewage water by the removal of biological and chemical wastes so it can be treated and recycled for future use. There are many government agencies and standards set forth to govern and observe the successful treatment of sewage, such as the Department of Environmental Quality, the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System and the Clean Water Act of 1972. Compliance and constant monitoring of the treatment plant’s operations are important as they protect the surrounding community. A spill or backflow of sewage due to a complete system malfunction could potentially be detrimental to the environment and local community.
The plastic limit of soil tested is 27 % whereas the plasticity index (IP) is
... although we may never be able to understand exactly what soil failures can occur when a natural disasters take place, as time goes on and testing instruments and materials advance we will hopefully have a better understanding of what we can do to avoid soil failures and come up with a better and more sufficient method of improving the soils structure and strength permanently. While researching the information for this report I feel I have a much better understanding for construction geo-technics and foundations especially regarding the deformation, liquefaction and pile information related to this specific event. I hope to carry the information I have learned from this event into the construction field and apply them towards an authentic project that’s taking place and know that the information, regarding soils, I have given input on will be precise and accurate.
Crumple zones- are a structural feature used in automobiles. They help by absorbing the impact; this is by spreading the impact through parts of the car instead of in the one spot. This reflects back onto law number one, two and three. This is shown when the car hits the object it causes the car to slow down or completely stop (1). The crumble zone would protect the driver because all the energy has been diverted around the car, instead of the one spot. As a result of the cars mass and its acceleration, the force can be calculated (2). When the car crashes it’s most likely that the object w...
Johns Hopkins University. (2009, March). In disaster-prone areas, construction needs a new approach. Retrieved from http://phys.org/news157051992.html
Restoring and Improving Urban Infrastructure - Engineering Challenges. " EngineeringChallenges.org -. National Academy of Science, 2012. Web. The Web.
Due to the fact that rocks are composed of high intensity of elastic and brittle material, they therefore store considerable amount of strain energy that results from elasticity, during the action of plate tectonic. The brittleness leads to development of concurrent cracks on the rocks as a result of plate’s action.