1.
Bob’s suggestion to the R&D department is mechanistic organisational structure. This organisational structure divides the tasks, duties and responsibilities among the company members. There are four main principles of scientific management of mechanistic organisational structure, which include developing the standard of work practices and standardising the used by workers, selecting and training every worker scientifically, ensuring the work done correspond to the standard by collaboration between management and employees, planning and making task assignments by management and carrying out assigned tasks by employees. In addition, bureaucracy is another characteristic of mechanistic organisational structure. Bureaucracy involves six features,
…show more content…
The responsibility of scientists is inventing new drugs. The types of drugs should appropriate for now society situation. Different scientists may have different ideas of the drugs invention. If the scientists share their ideas to each other, it can summarise the opinions from all scientists to make the most effective drugs. They are communication with “horizontal”. The employees in organic organisational structure are working in groups and coordinating of tasks. However, the employees in mechanistic organisational structure are working separately. Scientists cannot discuss during drugs invention, the ideas may not be comprehensive. Therefore, the drugs may not be the most suitable for the society. Moreover, organic organisational structure adapt to unstable situation but mechanistic organisational structure is under rules and standard procedures. Since the situation of society is changeable, the drugs cannot create standardised. Also, mechanistic system scarcities of job challenges, mental stimulation, skills level and autonomy of work. Based on above conclusions, I think organic system is more fitting to R&D.
Reference
Burns, T. 1963(2007). “Mechanistic and Organismic structure.” In Pugh, D.S. (ed.) Organization Theory. London: Penguin Group.
Champoux, J.E.(2011) Organizational Behaviour: Integrating Individuals, Group and Organizations (4th ed.). New York Routledge.
Daft, P.L.(2013) Organization Theory and Design (11th ed.). Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage
Organization is a big management function at Baxter Healthcare. It takes a tremendous amount of organizing to run a successful organization year in and year out. There are many branches of the organizing function of management that are used in daily, monthly, and yearly activities. For the management of my organization, organizing is as critical aspect of planning for the present and future as any. In this paper I will discuss the importance of knowledge and technology in the organizing aspect of my organization and how they play a role in current and future activities.
The major change came through the work of Fredrick Winslow Taylor and his theory of scientific management system. It was not that Taylor was unique or completely new; only time and motion study could be put in that category. The trend was already moving towards systematic management such as formal management methods or by cost ...
The three perspectives can be compare and contrasted by using the organization structure which is the social and physical structure. Social structure is defined as connection and interaction between employees each department in an organization whereas physical structure is the actual layout of organization (Lecture slides, week 4, 2014, structure, culture and design). The social structure concept is developed by Max Webber for the purpose of looking through the division of labor, hierarchy of authority and corporate rules and procedures (Hatch and Cunliffe, 2009, p.103). Therefore, from a modernist perspective, it is clear that, structure differentiates through characteristic such as a flat or tall organization structure. Tall organization structures are those with divisions of labor through having many vertical hierarchy levels from top to bottom with only a few departments. Tall organizations on the other hand are those structures with a big number of divisions while having less hierarchical levels (Lecture slides, week 4, 2014, structure, culture and design). Modernists believe ...
First of all, organizational structure determines the hierarchy, the levels of communication, and how job tasks are formally divided, grouped and coordinated within an organization (Langton, Robbins, & Judge, 2013). There are six key elements that managers need to address when they design their organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, span of control, centralization and decentralization, and formalization (Langton et al., 2013). The way in which an organizational structure is constructed and implemented can affect company productivity.
Scientific management is a way that an organisation regulates their staff within a workplace. The theory behind this is accomplished by selecting the ‘best person for the best role’, who will undertake the training to train each worker to do a ‘specific role the right way’ (Frederick Taylor). This extracts the responsibility from the employee whilst handing over executive decisions to the employer to make strategic directions. Frederick Taylor required the managers to set the tasks for the employees in advanced and that each task was to be detailed to each employee, to be done in a certain way and completed by an exact time no less.
Organizational structure is one of the three key organizational assets that could contribute to the effectiveness of operations of any organization (Zheng, Yan and Mclean 2009) It is joined together by different flows of information, decision processes, hierarchy of authority, specialization and working materials. (Enz 2009; Mintzberg 1980) Furthermore, it also determines the operating workflow, control of information, decision-making in the organization and the line authority (Mintzberg 1980). The facets of the organizational structure, the relationships that exist within it, and how the business processes (Bititci et al 2011) are controlled, determine the managerial style that should be utilized in addition to the strategies the organization could implement. Going further, a company’s organizational design and the parts that constitute it are seen as a contributing factor to superior performance, which ultimately provide an organization with competitive advantage over its competitors. (Enz 2009; Zheng, Yang, and Mclean 2009)
An innovative organizational structure is characterized by being flexible, adaptable, and open to experimenting with new ideas. Every aspect of their company can fit up under this organizational structure. Their lax in use of a formal hierarchy structure and excessive titles contribute to this reasoning. The emphasis they put on developing new ideas and using updated technologies also support this organizational structure.
Coser, Lewis A. edt. 1975. The Idea of Social Structure: Papers in Honor of Robert K. Merton.
The concept of scientific management is based on the idea that work could be studied to increase efficiency, and specialization. Economist Adam Smith changed the way the world looked at the economy and organization. In his essay, “Of the Division of Labour,” Smith emphasizes the importance of specialization, and how division of labor leads to specialization. He states that this would allow a worker to be more productive and efficient (Shafritz, Ott, & Jang, 2011, p. 41-45). Frederick Taylor introduced the principles of scientific management, which stated that management is a science, workers should be scientifically selected and trained scientifically, and both management and workers should work together.
Traditional organizational Structure Is known as called a hierarchical structure is similar to a managerial pyamid where the hierarchy of decision making and authority goes from the strategic management at the top down to operational management and non-management employees. (Techrepublic, 2015) Challenges In spite the fulfilment of many Internet-based applications, health care company can look forward to face many problems as they try to apply these technologies to acquire their strategic visions. They will face obstruction to, and restrain on, organizational alter, as well as being unsure about the efficacy and effects of Internet-based applications. Opposition to alter can come from refusal of the need to alter, the lack to manage alter,
Organizational structure within an organization is a critical component of the day to day operations of a business. An organization benefits from organizational structure as a result of all it encompasses. It is used to define how tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated. Six elements should be addressed during the design of the organization’s structure: work specialization, departmentalization, chain of command, spans of control, centralization and decentralization. These components are a direct reflection of the organization’s culture, power and politics.
The strengths in creating a divide between management functions and work functions have been employed widely at all levels and in all industries. Scientific management makes organisations efficient by replacing the rule of the thumb
Organizational structure is the way that an organization arranges people and jobs so that work can be performed and goals can be achieved. Good organizational design helps communications, productivity, and innovation. Many organization structures have been created based on organizational strategy, size, technology, and environment. Robbins and Judge (2011, p. 504) listed three common structures: simple, bureaucracy, and matrix. In this post the author will describe the matrix structure, and discuss its advantages and disadvantages.
Although there are some differences among bureaucratic and scientific management theories, in actuality, they both share a deliberate and detailed approach towards improving an organization’s efficiency and effectiveness. Dissimilarities seen in these approaches may be due primarily to their points of reference. Where the scientific approach focuses primarily on maximizing the efficiency of work, the bureaucratic approach’s concentration is directed on the structuring of the personnel within the organization. Although there are weaknesses in both management theories time has shown each to be successful models. These two classical approaches to management complement each other and lend well to large organizations. Both theories have been universally adopted and adaptations of each are in practice today.
Scientific Management also has a relationship with today’s environment because it has two advantages. Firstly, compare to the past, management is getting more scientific. How to improve production efficiency is the starting point of Scientific Management, and also is the final destination. It aims to unearth and cultivate workmen’s endowment, let them have the best performance in their work ---to obtain the highest efficiency farthest. Taylor said that the enormous increasing in production efficiency was the evident distinction to differentiate which a nation was civilized one or not. Moreover, it is the huge progressive emblem of human’s community. To change the production efficiency, he focused on management and labor. It based on “co-operation between the management and workers” (4) close together. The most quick and effective way is to import scientific analyses and knowledge into management practice, using scientific method instead of experienced way in various categories of work. “Bring everyone’s production efficiency into full play to accomplish maximum profit.”(5)For example, nowadays in the situation of teem of two workers in the factories, the fact is clearly identical. To understand that a worker and his helper, their workmanship become a extraordinary skill .The worker and his helper can produce two TV sets in one day, meanwhile, their competitor and helper can only produce one. After selling, the worker and helper can earn more money; the management can make more profits. In the same way, two competitive companies, different areas in a country, even between two nations, they will have the same situation while they in the same competitive market.