Ceremonies of the Olympic Games

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Ceremonies of the Olympic Games

The Olympic Games have always included a number of ceremonies, many

of which emphasize the themes of international friendship and peaceful

cooperation. The opening ceremony has always included the parade of

nations, in which the teams from each nation enter the main stadium as

part of a procession. The Greek team always enters first, to

commemorate the ancient origins of the modern Games, and the team of

the host nation always enters last. The opening ceremony has evolved

over the years into a complex extravaganza, with music, speeches, and

pageantry. It is eagerly anticipated and well attended. The torch

relay, in which the Olympic Flame symbolizes the transmission of

Olympic ideals from ancient Greece to the modern world, was introduced

as part of the opening ceremony at the 1936 Summer Games in Berlin. In

the relay the torch is lit in Olympia, Greece, and is carried over

several weeks or months from there to the host city by a series of

runners. After the last runner has lit the Olympic Flame in the main

Olympic stadium, the host country’s head of state declares the Games

officially open, and doves are released to symbolize the hope of world

peace.

Two other important ceremonial innovations had appeared earlier at

the 1920 Games in Antwerp, Belgium. The Olympic Flag, with its five

interlocking rings of different colors against a white background, was

flown for the first time. The five rings represent unity among the

nations of Africa, the Americas, Asia, Australia, and Europe. Another

innovation occurring in 1920 was the first reciting of the Olympic

Oath, taken in the name of all the athletes by a member of the host’s

team. The oath asserts the athletes’ commitment to the ideals of

sportsmanship in competition.

Medal ceremonies are also an important part of the Games. After each

individual event during the Games, medals are awarded in a ceremony to

the first-, second-, and third-place finishers. The winners mount a

podium to receive gold (actually gold-plated),silver (silver-plated),

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