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the importance of accurate patient history
History of medical records
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The patient is a 30 year old male with an active bacterial infection on his right leg attacking his Integumentary system. The patient is from Tanzania, Africa but came back to work in a factory that produces plastic. If he has Cellulitis, it can get bad enough to travel to other organs like the Liver and Kidney and cause failure. If this happens, Edema can form, usually on one half of the body; this is the Urinary system being attacked. The main system being attacked is the Lymphatic system because Cellulitis attacks the lymphatic draining system. For Cellulitis to travel to organs, it had to go through the blood, so the cardiovascular system is also in effect.
II) To test for Cellulitis you would do a physical exam that can reveal redness, swelling, warmth of the skin, swollen glands, or possible drainage, if there is an infection. You would also do a blood culture, complete blood count, and a culture of any fluid or material inside the infected area. We would do a blood test to see if the kidneys or liver are failing, this can be an effect of Cellulitis. The patient received blood tests already, but the blood tests came back negative. The blood pressure of the patient was 90/50, which is significantly low, and is also a symptom of Cellulitis. Cellulitis can also come from edema, which explains why the patient had edema in his right leg.
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Cellulitis is an inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue. We think he got Cellulitis when he was living in Tanzania. Some symptoms of Cellulitis are swelling of the skin, pain and tenderness, swollen glands, and redness of affected area. Cellulitis mostly occurs in the legs. Cellulitis usually only affects one side of the body and the patient only had an infection on his right leg and foot. This explains why the skin was infected on his right leg. Cellulitis is treated very quickly with antibiotic therapy. Cellulitis can also come from edema, which explains why the patient had
J.P., a 58 year old female, presents to the Emergency Room on March 18th. She has a past medical history of cervical cancer, atheroembolism of the left lower extremity, fistula of the vagina, peripheral vascular disease, neuropathy, glaucoma, GERD, depression, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and sickle cell anemia. She complains of right lower extremity pain accompanied by fatigue, a decreased appetite, increased work of breathing, burning on urination, and decreased urine output for three days.
Imaging tests. Imaging tests usually aren’t necessary, but in some instances, especially when no evidence of infection is found, They may be helpful. For example, an X-ray or ultrasound may help out other potential causes inflammation, such as a tumor or structure
Our mutual patient Darlene Boyle was seen in the clinic on 7/5/16 for medical clearance. Her EKG and Chest X-Ray was within normal limits. Her CBC showed elevated WBC's and she will be referred to Hematology. However, there are no finding that would prevent the patient from going through with her surgical procedure.
General: Patient is alert, oriented, not in acute distress. Not in labored breathing. Gait is non-antalgic. Cooperative and talkative mood affect. On exam of left knee inspection noticed some swelling compared with the right. Tenderness and swelling in left knee medial aspect. The scar from anterior knee is well healed. No sign of infection. Vascular exam is normal, dorsalis pedis pulses posterior, tibial pulses and capillary refill. Neurologic exam is within normal limits. Sensation and motor is intact. Motor and sensory are intact equal bilaterally. Hyperextension and flexion is within normal limits. Lachman test is negative. Knee anterior drawer test is negative. McIntosh test is negative. Inspection is no ecchymosis but there is a mild swelling in the medial
The patient tells me this has been ongoing now for the last two months. There was no specific injury or trauma. She was describing a pain and ache in her right leg. She said she was not paying much attention to exactly where it was and elected to go see urgent care on September 3th. I do have that note from the physician that she saw there. At that time, her main complaint was right knee pain. She had x-rays done that showed some mild osteoarthritis and she is here today to follow up on that. She says after that visit, she really started trying to pay attention to where the pain was coming from and she realized it is really coming throughout the whole leg, particularly the thigh area, the knee, down the back of the leg as well, and she also feels it a little into the right buttock. No injury or trauma. There is no real low back pain associated with this. No weakness that she has noticed. No numbness or tingling that she has had. She is having no other joint issues that she can recall. She is not having fevers. There has been no redness or swelling. She is overall feeling okay. She is a little bit more tired than typical. No associated fevers, chills, or other body
Pathophysiology of infection, inflammation response, and sepsis leading to septic shock (the cascade) is a major area of interest in the literature. Under normal circumstances, when a pathogen enters a human host and tissue damage occurs, the host initiates an inflammatory response to repair the tissue. The main types of pathogens include viruses, bacteria, and parasites (Porth & Matfin, 2009; Raghavan & Marik, 2006). Cellulitis is an example of an acute infection, which affects the skin and or subcutaneous tissue often in lower limbs. Cellulitis is caused by streptococcus pyogenes and staphylococcus aureus (multi-resistant bacteria) and is transmitted by direct contact, entering the body via broken skin such as ulcers and or following trauma. The presentation of cellulitis often includes pain (localised), erythema, fever and swelling. Infections such as cellulitis have a propensity to become systemic through distribution in the blood and lymph (Hadzovic-Cengic et al., 2012). The inflammation response to an infection involves the release of both pro and anti-inflammatory mediators. When excessive pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines are released they cause inflammation in a systemic manner that can cause sepsis or systemic inflammatory response syndrome (being the non-specific response to non-infectious cause) (Sagy, Al-Qaqaa, & Kim, 2013). Pro-inflammatory mediators also activate the complement system, which results in increased inflammation and upregulation of specific receptors that lead to cellular injury and apoptosis seen in severe sepsis and organ dysfunction (Ward, 2008). Organ dysfunction can occur in one or more organs such as the lungs, liver, kidneys and or heart and often results from a lack of...
Cellulitis is an acute spreading bacterial infection of the connective tissue, dermis and subcutaneous layers of the skin (ProQuest 07/2012 pg.5). Characterized by redness, swelling, warmth, tight/shiny skin and pain. It is sometimes accompanied by fever, swollen lymph nodes, chills and fatigue. Cellulitis first appears on pink-to-red minimally inflamed skin. The area of infection rapidly becomes deeper red and increases in size as the infection spreads. Occasionally, red streaks may radiate outward from cellulitis. Blisters or pus filled bumps may also be present (skinsight 12/2012 pg.5). The main culprit is the bacteria Streptococcus and Staphylococcus which can enter through a break in the skin.
Cellulitis is an infection that also involves the skin's deeper layers: the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The main bacteria responsible for cellulitis are Streptococcus and Staphylococcus ("staph"). MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staph aureus) can also cause cellulitis. Sometimes, other bacteria (for example, Haemophilus influenzae, Pneumococcus, and Clostridium species) may cause cellulitis as well. Cellulitis is fairly common and affects people of all races and ages. Men and women appear to be equally affected. Although cellulitis can occur in people of any age, it is most common in middle-aged and elderly
Examination revealed an oxygen saturation of 96% and chest auscultation was clear. The was no cervical lymphadenopathy or obvious hepatosplenomegaly. On the left leg there was a circular mildly??? erythematous area that was non-blanching.
When the bacteria is identified proper treatment begins.Some treatments include aggressive IV antimicrobial therapy, fluid replacement, intravenous immunoglobulin to help the body fight the infection. Possible amputation may be necessary to prevent further spread of the
Patient comes in with a complaint of chronic right lower extremity pain due to a surgery that he had back in 2011. He apparently does have hardware in the proximal tibial area and apparently, this has been chronically infected. He is supposed to have this hardware removed by his orthopedic surgeon but he got incarcerated prior to having that done. He is also following with infectious disease. He states he has had an infection in there for at least 2-3 years and currently is on Bactrim suppression therapy. He also has some acne on his face that he would like to try Cleocin for which has worked well in the past. Otherwise, his pain has been his biggest issue. He understands that we cannot prescribe narcotics but he states that
Healthcare-associated infections are a big issue in hospitals. They are the highest cause of morbidity and mortality rates in hospitalized patients. Due to increasing prevention methods, there has been a decrease in infections, but there is still a way to go. In detail, common infections are central line-associated bloodstream infections, catheter care urinary tract infections, surgical site infections and transmission of Clostridium difficile.
4. Analysis A 55- year-old female at VA admitted to TLC for rehabilitation after her heart endocarditis surgery (tricuspid valve). Pt reported developed edema after surgery due to prolong staying at bed. Currently pt conditions is edematous on her lower bilateral extremity and cellulitis
MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS: Empyema, Hemoptysis, Necrotizing pneumonia, Aspergillosis (Aspergillus fumigatus) cachexia secondary to malnutrition/infection, hypothyroidism, Diabetes Type II melitius , and...
Cellulitis is an infection that affects the skin and subcutaneous tissue, which is the innermost layer of skin composed of connective and adipose tissues. Without proper assessment and treatment, the infection may be prolonged or spread to other areas of the body. To treat cellulitis effectively, the correct bacteria must be identified in order to prescribe the appropriate antibiotics. Thorough and accurate assessment is key to effective treatment.